malassezia furfur  (Bruker Corporation)

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Pathogenicity and intestinal barrier disruptive ability of Malassezia furfur in an alternative model host Caenorhabditis elegans is partially alleviated by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus

doi: 10.1101/2024.10.17.618914

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of Malassezia furfur pathogenicity in Caenorhabditis elegans . (A) Survival curves of N2 (wild-type) worms fed Escherichia coli OP50 (OP, n = 55) or M. furfur ( M. furfur , n = 55). (B) Survival curves of N2 worms fed live OP or live M. furfur , and heat-killed (HK)-OP or HK- M. furfur (OP, n = 78; HK-OP, n = 69; M. furfur , n = 58; HK- M. furfur , n = 43). For (A) and (B), young adult worms (3-d-old) represent day 0 of observation. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and asterisks indicate a significant difference compared to OP-fed worms (control) using the log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test. ***, P < 0.001. (C) Body size of worms fed OP, HK-OP, M. furfur , or HK- M. furfur from 4 to 6 d of age. Asterisks indicate significant differences compared to OP-fed worms (control). (D) The intestinal barrier function was assessed by examining the percentage of worms showing leakage of dye into the body-cavity (Smurf assay). Worms fed OP, HK-OP, M. furfur , or HK- M. furfur were examined from 4 to 6 d of age. For (C) and (D), results are shown as individual plots and means ± standard error of mean (SEM). Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. ***, P < 0.001; **, P < 0.01; *, P < 0.05. (E) Representative images of 6-d-old worms fed OP, HK-OP, M. furfur , or HK- M. furfur and stained with blue dye. Scale bar, 100 µm.

Article Snippet: Malassezia furfur was cultured in CHROMagar Malassezia/Candida media (Kanto Chemical, Tokyo, Japan) at 30 °C for 72 h. Lactic acid bacteria were cultivated anaerobically in No. 804 medium (LR and LH), and in MRS medium ( L. plantarum; Kanto Chemical).

Techniques: Control, Comparison, Staining

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Pathogenicity and intestinal barrier disruptive ability of Malassezia furfur in an alternative model host Caenorhabditis elegans is partially alleviated by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus

doi: 10.1101/2024.10.17.618914

Figure Lengend Snippet: Lifespan assay of Caenorhabditis elegans loss-of-function mutants fed Malassezia furfur . (A) Survival curves of N2 (wild-type) and nsy-1 loss-of-function mutant worms fed M. furfur (N2, n = 43; nsy-1 , n = 40). (B) Survival curves of N2 and p38 pathway loss-of-function mutants ( sek-1 and pmk-1 ) worms fed M. furfur (N2, n = 56; sek-1 , n = 53; pmk-1 , n = 60). (C) Survival curves of N2 and c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase (JNK) pathway loss-of-function mutants ( mkk-4 and jnk-1 ) worms fed M. furfur (N2, n = 38; mkk-4 , n = 28; jnk-1 , n = 61). For (A) through (C), young adult worms (3-d-old) represent day 0 of observation. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and asterisks indicate a significant difference compared to N2 worms (control) using the log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test. ***, P < 0.001; **, P < 0.01; *, P < 0.05; N.S., not significant.

Article Snippet: Malassezia furfur was cultured in CHROMagar Malassezia/Candida media (Kanto Chemical, Tokyo, Japan) at 30 °C for 72 h. Lactic acid bacteria were cultivated anaerobically in No. 804 medium (LR and LH), and in MRS medium ( L. plantarum; Kanto Chemical).

Techniques: Mutagenesis, Control

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Pathogenicity and intestinal barrier disruptive ability of Malassezia furfur in an alternative model host Caenorhabditis elegans is partially alleviated by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus

doi: 10.1101/2024.10.17.618914

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of genes related to top-ranked Gene Ontology terms that were enriched in the N2 (wild-type) Malassezia furfur -fed Caenorhabditis elegans group. Genes related to C-type lectin domain-containing protein (A), antimicrobial peptide (B), other functions in response to biotic stimulus excluding those for C-type lectin or antimicrobial peptide (C), and unknown detailed function (D) are shown. For (A) through (D), real-time PCR was used to determine mRNA expression levels of genes in N2 and nsy-1 loss-of-function mutants fed Escherichia coli OP50 (OP) or M. furfur relative to the control group (N2_OP). Data are presented as means ± standard error of mean (SEM) of three independent experiments, each normalized to three reference genes ( act-1 , cyc-1 , or tba-1 ). Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences between N2_OP and N2_ M. furfur groups. ***, P < 0.001; **, P < 0.01; *, P < 0.05. Daggers indicate statistically significant differences between N2_ M. furfur and nsy-1 _ M. furfur groups. †††, P < 0.001; ††, P < 0.01; †, P < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Malassezia furfur was cultured in CHROMagar Malassezia/Candida media (Kanto Chemical, Tokyo, Japan) at 30 °C for 72 h. Lactic acid bacteria were cultivated anaerobically in No. 804 medium (LR and LH), and in MRS medium ( L. plantarum; Kanto Chemical).

