s boulardii  (ATCC)

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Investigation of impact of siderophore and process variables on production of iron enriched Saccharomyces boulardii by Plackett–Burman design

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-70467-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Factors and responses information of Plackett–Burman design (*monosaccharide carbohydrate).

Article Snippet: All chemicals and Yeast Peptone Dextrose (YPD) used in this study were of analytical grade and purchased from Merck (German Company) with some exceptions; S. boulardii (ATCC 74068) from the Mycology Research Center at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran; P. aeruginosa (ATCC 10828) from the Iranian Biological Resource Center (IBRC); and Deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) from Ronak Pharmaceutical Co.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Investigation of impact of siderophore and process variables on production of iron enriched Saccharomyces boulardii by Plackett–Burman design

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-70467-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Growth curve of yeast Saccharomyces boulardii in peptone dextrose agar medium.

Article Snippet: All chemicals and Yeast Peptone Dextrose (YPD) used in this study were of analytical grade and purchased from Merck (German Company) with some exceptions; S. boulardii (ATCC 74068) from the Mycology Research Center at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran; P. aeruginosa (ATCC 10828) from the Iranian Biological Resource Center (IBRC); and Deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) from Ronak Pharmaceutical Co.

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Investigation of impact of siderophore and process variables on production of iron enriched Saccharomyces boulardii by Plackett–Burman design

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-70467-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Classification of investigated variables in yeast enrichment by iron and their result, in previous researches ( Sc , Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Sb , Saccharomyces boulardii ; Km , Kluyveromyces marxianus ; PEF, pulsed electric field).

Article Snippet: All chemicals and Yeast Peptone Dextrose (YPD) used in this study were of analytical grade and purchased from Merck (German Company) with some exceptions; S. boulardii (ATCC 74068) from the Mycology Research Center at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran; P. aeruginosa (ATCC 10828) from the Iranian Biological Resource Center (IBRC); and Deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) from Ronak Pharmaceutical Co.

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Investigation of impact of siderophore and process variables on production of iron enriched Saccharomyces boulardii by Plackett–Burman design

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-70467-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Saccharomyces boulardii cell wall structure.

Article Snippet: All chemicals and Yeast Peptone Dextrose (YPD) used in this study were of analytical grade and purchased from Merck (German Company) with some exceptions; S. boulardii (ATCC 74068) from the Mycology Research Center at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran; P. aeruginosa (ATCC 10828) from the Iranian Biological Resource Center (IBRC); and Deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) from Ronak Pharmaceutical Co.

Techniques:

Journal: Life

Article Title: Epiphytic Yeasts from South Romania for Preventing Food Microbial Contamination

doi: 10.3390/life14091087

Figure Lengend Snippet: The antimicrobial activity against probiotic microorganisms.

Article Snippet: Thus, 3 yeast strains: S. boulardii CMGB-S; Kluyveromyces lactis CMGB 112; Kluyveromyces marxianus CMGB 159 and 2 lactic acid bacteria (LAB): Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus ATCC 19258; and Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 were selected for this assay and were considered as potential sensitive microbial strains.

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: Effect of Mutant and Engineered High-Acetate-Producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii Strains in Dextran Sodium Sulphate-Induced Colitis

doi: 10.3390/nu16162668

Figure Lengend Snippet: Overview of the different oral treatments including controls and Saccharomyces strains.

Article Snippet: VIB and KU Leuven have submitted patent applications (15 September 2017; EP 17191252.0. and 27 January 2022; EP 22153700.4) based on the possible beneficial effect of S. boulardii produced acetic acid for its commercial use as probiotic.

Techniques: Selection, Negative Control, Control, Mutagenesis

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Targeted delivery of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii to the extracellular matrix enhances gut residence time and recovery in murine colitis

doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-48128-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Schematic of biotinylated antibodies specific to extracellular matrix proteins attached to the S. boulardii cell surface via biotin-streptavidin interactions. B Quantification of attached targeted S.b . (colored bars) or non-targeted S.b . (grey bars) on fibronectin-coated (FN blue), fibrinogen-coated (FB purple), or collagen IV-coated (CIV red) well plates at varying seeding densities. Images were quantified using ImageJ, n = 3 wells per condition. Data are shown as mean ± SD. Significance was determined using ordinary one-way ANOVA with Šídák’s multiple comparisons test, n = 3 per condition. C Representative fluorescent images of Left: S.b. FN or non-specific antibody-labeled S.b . ( S.b. NS ) attached to a fibronectin-coated well plate; Middle: S.b. FB or S.b. NS attached to a fibrinogen-coated well plate; Right: S.b. CIV or S.b. NS attached to a collagen IV-coated well plate. Scale bars are 100 μm. D Schematic depicting the growth of antibody-labeled S. boulardii , resulting in the dilution of the number of antibodies remaining on each cell surface, and subsequent reduction in the capacity to bind to the corresponding ECM protein. E Anti-fibronectin antibody-labeled S. boulardii growth (red squares, right y-axis), percent antibody remaining on the cell surface as determined by flow cytometry (blue circles, left y-axis), and percent mSA remaining on the cell surface as determined by flow cytometry (grey triangles, left y-axis) over time incubated in supplemented simulated intestinal fluid ( n = 3 technical replicates, points represent mean). Data are shown as mean ± SD, n = 3. F Quantification of plate-bound S.b. FN as compared to non-targeted S.b . on a fibronectin-coated well plate following incubation in supplemented simulated intestinal fluid (Images were quantified using ImageJ, n = 3 wells per condition) Data are shown as mean ± SD. G Representative fluorescent images of S.b. FN bound to a fibronectin-coated well plate over time. Scale bars are 100 μm. α = 0.05, **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: For the labeling and attachment efficiency time course assay, S. boulardii were grown in simulated intestinal fluid (Ricca Chemical Company) supplemented with 25% v/v CMM.

Techniques: Labeling, Flow Cytometry, Incubation

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Targeted delivery of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii to the extracellular matrix enhances gut residence time and recovery in murine colitis

doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-48128-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Schematic of probiotic mechanisms of action elicited by S. boulardii . B Percent viability after 4 h incubations of control and engineered yeast in media at pH 2.5, pH 4.0, or containing 0.3% or 0.6% OxGall bile salts (OxG). Data are shown as mean ± SD, n = 3 biological replicates. C Secretion of acetate, propionate, and butyrate from cultures of either S.b., S.b. mSA, S.b. FN, S.b. FB , and S.b. CIV , or blank media, n = 4. Solid line: simple regression of the linear portion before saturation (0 to 18 h for acetate, 0 to 12 h for butyrate and propionate. D Secretion rate of acetate, propionate, and butyrate from cultures of either S.b., S.b. mSA, S.b. FN, S.b. FB , and S.b. CIV , or blank media calculated from linear regression in (C), n = 4 biological replicates. E Concentration of murine interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the cell culture supernatant following an 18 h co-incubation of murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells with controls (PBS or LPS 1 μg/mL) and engineered yeast, n = 3 biological replicates. F . IL-8 concentrations in HT-29 human epithelial cells co-cultured with probiotic yeast strains then stimulated with TNFa (20 mg/ml). Data are shown as mean ± SD, n = 3 biological replicates. Significance was determined using ordinary one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s for panels B, D, E, and F. For panel B, black asterisks indicate significance against S.c . For panels E , and F : black asterisks indicate significance against PBS and grey asterisks indicate significance against S.c ., α = 0.05, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: For the labeling and attachment efficiency time course assay, S. boulardii were grown in simulated intestinal fluid (Ricca Chemical Company) supplemented with 25% v/v CMM.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Cell Culture, Incubation, Derivative Assay

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Targeted delivery of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii to the extracellular matrix enhances gut residence time and recovery in murine colitis

doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-48128-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Schematic depicting time course of in vivo murine colitis study. C57BL6/J mice were administered 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in the drinking water for 5 days, then administered regular drinking water for the remainder of the study. Mice were dosed on day 5 with 10 9 colony-forming units (CFU) of nontargeted ( S.b. mSA ), fibrinogen-targeted ( S.b. FB ), collagen IV-targeted ( S.b. CIV ), or fibronectin-targeted ( S.b. FN ) yeast via oral gavage. Stool was collected at 12, 24, 48, 72 h post-gavage to measure viable yeast by quantitative culture. B S. boulardii CFU in the stool post-gavage, n = 5 independent animals. C S. boulardii CFU in colon tissue 72 h post-gavage, n = 5 independent animals. D Mean percent body weight of mice over the course of the study. N = 5, significance indicates comparisons to average weights of DSS-only mice at each timepoint. Arrow indicates day of DSS removal and yeast dosing. E Mouse colon length at study termination, n = 5 independent animals, lines represent the mean. Black asterisks indicate significance against DSS and grey asterisks indicate significance against S.b. mSA . F Mean relative expression of pro-inflammatory ( Tnfa, Ifng, Il6 ) and anti-inflammatory ( Tgfb, Il10 ) cytokines in distal colon tissue compared to healthy controls, n = 5. Statistical tests between groups for each gene were independently performed then represented in a single heatmap. Black asterisks indicate significance against DSS and grey asterisks indicate significance against S.b . mSA . Significance indicated as compared to mean relative expression values of DSS-only mice. G Representative images of hematoxylin and eosin staining of colon Swiss rolls; black arrows indicate lesions of severe inflammation/ulceration. H Semi-quantitative histological scores of inflammation accounting for extent of mucosal loss, hyperplasia, and erosions, n = 5 independent animals. Black asterisks indicate significance against DSS and grey asterisks indicate significance against S.b . mSA . I Mean relative expression of Fn1 , Fgb , and Col4a1 in the distal colon of DSS mice relative to healthy controls, n = 4. No statistical significance was found. J Representative immunofluorescence of DSS-only colons dosed with either S.b. mSA or S.b. FN . Cell nuclei (blue), fibronectin (pink), and S.b . (cyan) imaged with 2x and 10x objectives, n = 3. Dotted lines represent the limit of detection (Panels B and C). Data are shown as mean ± SD. Significance was determined using ordinary one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s (panels B , C , D ) or Tukey’s (panels E , F , H ) multiple comparisons test α = 0.05, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001. Scale bars are 100 μm.

Article Snippet: For the labeling and attachment efficiency time course assay, S. boulardii were grown in simulated intestinal fluid (Ricca Chemical Company) supplemented with 25% v/v CMM.

Techniques: In Vivo, Expressing, Staining, Immunofluorescence

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Targeted delivery of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii to the extracellular matrix enhances gut residence time and recovery in murine colitis

doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-48128-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Schematic depicting the time course of in vivo murine colitis study. C57BL6/J mice were administered 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in the drinking water for 5 days (injury) followed by administration of regular drinking water for 3 days (recovery). This cycle was repeated twice more. Following the first cycle, mice were administered 10 9 colony-forming units (CFU) of nontargeted ( S.b. mSA ), fibronectin-targeted ( S.b. FN ), or collagen IV-targeted ( S.b. CIV ) yeast via oral gavage every 3 days for the remainder of the study. The stool was collected every 24 h post-gavage to measure viable yeast. B S. boulardii CFU in the stool on the 48-h post-dose timepoints (Days 11, 14, 17, 20, and 23), n = 25. and on the 72-h post-dose timepoints (Days 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24), n = 25, lines represent mean, (5 independent animals x 5 collection timepoints). C Area under the curve (AUC) analysis of CFU in the stool over time plots, n = 5 independent animals. D S. boulardii CFU in the colon tissue at study termination, n = 5 independent animals. E Mean percent body weight of mice over the course of the study. n = 5, significance determined by comparing the area under each curve as compared to that of DSS mice. F Mouse colon length at study termination, n = 5, lines represent the mean. Black asterisks indicate significance against DSS and grey asterisks indicate significance against S.b . mSA . G Mean relative expression of pro-inflammatory ( Tnfa, Ifng, Il6 ) and anti-inflammatory ( Tgfb, Il10 ) cytokines in distal colon tissue compared to healthy controls, n = 5. Black asterisks indicate significance against DSS and grey asterisks indicate significance against S.b. mSA . H Representative images of hematoxylin and eosin staining of colon Swiss rolls at study termination, black arrows indicate lesions of severe inflammation/ulceration. I Semi-quantitative histological scores of inflammation accounting for extent of mucosal loss, hyperplasia, and erosions, n = 5 independent animals. Black asterisks indicate significance against DSS and grey asterisks indicate significance against S.b . mSA . J Mean relative expression of Fn1 , Fgb , and Col4a1 in distal colon of DSS mice relative to healthy controls, n = 4. Dotted lines represent the limit of detection and shaded regions below represent any values below the limit of detection (Panels B, C, and D). Data are shown as mean ± SD. Significance was determined using ordinary one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s (panels B – E ) or Tukey’s (panels F , G , I ) multiple comparisons test, α = 0.05, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001. Scale bars are 100 μm.

Article Snippet: For the labeling and attachment efficiency time course assay, S. boulardii were grown in simulated intestinal fluid (Ricca Chemical Company) supplemented with 25% v/v CMM.

Techniques: In Vivo, Expressing, Staining