rsl3  (TargetMol)

Journal: Redox Biology

Article Title: Targeting HIF-1α promotes ferroptosis and boosts antitumor immunity in MSS colorectal cancer

doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104151

Figure Lengend Snippet: A hypoxia-characteristic cluster identified by Microwell-seq exhibited pronounced ferroptosis resistance in MSS CRC cells. (A and B) t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) plot of Microwell-seq analysis based on gene expressions of SW480 and WiDr. (C and D) Comparative gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of signaling pathways in different clusters. The red color represents up-regulation and blue represents down-regulation, calculated with the formula: ± Log2|NES/p.adjust|. Grey color represents no enrichment in the indicated pathway. NES: normalized enrichment score. (E and F) GSEA analysis showed the indicated pathway activity between the hypoxia cluster and other clusters. (G and H) Correlation analysis of hypoxia scores, glycolysis scores, and ferroptosis suppressor scores in WiDr and SW480 cells was performed using Pearson's method. (I and J) The ferroptosis suppressor score of SW480 and WiDr with DMSO or RSL3 treatment was analyzed by AddModuleScore tool. P values were calculated by Wilcox.test. (K and L) The ferroptosis suppressor score of hypoxia cluster in SW480 and WiDr treated with DMSO or RSL3 was shown. P values were calculated by Wilcox.test.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, cells were treated with RSL3 (Aladdin, cat# R302648), Erastin (TargetMol, cat# T1765), or BAY 87-2243 (TargetMol, cat# T2488) for 48 h. Then, cells were incubated with 10 % CCK-8 for 3 h. Absorbance at 450 nm was measured using a microplate reader.

Techniques: Protein-Protein interactions, Activity Assay

Journal: Redox Biology

Article Title: Targeting HIF-1α promotes ferroptosis and boosts antitumor immunity in MSS colorectal cancer

doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104151

Figure Lengend Snippet: HIF-1α nuclear distribution increased in RSL3-resistant CT26 cells and significantly promoted tumourigenicity and metastasis. (A) The diagram demonstrated the procedure for sphere formation. (B and C) The representative images of sphere formation in MSS CRC cells and quantification analysis of sphere number derived from SW480, HT-29, and WiDr. (D) HIF-1α expression in WiDr was detected by western blotting. (E) qPCR analyzed the indicated gene expression involved in glycolysis in WiDr spheres. (F) Cell viability of parental CT26 and RSL3-resistant CT26 (Re-CT26). (G) Cytoplasm and nuclear HIF-1α expression in CT26. α-tubulin was used as an internal reference for the cytoplasm, and Histone 3 was used as a nuclear reference. (H) qPCR analyzed the indicated gene expression involved in glycolysis in CT26. (I) Image of subcutaneous tumors derived from parental CT26 and Re-CT26. (J) Tumor volume determined by formula: 0.52 × Long × width 2 . (K)Tumor weight of subcutaneous tumors. (L) Bioluminescent images in liver metastatic models. (M) Images of liver metastasis derived from parental CT26 and Re-CT26. (N) Number of liver nodules in liver metastasis models. (O) Representative hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical staining images from liver metastasis models. Scale bar: 25 μm. (P) Quantification of immunohistochemical staining results shown in (O). Data are shown as means ± SD. ∗ P < 0.05; ∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001; ns: not significant. Two-way ANOVA in (J), others unpaired two-tailed Student's t -test.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, cells were treated with RSL3 (Aladdin, cat# R302648), Erastin (TargetMol, cat# T1765), or BAY 87-2243 (TargetMol, cat# T2488) for 48 h. Then, cells were incubated with 10 % CCK-8 for 3 h. Absorbance at 450 nm was measured using a microplate reader.

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Expressing, Western Blot, Gene Expression, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Redox Biology

Article Title: Targeting HIF-1α promotes ferroptosis and boosts antitumor immunity in MSS colorectal cancer

doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104151

Figure Lengend Snippet: P4HA1 was a major factor regulated by HIF-1α and was enriched in ferroptosis-resistant cells. (A) Venn diagram screening 10 genes commonly induced by hypoxia and the glycolysis pathway in SW480 and WiDr by single-cell sequencing. (B) Gene expression heatmap showed the distribution of genes in different clusters in the presence or absence of RSL3. D: DMSO, R: RSL3. (C) Correlation between ferroptosis suppressor score and P4HA1 in MSS CRC containing 119 patients using Pearson's method. (D) Kaplan-Meier plots of RFS in MSS colon cancer patients according to P4HA1 expression. (E) The correlation between HIF-1α and P4HA1 was evaluated by Spearman's analysis in a colon adenocarcinoma cohort of 457 patients. (F) Relative P4HA1 mRNA expression after HIF-1α knockdown, detected by qPCR. (G) Relative P4HA1 protein expression after HIF-1α knockdown, detected by Western blot. (H) Relative P4HA1 mRNA expression after HIF-1α overexpression, detected by qPCR. (I) Relative P4HA1 protein expression after HIF-1α overexpression, detected by Western blot. (J) Relative P4HA1 expression, detected by qPCR. (K) HIF-1α binding motif predicted from JASPAR. (L) The prospective binding site of HIF-1α on the promoter of P4HA1. (M) ChIP assay of HIF-1α and IgG in parental CT26 cells or Re-CT26 cells, followed by qPCR for the binding sequences.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, cells were treated with RSL3 (Aladdin, cat# R302648), Erastin (TargetMol, cat# T1765), or BAY 87-2243 (TargetMol, cat# T2488) for 48 h. Then, cells were incubated with 10 % CCK-8 for 3 h. Absorbance at 450 nm was measured using a microplate reader.

Techniques: Single Cell, Sequencing, Gene Expression, Expressing, Knockdown, Western Blot, Over Expression, Binding Assay

Journal: Redox Biology

Article Title: Targeting HIF-1α promotes ferroptosis and boosts antitumor immunity in MSS colorectal cancer

doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104151

Figure Lengend Snippet: HIF-1α inhibition enhanced ferroptosis inducer sensitivity in MSS CRC cells. (A and B) Cell viability of HT-29 or SW480 treated with RSL3, BAY 87-2243 alone or in combination treatment. (C and D) DCFH-DA oxidation in HT-29 or SW480 treated with RSL3, BAY 87-2243 alone or in combination treatment were quantified using flow cytometry with DCFH-DA probe. (E and F) Lipid peroxidation levels of HT-29 or SW480 treated with RSL3, BAY 87-2243 alone or in combination treatment were detected using flow cytometry with C11-BODIPY 581/591 (FITC channel; excitation/emission: 488/510 nm). (G) MDA levels in cells subjected to the indicated treatment. (H) GSH levels in cells subjected to the indicated treatment. Results are shown as means ± SD. ∗ P < 0.05 ; ∗∗ P < 0.01 ; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 ; ∗∗∗∗ P < 0.0001 . P values were calculated by one-way ANOVA.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, cells were treated with RSL3 (Aladdin, cat# R302648), Erastin (TargetMol, cat# T1765), or BAY 87-2243 (TargetMol, cat# T2488) for 48 h. Then, cells were incubated with 10 % CCK-8 for 3 h. Absorbance at 450 nm was measured using a microplate reader.

Techniques: Inhibition, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Redox Biology

Article Title: Targeting HIF-1α promotes ferroptosis and boosts antitumor immunity in MSS colorectal cancer

doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104151

Figure Lengend Snippet: HIF-1α inhibition attenuated tumor growth and liver metastasis in vivo . (A) Schematic diagram of the mouse model subcutaneously implanted with CT26 cells into balb/c mice. Mice were randomized to receive vehicle, RSL3 (80 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection, three times per week), BAY 87-2243 (3 mg/kg, oral gavage, daily), or combination treatment when tumor size reached 50-80 mm 3 . Control mice were treated with the vehicle. (B) Photograph of tumors at experimental endpoint. (C) The tumor growth curve was shown. Tumor size was monitored by micrometer caliper measurement. P values were calculated by two-way ANOVA between the indicated groups. ∗ P < 0.05. (D and E) Tumor weight and body weight were measured at the experimental endpoint, respectively. P values were calculated by unpaired Student's t -test. ∗ P < 0.05; ns: not significant. (F) Representative images of H&E staining (left) and immunohistochemical staining (right). Scale bar: 50 μm. (G) Quantification of positive Ki67 cells in each group. P value was calculated by unpaired Student's t -test. ∗ P < 0.05. (H) 4-HNE expression in tumor tissues by western blotting. P values were calculated by unpaired Student's t -test. ∗∗ P < 0.01; ns: not significant. (I) Schematic diagram of liver metastatic model by intrasplenic injection with CT26. (J-L) Bioluminescent images (J), liver weight (K), and body weight (L) in the liver metastatic model at endpoint. P values were calculated by unpaired Student's t -test. ∗∗ P < 0.01; ns: not significant. (M) Representative images of immunostaining in the liver metastatic model at the endpoint. Scale bar: 50 μm. P values were calculated by unpaired Student's t -test. ∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, cells were treated with RSL3 (Aladdin, cat# R302648), Erastin (TargetMol, cat# T1765), or BAY 87-2243 (TargetMol, cat# T2488) for 48 h. Then, cells were incubated with 10 % CCK-8 for 3 h. Absorbance at 450 nm was measured using a microplate reader.

Techniques: Inhibition, In Vivo, Injection, Control, Staining, Immunohistochemical staining, Expressing, Western Blot, Immunostaining

Journal: Redox Biology

Article Title: Targeting HIF-1α promotes ferroptosis and boosts antitumor immunity in MSS colorectal cancer

doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104151

Figure Lengend Snippet: Single-cell sequencing illustrated that targeting HIF-1α improved RSL3 therapeutic efficiency through reversing the tumor immune suppression microenvironment. (A) Gene expression heatmap of different populations detected in the liver metastatic section from all treatment groups. (B) t-SNE visualization of all populations (up) and each treatment group (down). DCs: dendritic cells; Reg-MAC: regulated macrophage; M2-MAC: M2-like macrophage; myCAFs: myofibroblastic cancer-associated fibroblasts. (C) Frequency of each cluster across all groups. (D) The proportion of the indicated cluster in all treatment groups. (E) The distribution of selected genes was analyzed in the M2-MAC cluster by Student's t -test. ∗∗∗∗ P < 0.0001; ns: not significant. (F) Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of M2-MAC. (G) Representative images of immunohistochemical staining in tumor tissue from the subcutaneous mouse model. P values were calculated by unpaired Student's t -test. ∗ P < 0.05; ∗∗ P < 0.01. (H) Representative images of immunohistochemical staining in tumor tissue from the liver metastasis mouse model. P values were calculated by unpaired Student's t -test. ∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, cells were treated with RSL3 (Aladdin, cat# R302648), Erastin (TargetMol, cat# T1765), or BAY 87-2243 (TargetMol, cat# T2488) for 48 h. Then, cells were incubated with 10 % CCK-8 for 3 h. Absorbance at 450 nm was measured using a microplate reader.