Techniques: Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Control

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Pathogenicity and intestinal barrier disruptive ability of Malassezia furfur in an alternative model host Caenorhabditis elegans is partially alleviated by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus

doi: 10.1101/2024.10.17.618914

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of lactic acid bacteria on the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans fed Malassezia furfur. (A) Survival curves of N2 (wild-type) worms fed with a 1:1 mixture of Escherichia coli OP50 and M. furfur (OP + M. furfur (1:1), n = 74), a 1:1 mixture of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and M. furfur (LR + M. furfur (1:1), n = 59), or only M. furfur ( M. furfur , n = 39). (B) Survival curves of N2 worms fed a 1:1 mixture of OP and M. furfur (OP + M. furfur (1:1), n = 78), a 1:1 mixture of Lactobacillus helveticus and M. furfur (LH + M. furfur (1:1), n = 51), a 1:1 mixture of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and M. furfur (LP + M. furfur (1:1), n = 63), or only M. furfur ( M. furfur , n = 43). For (A) and (B), young adult worms (3-d-old) represent day 0 of observation. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and asterisks indicate a significant difference compared to OP + M. furfur -fed worms, using the log-rank (Mantel–Cox) test. ***, P < 0.001; **, P < 0.01.

Article Snippet: Malassezia furfur was cultured in CHROMagar Malassezia/Candida media (Kanto Chemical, Tokyo, Japan) at 30 °C for 72 h. Lactic acid bacteria were cultivated anaerobically in No. 804 medium (LR and LH), and in MRS medium ( L. plantarum; Kanto Chemical).

Techniques: Bacteria

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Pathogenicity and intestinal barrier disruptive ability of Malassezia furfur in an alternative model host Caenorhabditis elegans is partially alleviated by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus

doi: 10.1101/2024.10.17.618914

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of lactic acid bacteria protection against Malassezia furfur virulence in Caenorhabditis elegans . (A) Survival curves of N2 (wild-type) worms fed only Escherichia coli OP50 (OP, n = 77), a 1:1 mixture of OP and M. furfur (OP + M. furfur (1:1), n = 79), a 1:1 mixture of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and M. furfur (LR + M. furfur (1:1), n = 50), or only M. furfur ( M. furfur , n = 43). (B) Survival curves of N2 worms fed a mixture with a high proportion of M. furfur (OP, n = 79; OP + M. furfur (1:4), n = 79; LR + M. furfur (1:4), n = 55; M. furfur , n = 46). For (A) and (B), young adult worms (3-d-old) represent day 0 of observation. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and asterisks indicate a significant difference compared to OP + M. furfur -fed worms using the log-rank (Mantel–Cox) test. ***, P < 0.001; *, P < 0.05. (C) Body size of worms fed OP, OP + M. furfur (1:4), LR + M. furfur (1:4), or only M. furfur from 4 to 6 d of age. Asterisks indicate significant differences compared to OP + M. furfur (1:4)-fed worms. (D) The percentage of body-cavity leakage worms fed OP, OP + M. furfur (1:4), or LR + M. furfur (1:4) was compared to those fed M. furfur at 6 d of age. (E) The percentage of worms with body-cavity leakage fed OP and LR + M. furfur (1:4) was compared to those fed OP + M. furfur (1:4) at 10 and 13 d of age. For (C) through (E), results are shown as individual plots and means ± standard error of mean (SEM). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. ***, P < 0.001; **, P < 0.01; *, P < 0.05; N.S., not significant. (F) Representative images of 10-d-old worms fed OP, OP + M. furfur (1:4), or LR + M. furfur (1:4) and stained with blue dye. Scale bar, 100 µm.

Article Snippet: Malassezia furfur was cultured in CHROMagar Malassezia/Candida media (Kanto Chemical, Tokyo, Japan) at 30 °C for 72 h. Lactic acid bacteria were cultivated anaerobically in No. 804 medium (LR and LH), and in MRS medium ( L. plantarum; Kanto Chemical).

