b2 s 10 2 b2 q 11 0 y3 g 10 2 e  (ATCC)

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Probiotic and immune-modulatory capacities of three human gut-derived strains of Parabacteroides distasonis

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-04804-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Phylogenetic placement of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102. The strains were compared with representative Parabacteroides species using 16S rRNA-based phylogeny via the TYGS platform. Tree construction was performed using GBDP distances and the FASTME 2.1.6.1 algorithm. Bootstrap values at each node indicate branch support. Strain identities are color-coded as shown in the legend

Article Snippet: The antibacterial properties of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 were evaluated through co-culture assays against four clinically relevant pathogens: E. coli ATCC 25922, E. coli H10407 , A. baumannii ATCC 17978, and S. enteritidis PT4.

Techniques:

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Probiotic and immune-modulatory capacities of three human gut-derived strains of Parabacteroides distasonis

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-04804-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Genomic comparison of novel P. distasonis strains and the type strain ATCC 8503ᵀ. ProgressiveMauve (v2.3.1) alignment of the genomes of three novel strains (B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102) with P. distasonis ATCC 8503ᵀ. Colored blocks represent locally colinear homologous regions; inversions are indicated by blocks shifted below the center axis. White regions within blocks denote strain-specific sequences, while vertical white lines within colored blocks indicate regions of high divergence. The extensive genomic rearrangements and variability highlight the distinct genomic architecture of the novel strains compared to the type strain

Article Snippet: The antibacterial properties of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 were evaluated through co-culture assays against four clinically relevant pathogens: E. coli ATCC 25922, E. coli H10407 , A. baumannii ATCC 17978, and S. enteritidis PT4.

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Probiotic and immune-modulatory capacities of three human gut-derived strains of Parabacteroides distasonis

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-04804-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Distribution of Cluster of Orthologous Group (COG) functional categories of the genome of strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102, where A: RNA processing and modification. B: Chromatin structure and dynamics, C: Energy production and conversion, D: Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning, E: Amino acid transport and metabolism, F: Nucleotide transport and metabolism, G: Carbohydrate transport and metabolism, H: Coenzyme transport and metabolism, I: Lipid transport and metabolism, J: Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis, K: Transcription, L: Replication, recombination and repair, M: Cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis, N: Cell mobility, O: Posttranslational modification, protein turnover, chaperones, P: Inorganic ion transport and metabolism, Q: Secondary metabolites biosynthesis transport and catabolism, R: General function prediction only, S: Function unknown, T: Signal transduction mechanisms, U: Intracellular trafficking, secretion, and vesicular transport, V: Defence mechanisms, W: Extracellular structures, Y: Nuclear structure, Z: Cytoskeleton

Article Snippet: The antibacterial properties of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 were evaluated through co-culture assays against four clinically relevant pathogens: E. coli ATCC 25922, E. coli H10407 , A. baumannii ATCC 17978, and S. enteritidis PT4.

Techniques: Functional Assay, Modification, Control, Membrane, Transduction

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Probiotic and immune-modulatory capacities of three human gut-derived strains of Parabacteroides distasonis

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-04804-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gastrointestinal stress tolerance of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 under simulated conditions. (A) Survival under low pH (pH 2.0–4.0). (B) Survival in 0.3% bile salts. (C) Survival under simulated gastric fluid conditions. (D) Survival under simulated intestinal fluid conditions. Data are mean ± SD from triplicates.

Article Snippet: The antibacterial properties of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 were evaluated through co-culture assays against four clinically relevant pathogens: E. coli ATCC 25922, E. coli H10407 , A. baumannii ATCC 17978, and S. enteritidis PT4.

Techniques:

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Probiotic and immune-modulatory capacities of three human gut-derived strains of Parabacteroides distasonis

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-04804-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibacterial activity of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 against clinically relevant pathogens. ( a ) E. coli ATCC 25922. ( b ) A. baumannii ATCC 17978. ( c ) S. enteritidis PT4. ( d ) E. coli H10407 . Values are mean ± SD from three independent biological replicates. Statistical significance was assessed using one-way ANOVA ( p < 0.05, p < 0.01); asterisks indicate significant differences between groups.

Article Snippet: The antibacterial properties of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 were evaluated through co-culture assays against four clinically relevant pathogens: E. coli ATCC 25922, E. coli H10407 , A. baumannii ATCC 17978, and S. enteritidis PT4.