Techniques: Single Cell, Sequencing, Gene Expression, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining

Journal: Redox Biology

Article Title: Copper deprivation reprograms antioxidant defense to suppress ferroptosis via SLC7A11

doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104130

Figure Lengend Snippet: Copper deprivation induced by SLC31A1 knockdown attenuates ferroptosis. ( A ) Cell viability of AsPC-1 cells treated with different doses of RSL3, ML162, ML210, or erastin in NC and SLC31A1 knockdown AsPC-1 cells. ( B ) Cell viability of AsPC-1 cells treated with different doses of CDDP, staurosporine, paclitaxel, bortezomib, JTC-801, or elesclomol-Cu in NC and SLC31A1 knockdown AsPC-1 cells. ( C-E ) Propidium iodide (PI) staining of NC and SLC31A1 knockdown AsPC-1 (C), MiaPaCa-2 (D), and CFPAC-1 (E) cells treated with RSL3 at the indicated concentrations in the presence or absence of ferroptosis inhibitors (ferrostatin-1/Fer-1, 5 μM or desferrioxamine/DFO, 20 μM) for 6 h. Quantification of PI-positive cells was shown. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. ( F ) Lipid peroxidation of NC and SLC31A1 knockdown AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 (0.25 μM) for 2 h. (G) Transmission electron microscopy of NC and SLC31A1 knockdown AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 (2.5 μM). Scale bar: 2 μm or 500 nm. ( H ) Confocal imaging of Cu-probe and Mito-tracker in the NC and SLC31A1 knockdown (shRNA#2) AsPC-1 cells transfected with a blank vector or a vector encoding SLC31A1. Hoechst (blue) is used as a nuclear counterstain. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. Scale bar: 2 μm. ( I ) Western blot analysis of lysates from NC and SLC31A1 knockdown (shRNA#2) AsPC-1 cells transfected with a blank vector or a vector encoding SLC31A1. ( J ) Cell viability of NC and SLC31A1 knockdown (shRNA#2) AsPC-1 cells transfected with a blank vector or a vector encoding SLC31A1, followed by treatment with different doses of RSL3 or erastin. ( K ) PI staining of NC and SLC31A1 knockdown (shRNA#2) AsPC-1 cells transfected with a blank vector or a vector encoding SLC31A1, followed by treatment with RSL3 at the indicated concentrations in the presence or absence of Fer-1 (5 μM) or DFO (20 μM) for 6 h. Quantification of PI-positive cells was shown. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. ( L ) Western blot analysis of lysates from SLC31A1 knockdown (shRNA#2) AsPC-1 cells transfected with a blank vector or SLC31A1 WT or SLC31A1 M154A plasmid. ( M ) PI staining of SLC31A1 knockdown (shRNA#2) AsPC-1 cells transfected with a blank vector or SLC31A1 WT or SLC31A1 M154A plasmid, followed by treatment with RSL3 at the indicated concentrations in the presence or absence of Fer-1 (5 μM) or DFO (20 μM) for 6 h. Quantification of PI-positive cells was shown. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test.

Article Snippet: RSL3 , Selleck Chemicals , S8155.

Techniques: Knockdown, Staining, Transmission Assay, Electron Microscopy, Imaging, shRNA, Transfection, Plasmid Preparation, Western Blot

Journal: Redox Biology

Article Title: Copper deprivation reprograms antioxidant defense to suppress ferroptosis via SLC7A11

doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104130

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pharmacological induction of copper deprivation upregulates SLC7A11 and suppresses ferroptosis. ( A ) Western blot analysis of lysates from AsPC-1 cells treated with the indicated concentrations of TM for 24 h. ( B ) SLC7A11 mRNA level in AsPC-1 cells treated with TM at the indicated concentrations for 24 h. ( C ) Western blot analysis of lysates from AsPC-1 cells treated with TEPA at the indicated concentrations for 24 h. ( D ) SLC7A11 mRNA level in AsPC-1 cells treated with TEPA at the indicated concentrations for 24 h. ( E ) GSH level in the AsPC-1 cells treated with TM (50 μM) or TEPA (1 mM) for 24 h. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a one-way ANOVA test. ( F ) Cystine uptake level in the AsPC-1 cells treated with TM (50 μM) or TEPA (1 mM) for 24 h. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a one-way ANOVA test. ( G ) Cell viability of PDAC cells treated with RSL3 in the presence or absence of TM (50 μM) or TEPA (1 mM) for 24 h. ( H-J ) Propidium iodide (PI) staining of AsPC-1 (H), MiaPaCa-2 (I), and CFPAC-1 (J) cells treated with RSL3 at the indicated concentrations in the presence or absence of TM (50 μM) or TEPA (1 mM) with or without Fer-1 (5 μM) or DFO (20 μM) for 6 h. Quantification of PI-positive cells was shown. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. ( K ) Lipid peroxidation of AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 (0.25 μM) in the presence or absence of TM (50 μM) or TEPA (1 mM) for 2 h. ( L ) Cell viability of KYSE-410, NCI–H1666, SW579, or OS-RC-2 cells treated with RSL3 at the indicated concentrations in the presence or absence of TM (50 μM) for 12 h.

