crandall rees feline kidney crfk cells  (ATCC)

Journal: ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science

Article Title: Repurposing FDA-Approved Drugs as Potential Inhibitors of Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus 3CL pro : An Integrated In Silico and In Vitro Study with Synergistic Combination Analysis

doi: 10.1021/acsptsci.6c00016

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antiviral activity of selected drugs against FIPV in CRFK cells. (A) Dose-dependent antiviral effects of the drugs were assessed by cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction, visualized with crystal violet staining and immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA). The scale bar represents 200 μm. (B) EC 50 values were calculated from dose–response curves generated from both IPMA and RT-qPCR data, respectively. Data are presented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test, comparing treated groups to the untreated control. Exact p -values are displayed above the bars.

Article Snippet: Crandall–Rees feline kidney (CRFK) cells (ATCC, CCL-94) were maintained in MEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM l -glutamine, and antibiotics.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Staining, Generated, Quantitative RT-PCR, Control

Journal: ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science

Article Title: Repurposing FDA-Approved Drugs as Potential Inhibitors of Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus 3CL pro : An Integrated In Silico and In Vitro Study with Synergistic Combination Analysis

doi: 10.1021/acsptsci.6c00016

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIPV 3CL pro inhibition by candidate drugs in CRFK cells. (A) Dose-dependent inhibition of FIPV 3CL pro activity by gliquidone, lumacaftor, and saquinavir was measured at 16–18 h post-transfection using the intracellular protease assay. (B) Data are presented as the mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Statistical significance compared to the untreated control was determined by one-way ANOVA. Exact p -values are displayed above the bars.

Article Snippet: Crandall–Rees feline kidney (CRFK) cells (ATCC, CCL-94) were maintained in MEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM l -glutamine, and antibiotics.

Techniques: Inhibition, Activity Assay, Transfection, Protease Assay, Control

Journal: Virulence

Article Title: Isolation and characterization of a red panda amdoparvovirus causing fatal respiratory disease: Identification of VP2-S447 as a key determinant of acute lung injury

doi: 10.1080/21505594.2026.2658906

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Cytopathic effects (CPE) in CRFK cells following RpAPV-Gd1 inoculation. (A) Normal morphology of CRFK cells after 24 h of culture. (B) Normal morphology after 48 h of culture. (C) CPE observed at 24 h post-infection. (D) Pronounced CPE at 48 h post-infection. (B) Transmission electron microscopy showing virions in RpAPV-Gd1–infected CRFK cell cultures. (C) Growth kinetics of the RpAPV-Gd1 strain in CRFK cells ( n = 3). (D) Viral titers in supernatants from different RpAPV-Gd1–infected cell lines. Supernatants were collected at 60 h post-infection and titrated on CRFK cells using the 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID 50 ) assay. Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 3). (E) Immunofluorescence staining of RpAPV-Gd1 in different cell lines. Cells were infected with RpAPV-Gd1 and fixed at 60 h post-infection. Viral antigens were detected using rabbit polyclonal antibodies against RpAPV VP2. VP2-positive signals are shown in green.

Article Snippet: Filtrates were inoculated onto confluent monolayers of Crandell-Rees Feline Kidney (CRFK) cells (ATCC® CCL-94TM), which were pre-cultured in MEM with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) at 37°C under 5% CO 2 .

Techniques: Infection, Transmission Assay, Electron Microscopy, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: Virulence

Article Title: Isolation and characterization of a red panda amdoparvovirus causing fatal respiratory disease: Identification of VP2-S447 as a key determinant of acute lung injury

doi: 10.1080/21505594.2026.2658906

Figure Lengend Snippet: Replication capacity and inflammatory responses of VP2 mutant RpAPV-Gd1 strains. (A-C) Comparative analysis of inflammatory cytokine expression in mice infected with different VP2 mutant strains on days 2, 4, and 6 post-infection. (D) Growth curves of VP2 mutant viruses in CRFK cells. (E) Viral loads detected in nasal swabs collected six days after inoculation with mutant strains. Each group contained two mice, and each sample was tested in triplicate. (F) Comparison of viral loads in different tissues from the last mouse to die in each mutant virus group. Data are presented as means ± SD. Statistical significance was evaluated using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post-hoc test ((* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001; ns. not labeled; n = 3).

Article Snippet: Filtrates were inoculated onto confluent monolayers of Crandell-Rees Feline Kidney (CRFK) cells (ATCC® CCL-94TM), which were pre-cultured in MEM with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) at 37°C under 5% CO 2 .

Techniques: Mutagenesis, Expressing, Infection, Comparison, Virus, Labeling