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Probiotic and immune-modulatory capacities of three human gut-derived strains of Parabacteroides distasonis

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-04804-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparative in vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activities of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102. ( a ) DPPH radical scavenging activity. ( b ) α-Amylase inhibition activity. ( c ) Albumin denaturation inhibition activity. Data are mean ± SD.

Article Snippet: The antibacterial properties of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 were evaluated through co-culture assays against four clinically relevant pathogens: E. coli ATCC 25922, E. coli H10407 , A. baumannii ATCC 17978, and S. enteritidis PT4.

Techniques: In Vitro, Activity Assay, Inhibition

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Probiotic and immune-modulatory capacities of three human gut-derived strains of Parabacteroides distasonis

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-04804-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with P. distasonis strains. ( a ) B2-S-102. ( b ) B2-Q-110. ( c ) Y3-G-102. RAW 264.7 cells were treated with the indicated strains in the presence or absence of LPS for 16 h, and NO levels in culture supernatants were quantified using the Griess assay. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test ( p ≤ 0.05). # indicates significant difference relative to LPS treatment.

Article Snippet: The antibacterial properties of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 were evaluated through co-culture assays against four clinically relevant pathogens: E. coli ATCC 25922, E. coli H10407 , A. baumannii ATCC 17978, and S. enteritidis PT4.

Techniques: Griess Assay

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Probiotic and immune-modulatory capacities of three human gut-derived strains of Parabacteroides distasonis

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-04804-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in RAW 264.7 macrophage supernatants treated with LPS (1 μg/mL) in combination with P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102, measured by multiplex ELISA. ( a ) IL-6. ( b ) IFN- γ . ( c ) TNF- α . ( d ) IL-1 β . Data are means of replicate assays. # p ≤ 0.05 vs. LPS alone.

Article Snippet: The antibacterial properties of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 were evaluated through co-culture assays against four clinically relevant pathogens: E. coli ATCC 25922, E. coli H10407 , A. baumannii ATCC 17978, and S. enteritidis PT4.

Techniques: Multiplex Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Probiotic and immune-modulatory capacities of three human gut-derived strains of Parabacteroides distasonis

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-04804-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Phylogenetic placement of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102. The strains were compared with representative Parabacteroides species using 16S rRNA-based phylogeny via the TYGS platform. Tree construction was performed using GBDP distances and the FASTME 2.1.6.1 algorithm. Bootstrap values at each node indicate branch support. Strain identities are color-coded as shown in the legend

Article Snippet: Fig. 5 Antibacterial activity of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 against clinically relevant pathogens. ( a ) E. coli ATCC 25922. ( b ) A. baumannii ATCC 17978. ( c ) S. enteritidis PT4. ( d ) E. coli H10407 .

Techniques:

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Probiotic and immune-modulatory capacities of three human gut-derived strains of Parabacteroides distasonis

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-04804-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Genomic comparison of novel P. distasonis strains and the type strain ATCC 8503ᵀ. ProgressiveMauve (v2.3.1) alignment of the genomes of three novel strains (B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102) with P. distasonis ATCC 8503ᵀ. Colored blocks represent locally colinear homologous regions; inversions are indicated by blocks shifted below the center axis. White regions within blocks denote strain-specific sequences, while vertical white lines within colored blocks indicate regions of high divergence. The extensive genomic rearrangements and variability highlight the distinct genomic architecture of the novel strains compared to the type strain

Article Snippet: Fig. 5 Antibacterial activity of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 against clinically relevant pathogens. ( a ) E. coli ATCC 25922. ( b ) A. baumannii ATCC 17978. ( c ) S. enteritidis PT4. ( d ) E. coli H10407 .

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Probiotic and immune-modulatory capacities of three human gut-derived strains of Parabacteroides distasonis

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-04804-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Distribution of Cluster of Orthologous Group (COG) functional categories of the genome of strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102, where A: RNA processing and modification. B: Chromatin structure and dynamics, C: Energy production and conversion, D: Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning, E: Amino acid transport and metabolism, F: Nucleotide transport and metabolism, G: Carbohydrate transport and metabolism, H: Coenzyme transport and metabolism, I: Lipid transport and metabolism, J: Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis, K: Transcription, L: Replication, recombination and repair, M: Cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis, N: Cell mobility, O: Posttranslational modification, protein turnover, chaperones, P: Inorganic ion transport and metabolism, Q: Secondary metabolites biosynthesis transport and catabolism, R: General function prediction only, S: Function unknown, T: Signal transduction mechanisms, U: Intracellular trafficking, secretion, and vesicular transport, V: Defence mechanisms, W: Extracellular structures, Y: Nuclear structure, Z: Cytoskeleton

Article Snippet: Fig. 5 Antibacterial activity of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 against clinically relevant pathogens. ( a ) E. coli ATCC 25922. ( b ) A. baumannii ATCC 17978. ( c ) S. enteritidis PT4. ( d ) E. coli H10407 .