Article Snippet: RSL3 , Selleck Chemicals , S8155.

Techniques: Western Blot, Staining

Journal: Redox Biology

Article Title: Copper deprivation reprograms antioxidant defense to suppress ferroptosis via SLC7A11

doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104130

Figure Lengend Snippet: SLC7A11 is essential for copper deprivation-mediated ferroptosis resistance. ( A ) NC and SLC31A1 knockdown (shRNA#2) AsPC-1 cells were transfected with non-targeting scrambled siRNA (siNC), SLC7A11 siRNA (siSLC7A11). Western blot analysis of lysates from the indicated AsPC-1 cells. ( B ) AsPC-1 cells were transfected with non-targeting scrambled siRNA (siNC) or SLC7A11 siRNA (siSLC7A11). Western blot analysis of lysates from the indicated AsPC-1 cells treated with or without TM (50 μM) for 24 h. ( C ) NC and SLC31A1 knockdown (shRNA#2) AsPC-1 cells were transfected with non-targeting scrambled siRNA (siNC) or SLC7A11 siRNA (siSLC7A11). Propidium iodide (PI) staining of the indicated AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 at the indicated concentrations in the presence or absence of Fer-1 (5 μM) or DFO (20 μM) for 6 h. Quantification of PI-positive cells was shown. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. ( D ) AsPC-1 cells were transfected with non-targeting scrambled siRNA (siNC) or SLC7A11 siRNA (siSLC7A11). PI staining of the indicated AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 at the indicated concentrations in the presence or absence of TM (50 μM) with or without Fer-1 (5 μM) or DFO (20 μM) for 6 h. Quantification of PI-positive cells was shown. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. ( E ) NC and SLC31A1 knockdown AsPC-1 cells were transfected with non-targeting scrambled siRNA (siNC) or SLC7A11 siRNA (siSLC7A11). Lipid peroxidation of the AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 (0.25 μM) for 2 h. ( F ) AsPC-1 cells were transfected with non-targeting scrambled siRNA (siNC) or SLC7A11 siRNA (siSLC7A11). Lipid peroxidation of the indicated AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 (0.25 μM) in the presence or absence of TM (50 μM) for 2 h. ( G ) PI staining of the NC and SLC31A1 knockdown AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 at the indicated concentrations in the presence or absence of BSO (500 μM) with or without Fer-1 (5 μM) or DFO (20 μM) for 6 h. Quantification of PI-positive cells was shown. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. ( H ) PI staining images of the indicated AsPC-1 cells treated with or without BSO (500 μM) plus TM sulfate (50 μM) with RSL3 at the indicated concentrations with or without Fer-1 (5 μM) or DFO (20 μM) for 6 h. Quantification of PI-positive cells was shown. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test.

Article Snippet: RSL3 , Selleck Chemicals , S8155.

Techniques: Knockdown, shRNA, Transfection, Western Blot, Staining

Journal: Redox Biology

Article Title: Copper deprivation reprograms antioxidant defense to suppress ferroptosis via SLC7A11

doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104130

Figure Lengend Snippet: SLC7A11 is essential for copper deprivation-mediated ferroptosis resistance. ( A ) Vector or flag-SLC7A11 overexpressed AsPC-1 cells were transfected with non-targeting scrambled siRNA (siNC) or SLC7A11 siRNA (siSLC7A11). Western blot analysis of lysates from the indicated AsPC-1 cells. ( B ) AsPC-1 cells were transfected with a vector or a plasmid encoding Flag-SLC7A11 and then treated with TM (50 μM) for 24h. Western blot analysis of lysates from the indicated AsPC-1 cells. ( C ) NC and SLC31A1 knockdown (shRNA#2) AsPC-1 cells were transfected with non-targeting scrambled siRNA (siNC) or SLC7A11 siRNA (siSLC7A11) with or without transfection with a blank vector or a vector encoding SLC7A11. PI staining of indicated AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 (0.25 μM) in the presence or absence of Fer-1 (2.5 μM) or DFO (20 μM) for 6 h. Quantification of PI-positive cells was shown. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. Scale bar: 50 μm. ( D ) AsPC-1 cells were transfected with non-targeting scrambled siRNA (siNC) or SLC7A11 siRNA (siSLC7A11) with or without transfection with a blank vector or a vector encoding SLC7A11. PI staining images of indicated AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 (0.25 μM) or TM (50 μM) in the presence or absence of Fer-1 (2.5 μM) or DFO (20 μM) for 6 h. Quantification of PI-positive cells was shown. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. Scale bar: 50 μm.

Article Snippet: RSL3 , Selleck Chemicals , S8155.

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation, Transfection, Western Blot, Knockdown, shRNA, Staining

Journal: Redox Biology

Article Title: Copper deprivation reprograms antioxidant defense to suppress ferroptosis via SLC7A11

doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104130

Figure Lengend Snippet: Copper deprivation inhibits ferroptosis by the activation of AMPK. ( A ) NC and SLC31A1 knockdown (shRNA#2) AsPC-1 cells were transfected with non-targeting scrambled siRNA (siNC) or AMPK siRNA (siAMPKα1/2). Propidium iodide (PI) staining images of the indicated AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 at the indicated concentrations for 6 h. Quantification of PI-positive cells was shown. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. ( B ) AsPC-1 cells were transfected with non-targeting scrambled siRNA (siNC) or AMPK siRNA (siAMPKα1/2). PI staining images of the indicated AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 at the indicated concentrations in the presence or absence of TM (50 μM) for 6 h. Quantification of PI-positive cells was shown. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. ( C ) PI staining of the NC and SLC31A1 knockdown AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 at the indicated concentrations in the presence or absence of Compound C (10 μM) for 6 h. Quantification of PI-positive cells was shown. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. Scale bar: 50 μm.

Article Snippet: RSL3 , Selleck Chemicals , S8155.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Knockdown, shRNA, Transfection, Staining

Journal: Redox Biology

Article Title: Copper deprivation reprograms antioxidant defense to suppress ferroptosis via SLC7A11

doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104130

Figure Lengend Snippet: Copper deprivation inhibits ferroptosis by the activation of AMPK-NRF2-SLC7A11 pathway. ( A ) NC and SLC31A1 knockdown AsPC-1 cells were transfected with non-targeting scrambled shRNA (shNC) or NRF2 shRNA#2 (shNRF2). PI staining images of the indicated AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 at the indicated concentrations for 6 h. Quantification of PI-positive cells was shown. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. Scale bar: 50 μm. ( B ) AsPC-1 cells were transfected with non-targeting scrambled shRNA (shNC) or NRF2 shRNA (shNRF2). PI staining images of the indicated AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 at the indicated concentrations in the presence or absence of TM (50 μM) for 6 h. Quantification of PI-positive cells was shown. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. Scale bar: 50 μm. ( C ) SLC31A1 knockdown AsPC-1 cells were transfected with non-targeting scrambled shRNA (shNC) or NRF2 shRNA#2 (shNRF2). Lipid peroxidation of the indicated AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 (0.25 μM) for 2 h. ( D ) AsPC-1 cells were transfected with non-targeting scrambled shRNA (shNC) or NRF2 shRNA (shNRF2). Lipid peroxidation of the indicated AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 (0.25 μM) in the presence or absence of TM (50 μM) for 2 h. ( E ) PI staining images of the NC and SLC31A1 knockdown AsPC-1 cells treated with RSL3 at the indicated concentrations in the presence or absence of ML385 (5 μM) for 6 h. Quantification of PI-positive cells was shown. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. Scale bar: 50 μm. ( F ) PI staining of SLC31A1 knockdown (shRNA#2) and NRF2 knockdown (shRNA#2) AsPC-1 cells transfected with a blank vector or NRF2 WT or NRF2 S558A plasmid, followed by treatment with RSL3 at the indicated concentrations for 6 h. Quantification of PI-positive cells was shown. Mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. Scale bar: 50 μm.

Article Snippet: RSL3 , Selleck Chemicals , S8155.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Knockdown, Transfection, shRNA, Staining, Plasmid Preparation

Journal: Redox Biology

Article Title: Copper deprivation reprograms antioxidant defense to suppress ferroptosis via SLC7A11

doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104130

Figure Lengend Snippet: SLC31A1 knockdown inhibits ferroptosis in vivo . ( A-D ) Subcutaneous growth of NC and SLC31A1 knockdown AsPC-1 xenografts in nude mice (n = 8) treated with RSL3 (5 mg/kg, i.p., once every other day). ( A ) Tumor growth curves of NC and SLC31A1 knockdown AsPC-1 xenografts in nude mice treated with the indicated agents. Representative images of tumors and tumor weight were shown ( B ). Data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 8 mice per group; Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. ( C ) Total copper content in the tumor sections. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test. ( D and E ) Immunohistochemical staining and relative staining intensity of the indicated proteins in the tumor sections. CC3, cleaved caspase 3. Scale bar: 20 μm. Statistical significance was determined using a two-way ANOVA test.

Article Snippet: RSL3 , Selleck Chemicals , S8155.

Techniques: Knockdown, In Vivo, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining

Journal: Molecular Biology Reports

Article Title: miR-495-3p promotes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by activating ferroptosis in lung epithelial cells through regulation of the ETS1/GPX4 axis

doi: 10.1007/s11033-026-11820-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibition of GPX4 expression attenuates the inhibitory effect of miR-495-3p knockdown on CSE-induced ferroptosis in pulmonary epithelial cells

Article Snippet: In addition to CS + miR-495-3p antagomir treatment, mice in this group received daily intraperitoneal injections of the GPX4 inhibitor RSL3 (HY-100218 A; MedChemExpress, USA) at a dosage of 5 mg/kg [ ].

Techniques: Inhibition, Expressing, Knockdown

Journal: Molecular Biology Reports

Article Title: miR-495-3p promotes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by activating ferroptosis in lung epithelial cells through regulation of the ETS1/GPX4 axis

doi: 10.1007/s11033-026-11820-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: miR-495-3p inhibits GPX4 transcription by targeting ETS1

Article Snippet: In addition to CS + miR-495-3p antagomir treatment, mice in this group received daily intraperitoneal injections of the GPX4 inhibitor RSL3 (HY-100218 A; MedChemExpress, USA) at a dosage of 5 mg/kg [ ].

Techniques:

Journal: Molecular Biology Reports

Article Title: miR-495-3p promotes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by activating ferroptosis in lung epithelial cells through regulation of the ETS1/GPX4 axis

doi: 10.1007/s11033-026-11820-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Knockdown of miR-495-3p inhibits ferroptosis and alleviates COPD progression in mice by activating the ETS1/GPX4 pathway

Article Snippet: In addition to CS + miR-495-3p antagomir treatment, mice in this group received daily intraperitoneal injections of the GPX4 inhibitor RSL3 (HY-100218 A; MedChemExpress, USA) at a dosage of 5 mg/kg [ ].

Techniques: Knockdown