Techniques: Bacteria, Comparison, Staining

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Pathogenicity and intestinal barrier disruptive ability of Malassezia furfur in an alternative model host Caenorhabditis elegans is partially alleviated by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus

doi: 10.1101/2024.10.17.618914

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic representation of the pathogenicity of Malassezia furfur in Caenorhabditis elegans . (A) The protective effect of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus . (B) The signaling pathway.

Article Snippet: Malassezia furfur was cultured in CHROMagar Malassezia/Candida media (Kanto Chemical, Tokyo, Japan) at 30 °C for 72 h. Lactic acid bacteria were cultivated anaerobically in No. 804 medium (LR and LH), and in MRS medium ( L. plantarum; Kanto Chemical).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: In vitro and in vivo synergistic inhibition of Malassezia furfur targeting cell membranes by Rosa rugosa Thunb. and Coptidis Rhizoma extracts

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1456240

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antifungal activity of MG and HL against M. furfur .

Article Snippet: Malassezia furfur ( M. furfur , BNCC324536) was procured from Beina biology-Henan industrial microbial strain engineering technology research center (Henan, China); ATCC Modified Dixon medium (mDixon) was acquired from Qingdao Haibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Qingdao, China); Propidium Iodide (PI) fluorescent dye was sourced from Yesen Bio-tech (Shanghai, China); BCA Protein Assay Kit was obtained from Beyotime (Haimen, China).

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: In vitro and in vivo synergistic inhibition of Malassezia furfur targeting cell membranes by Rosa rugosa Thunb. and Coptidis Rhizoma extracts

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1456240

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of treatment with MG, HL, and ML on the time-kill curve of M. furfur .

Article Snippet: Malassezia furfur ( M. furfur , BNCC324536) was procured from Beina biology-Henan industrial microbial strain engineering technology research center (Henan, China); ATCC Modified Dixon medium (mDixon) was acquired from Qingdao Haibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Qingdao, China); Propidium Iodide (PI) fluorescent dye was sourced from Yesen Bio-tech (Shanghai, China); BCA Protein Assay Kit was obtained from Beyotime (Haimen, China).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: In vitro and in vivo synergistic inhibition of Malassezia furfur targeting cell membranes by Rosa rugosa Thunb. and Coptidis Rhizoma extracts

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1456240

Figure Lengend Snippet: SEM images of M. furfur treated with MG, HL, and ML.

Article Snippet: Malassezia furfur ( M. furfur , BNCC324536) was procured from Beina biology-Henan industrial microbial strain engineering technology research center (Henan, China); ATCC Modified Dixon medium (mDixon) was acquired from Qingdao Haibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Qingdao, China); Propidium Iodide (PI) fluorescent dye was sourced from Yesen Bio-tech (Shanghai, China); BCA Protein Assay Kit was obtained from Beyotime (Haimen, China).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: In vitro and in vivo synergistic inhibition of Malassezia furfur targeting cell membranes by Rosa rugosa Thunb. and Coptidis Rhizoma extracts

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1456240

Figure Lengend Snippet: TEM images of M. furfur treated with MG, HL, and ML.

Article Snippet: Malassezia furfur ( M. furfur , BNCC324536) was procured from Beina biology-Henan industrial microbial strain engineering technology research center (Henan, China); ATCC Modified Dixon medium (mDixon) was acquired from Qingdao Haibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Qingdao, China); Propidium Iodide (PI) fluorescent dye was sourced from Yesen Bio-tech (Shanghai, China); BCA Protein Assay Kit was obtained from Beyotime (Haimen, China).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: In vitro and in vivo synergistic inhibition of Malassezia furfur targeting cell membranes by Rosa rugosa Thunb. and Coptidis Rhizoma extracts

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1456240

Figure Lengend Snippet: PI staining images of Effect of M. furfur treated with MG, HL, and ML (x10).

Article Snippet: Malassezia furfur ( M. furfur , BNCC324536) was procured from Beina biology-Henan industrial microbial strain engineering technology research center (Henan, China); ATCC Modified Dixon medium (mDixon) was acquired from Qingdao Haibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Qingdao, China); Propidium Iodide (PI) fluorescent dye was sourced from Yesen Bio-tech (Shanghai, China); BCA Protein Assay Kit was obtained from Beyotime (Haimen, China).

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: In vitro and in vivo synergistic inhibition of Malassezia furfur targeting cell membranes by Rosa rugosa Thunb. and Coptidis Rhizoma extracts

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1456240

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of intracellular protein content of M. furfur treated with MG, HL, and ML (compared to control, ** p < 0.01; compared to the MG 3.125 mg/mL group, # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01; compared to HL 6.25 mg/mL group, △△ p < 0.01).

Article Snippet: Malassezia furfur ( M. furfur , BNCC324536) was procured from Beina biology-Henan industrial microbial strain engineering technology research center (Henan, China); ATCC Modified Dixon medium (mDixon) was acquired from Qingdao Haibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Qingdao, China); Propidium Iodide (PI) fluorescent dye was sourced from Yesen Bio-tech (Shanghai, China); BCA Protein Assay Kit was obtained from Beyotime (Haimen, China).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: In vitro and in vivo synergistic inhibition of Malassezia furfur targeting cell membranes by Rosa rugosa Thunb. and Coptidis Rhizoma extracts

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1456240

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of ergosterol content of M. furfur treated with MG, HL, and ML (compared to control, ** p < 0.01; compared to the MG 3.125 mg/mL group, # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01; compared to HL 6.25 mg/mL group, △△ p < 0.01).

Article Snippet: Malassezia furfur ( M. furfur , BNCC324536) was procured from Beina biology-Henan industrial microbial strain engineering technology research center (Henan, China); ATCC Modified Dixon medium (mDixon) was acquired from Qingdao Haibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Qingdao, China); Propidium Iodide (PI) fluorescent dye was sourced from Yesen Bio-tech (Shanghai, China); BCA Protein Assay Kit was obtained from Beyotime (Haimen, China).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: In vitro and in vivo synergistic inhibition of Malassezia furfur targeting cell membranes by Rosa rugosa Thunb. and Coptidis Rhizoma extracts

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1456240

Figure Lengend Snippet: GO enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes in M. furfur treated with MG, HL, and ML.

Article Snippet: Malassezia furfur ( M. furfur , BNCC324536) was procured from Beina biology-Henan industrial microbial strain engineering technology research center (Henan, China); ATCC Modified Dixon medium (mDixon) was acquired from Qingdao Haibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Qingdao, China); Propidium Iodide (PI) fluorescent dye was sourced from Yesen Bio-tech (Shanghai, China); BCA Protein Assay Kit was obtained from Beyotime (Haimen, China).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: In vitro and in vivo synergistic inhibition of Malassezia furfur targeting cell membranes by Rosa rugosa Thunb. and Coptidis Rhizoma extracts

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1456240

Figure Lengend Snippet: KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes in M. furfur treated with MG, HL, and ML.

Article Snippet: Malassezia furfur ( M. furfur , BNCC324536) was procured from Beina biology-Henan industrial microbial strain engineering technology research center (Henan, China); ATCC Modified Dixon medium (mDixon) was acquired from Qingdao Haibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Qingdao, China); Propidium Iodide (PI) fluorescent dye was sourced from Yesen Bio-tech (Shanghai, China); BCA Protein Assay Kit was obtained from Beyotime (Haimen, China).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: In vitro and in vivo synergistic inhibition of Malassezia furfur targeting cell membranes by Rosa rugosa Thunb. and Coptidis Rhizoma extracts

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1456240

Figure Lengend Snippet: The fungal burden and the intensity of skin tissue inflammation in mice infected with M. furfur after the treatment of ML. (A) Flowchart of animal experiment; (B) chart of fungal burden (compared with the control, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01; compared with the model, # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01; compared with the MG, △ p < 0.05, △△ p < 0.01; compared with the HL, ▽ p < 0.05, ▽▽ p < 0.01; compared with the ML Lowdose, ○ p < 0.05); (C) HE pathological sections (x10).

Article Snippet: Malassezia furfur ( M. furfur , BNCC324536) was procured from Beina biology-Henan industrial microbial strain engineering technology research center (Henan, China); ATCC Modified Dixon medium (mDixon) was acquired from Qingdao Haibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Qingdao, China); Propidium Iodide (PI) fluorescent dye was sourced from Yesen Bio-tech (Shanghai, China); BCA Protein Assay Kit was obtained from Beyotime (Haimen, China).

Techniques: Infection, Control

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: New Polymeric Hydrogels with Cannabidiol and α-Terpineol as Potential Materials for Skin Regeneration—Synthesis and Physicochemical and Biological Characterization

doi: 10.3390/ijms25115934

Figure Lengend Snippet: The antibacterial activity of tested hydrogels expressed as the diameter of the average inhibition zone (mm).

Article Snippet: Additionally, determination of the zone of inhibition of growth was performed for Candida albicans ATCC ® 14053™ and Malassezia furfur ATCC ® 14521™ fungi.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Inhibition