Techniques: Functional Assay, Modification, Control, Membrane, Transduction

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Probiotic and immune-modulatory capacities of three human gut-derived strains of Parabacteroides distasonis

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-04804-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gastrointestinal stress tolerance of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 under simulated conditions. (A) Survival under low pH (pH 2.0–4.0). (B) Survival in 0.3% bile salts. (C) Survival under simulated gastric fluid conditions. (D) Survival under simulated intestinal fluid conditions. Data are mean ± SD from triplicates.

Article Snippet: Fig. 5 Antibacterial activity of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 against clinically relevant pathogens. ( a ) E. coli ATCC 25922. ( b ) A. baumannii ATCC 17978. ( c ) S. enteritidis PT4. ( d ) E. coli H10407 .

Techniques:

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Probiotic and immune-modulatory capacities of three human gut-derived strains of Parabacteroides distasonis

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-04804-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibacterial activity of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 against clinically relevant pathogens. ( a ) E. coli ATCC 25922. ( b ) A. baumannii ATCC 17978. ( c ) S. enteritidis PT4. ( d ) E. coli H10407 . Values are mean ± SD from three independent biological replicates. Statistical significance was assessed using one-way ANOVA ( p < 0.05, p < 0.01); asterisks indicate significant differences between groups.

Article Snippet: Fig. 5 Antibacterial activity of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 against clinically relevant pathogens. ( a ) E. coli ATCC 25922. ( b ) A. baumannii ATCC 17978. ( c ) S. enteritidis PT4. ( d ) E. coli H10407 .

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Probiotic and immune-modulatory capacities of three human gut-derived strains of Parabacteroides distasonis

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-04804-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparative in vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activities of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102. ( a ) DPPH radical scavenging activity. ( b ) α-Amylase inhibition activity. ( c ) Albumin denaturation inhibition activity. Data are mean ± SD.

Article Snippet: Fig. 5 Antibacterial activity of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 against clinically relevant pathogens. ( a ) E. coli ATCC 25922. ( b ) A. baumannii ATCC 17978. ( c ) S. enteritidis PT4. ( d ) E. coli H10407 .

Techniques: In Vitro, Activity Assay, Inhibition

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Probiotic and immune-modulatory capacities of three human gut-derived strains of Parabacteroides distasonis

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-04804-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with P. distasonis strains. ( a ) B2-S-102. ( b ) B2-Q-110. ( c ) Y3-G-102. RAW 264.7 cells were treated with the indicated strains in the presence or absence of LPS for 16 h, and NO levels in culture supernatants were quantified using the Griess assay. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test ( p ≤ 0.05). # indicates significant difference relative to LPS treatment.

Article Snippet: Fig. 5 Antibacterial activity of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 against clinically relevant pathogens. ( a ) E. coli ATCC 25922. ( b ) A. baumannii ATCC 17978. ( c ) S. enteritidis PT4. ( d ) E. coli H10407 .

Techniques: Griess Assay

Journal: Archives of Microbiology

Article Title: Probiotic and immune-modulatory capacities of three human gut-derived strains of Parabacteroides distasonis

doi: 10.1007/s00203-026-04804-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in RAW 264.7 macrophage supernatants treated with LPS (1 μg/mL) in combination with P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102, measured by multiplex ELISA. ( a ) IL-6. ( b ) IFN- γ . ( c ) TNF- α . ( d ) IL-1 β . Data are means of replicate assays. # p ≤ 0.05 vs. LPS alone.

Article Snippet: Fig. 5 Antibacterial activity of P. distasonis strains B2-S-102, B2-Q-110, and Y3-G-102 against clinically relevant pathogens. ( a ) E. coli ATCC 25922. ( b ) A. baumannii ATCC 17978. ( c ) S. enteritidis PT4. ( d ) E. coli H10407 .

Techniques: Multiplex Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay