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cnp  (Tocris)


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    Structured Review

    Tocris cnp
    (A) Protocol: VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs were kept in maturation medium for 2 weeks and then transduced for 6 days with lentivirus expressing YFP-tagged VASH1-WT, VASH1-7E or VASH1-7A each in combination with SVBP. (B) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1 and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of VASH1/GAPDH in the 3 conditions (N/d=6/1). (C) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1, dTyr-tub, Tyr-tub and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of dTyr-tub/GAPDH and Tyr-tub/GAPDH in non-transduced VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs or transduced with YFP-VASH1-WT in combination with SVBP (N/d=6/1). (D) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1, dTyr-tub, Tyr-tub and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of dTyr-tub/GAPDH and Tyr-tub/GAPDH in VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs transduced with YFP-VASH1-7E or YFP-VASH1-7A in combination with SVBP (N/d=6/1). (E) Proposed model of regulation of VASH1 activity downstream of the action of sac. Sac inhibits neprilysin that would otherwise degrade the natriuretic <t>peptides</t> <t>ANP,</t> BNP and <t>CNP.</t> Through this inhibition, these natriuretic peptides can bind their respective receptors, which leads to the intracellular production of cGMP. Increased amounts of intracellular cGMP would then activate PRKG1A and thereby phosphorylate different targets, including VASH1. Eventually, phosphorylation of VASH1 reduces the binding of VASH1 to microtubules and tubulin detyrosination. Data are expressed as mean±SEM. Statistical significance was assessed with the one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons tests (panel B) or unpaired Student’s t -test (panels C and D). Abbreviations: ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; cGMP, guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate; CNP, C-type natriuretic peptide; dTyr-tub, detyrosinated tubulin; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GTP, guanosine triphosphate; hiPSC-CMs, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes; KO, knock-out; MW, molecular weight marker; N/d, number of wells/differentiations; NPRA, natriuretic peptide receptor 1; NPRB, natriuretic peptide receptor 2; P, phosphorylated; pGC, particulate guanylate cyclase; PRKG1A, cGMP-dependent protein kinase G1 alpha; Tyr-tub, tyrosinated tubulin; VASH1, vasohibin 1; VASH1-7A, non-phosphorylatable VASH1 with 7 alanine residues; VASH1-7E, VASH1 phosphomimic with 7 glutamate residues; WT, wild-type.
    Cnp, supplied by Tocris, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 8 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/cnp/C-type+natriuretic+peptide+(1-22)+(human%2C+rat%2C+swine)/bio_rxiv__64898__2026__03__13__711248-170-23-24
    Average 94 stars, based on 8 article reviews
    cnp - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    94/100 stars

    Images

    1) Product Images from "Neprilysin inhibition reduces microtubule detyrosination in cardiomyocytes through a cGMP-PRKG1-VASH1 axis"

    Article Title: Neprilysin inhibition reduces microtubule detyrosination in cardiomyocytes through a cGMP-PRKG1-VASH1 axis

    Journal: bioRxiv

    doi: 10.64898/2026.03.13.711248

    (A) Protocol: VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs were kept in maturation medium for 2 weeks and then transduced for 6 days with lentivirus expressing YFP-tagged VASH1-WT, VASH1-7E or VASH1-7A each in combination with SVBP. (B) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1 and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of VASH1/GAPDH in the 3 conditions (N/d=6/1). (C) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1, dTyr-tub, Tyr-tub and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of dTyr-tub/GAPDH and Tyr-tub/GAPDH in non-transduced VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs or transduced with YFP-VASH1-WT in combination with SVBP (N/d=6/1). (D) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1, dTyr-tub, Tyr-tub and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of dTyr-tub/GAPDH and Tyr-tub/GAPDH in VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs transduced with YFP-VASH1-7E or YFP-VASH1-7A in combination with SVBP (N/d=6/1). (E) Proposed model of regulation of VASH1 activity downstream of the action of sac. Sac inhibits neprilysin that would otherwise degrade the natriuretic peptides ANP, BNP and CNP. Through this inhibition, these natriuretic peptides can bind their respective receptors, which leads to the intracellular production of cGMP. Increased amounts of intracellular cGMP would then activate PRKG1A and thereby phosphorylate different targets, including VASH1. Eventually, phosphorylation of VASH1 reduces the binding of VASH1 to microtubules and tubulin detyrosination. Data are expressed as mean±SEM. Statistical significance was assessed with the one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons tests (panel B) or unpaired Student’s t -test (panels C and D). Abbreviations: ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; cGMP, guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate; CNP, C-type natriuretic peptide; dTyr-tub, detyrosinated tubulin; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GTP, guanosine triphosphate; hiPSC-CMs, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes; KO, knock-out; MW, molecular weight marker; N/d, number of wells/differentiations; NPRA, natriuretic peptide receptor 1; NPRB, natriuretic peptide receptor 2; P, phosphorylated; pGC, particulate guanylate cyclase; PRKG1A, cGMP-dependent protein kinase G1 alpha; Tyr-tub, tyrosinated tubulin; VASH1, vasohibin 1; VASH1-7A, non-phosphorylatable VASH1 with 7 alanine residues; VASH1-7E, VASH1 phosphomimic with 7 glutamate residues; WT, wild-type.
    Figure Legend Snippet: (A) Protocol: VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs were kept in maturation medium for 2 weeks and then transduced for 6 days with lentivirus expressing YFP-tagged VASH1-WT, VASH1-7E or VASH1-7A each in combination with SVBP. (B) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1 and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of VASH1/GAPDH in the 3 conditions (N/d=6/1). (C) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1, dTyr-tub, Tyr-tub and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of dTyr-tub/GAPDH and Tyr-tub/GAPDH in non-transduced VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs or transduced with YFP-VASH1-WT in combination with SVBP (N/d=6/1). (D) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1, dTyr-tub, Tyr-tub and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of dTyr-tub/GAPDH and Tyr-tub/GAPDH in VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs transduced with YFP-VASH1-7E or YFP-VASH1-7A in combination with SVBP (N/d=6/1). (E) Proposed model of regulation of VASH1 activity downstream of the action of sac. Sac inhibits neprilysin that would otherwise degrade the natriuretic peptides ANP, BNP and CNP. Through this inhibition, these natriuretic peptides can bind their respective receptors, which leads to the intracellular production of cGMP. Increased amounts of intracellular cGMP would then activate PRKG1A and thereby phosphorylate different targets, including VASH1. Eventually, phosphorylation of VASH1 reduces the binding of VASH1 to microtubules and tubulin detyrosination. Data are expressed as mean±SEM. Statistical significance was assessed with the one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons tests (panel B) or unpaired Student’s t -test (panels C and D). Abbreviations: ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; cGMP, guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate; CNP, C-type natriuretic peptide; dTyr-tub, detyrosinated tubulin; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GTP, guanosine triphosphate; hiPSC-CMs, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes; KO, knock-out; MW, molecular weight marker; N/d, number of wells/differentiations; NPRA, natriuretic peptide receptor 1; NPRB, natriuretic peptide receptor 2; P, phosphorylated; pGC, particulate guanylate cyclase; PRKG1A, cGMP-dependent protein kinase G1 alpha; Tyr-tub, tyrosinated tubulin; VASH1, vasohibin 1; VASH1-7A, non-phosphorylatable VASH1 with 7 alanine residues; VASH1-7E, VASH1 phosphomimic with 7 glutamate residues; WT, wild-type.

    Techniques Used: Expressing, Western Blot, Staining, Control, Transduction, Activity Assay, Inhibition, Phospho-proteomics, Binding Assay, Derivative Assay, Knock-Out, Molecular Weight, Marker

    Related Articles

    Cell Culture:

    Article Title: Capacitation IVM improves cumulus function and oocyte quality in minimally stimulated mice
    Article Snippet: .. For pre-IVM, immature COCs were cultured at 37 °C, 5% CO 2 in humidified air in bicarbonate buffered αMEM (Gibco) supplemented with 3 mg/ml fatty acid-free BSA (CellMaxx, MP Biomedical, New Zealand), 50 μg/ml gentamicin, 1 mg/ml fetuin, 2.5 mIU/ml recombinant human FSH (Puregon; Organon, Oss, The Netherlands), 5 ng/ml insulin, 10 nM oestradiol, and 25 nM CNP (Tocris Bioscience, Abingdon, UK) [ 9 ]. ..

    Recombinant:

    Article Title: Capacitation IVM improves cumulus function and oocyte quality in minimally stimulated mice
    Article Snippet: .. For pre-IVM, immature COCs were cultured at 37 °C, 5% CO 2 in humidified air in bicarbonate buffered αMEM (Gibco) supplemented with 3 mg/ml fatty acid-free BSA (CellMaxx, MP Biomedical, New Zealand), 50 μg/ml gentamicin, 1 mg/ml fetuin, 2.5 mIU/ml recombinant human FSH (Puregon; Organon, Oss, The Netherlands), 5 ng/ml insulin, 10 nM oestradiol, and 25 nM CNP (Tocris Bioscience, Abingdon, UK) [ 9 ]. ..

    Article Title: DNA methylation and mRNA expression of imprinted genes in blastocysts derived from an improved in vitro maturation method for oocytes from small antral follicles in polycystic ovary syndrome patients.
    Article Snippet: COCs were retrieved 42 h after the last HP-hMG injection and collected in human tubal fluid supplemented with 50 μM 3-isobutyl1-methylxanthine (IBMX) (Sigma, Schnelldorf, Germany) and heparin at 20 IU/ml. .. After collection, COCs were washed and transferred to a four-well dish, containing CAPA medium (IVM System, Medicult, Origio) supplemented with 1 mIU/ml recombinant FSH (Puregon MSD, Australia), 5 ng/ml insulin (Roche, Mannheim, Germany), 10 nM estradiol (E2) (Sigma; Schnelldorf, Germany), 10 mg/ml human serum albumin (Vitrolife, Göteborg, Sweden) and 25 nM CNP (Tocris Bioscience; Bristol, UK). ..

    Article Title: CAPA-IVM improves the cytoplasmic quality of in vitro-matured oocytes from unstimulated mice.
    Article Snippet: .. Immature COCs were washed three times and then transferred into prewarmed pre-IVM medium (bicarbonate-buffered α-MEM supplemented with 3 mg/BSA, 1 mg/ml fetuin, 50 μg/ml gentamicin, 5 ng/ml insulin, 2.5 mIU/ml recombinant human FSH (Puregon, Organon, Oss, The Netherlands), 10 nM estradiol, and 25 nM CNP (Tocris Bioscience, Abingdon, UK)) [insulin and FSH were used to stimulate gap junctions formation, allowing passage of molecules between the cumulus cells and the oocyte [25,26]; estradiol was used to promote the expression of NPR2, the cognate receptor of CNP, in cumulus cells in vitro [27]]. .. The COCs were cultured in 500 μl of pre-IVM medium at 37 ◦C under 5% CO2 in humidified air for 24 h. Following pre-IVM culture, the COCs were washed thoroughly and transferred into IVM medium (bicarbonate-buffered α-MEM supplemented with 3 mg/ml BSA, 1 mg/ml fetuin, 50 μg/ml gentamicin, 2.5 mIU/ml recombinant human FSH, 50 ng/ml recombinant mouse epiregulin (mEREG, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), and 50 ng/ml recombinant mouse amphiregulin (mAREG, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA)) [mEREG and mAREG were used to induce meiotic resumption and FSH was used to induce EGFR functionally in cumulus cells to enhance the responsiveness of COCs to EGF peptides [28]].

    Article Title: Nuclear and cytoplasmic quality of oocytes derived from serum-free culture of secondary follicles in vitro.
    Article Snippet: Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China Shanxi Province Reproductive Science Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA Fertility Preservation Lab, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China

    Aqueous Normal-phase Chromatography:

    Article Title: Neprilysin inhibition reduces microtubule detyrosination in cardiomyocytes through a cGMP-PRKG1-VASH1 axis
    Article Snippet: .. Cells were treated with 100 nM ET1 (Sigma Aldrich, 05-23-3800) alone or in combination with 40 μM sac (Sigma Aldrich, SML2064), 100 nM CNP (Tocris, 3520), or varying concentrations of ANP (Tocris, 1906), or RP8 (Tocris, 3028) at indicated concentrations. ..

    Article Title: Finding a reliable assay for soluble neprilysin.
    Article Snippet: .. The assay was also evaluated for interference by known NEP peptide substrates – ANP 1-28 (Tocris Cat #1906/1), BNP 1-32 (Tocris Cat #3522), CNP 1-22 (Tocris Cat #3520), endothelin-1 (ET-1, Tocris Cat #1160) and Substance P (SP, Tocris Cat #1156). ..

    Saline:

    Article Title: 3D doppler ultrasound imaging of cerebral blood flow for assessment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in mice
    Article Snippet: .. After sedated, droplets of 4 ul saline or saline containing 1000 ng CNP (1–22, #3520, Tocris) were delivered into each naris using a fine tip. ..

    Expressing:

    Article Title: CAPA-IVM improves the cytoplasmic quality of in vitro-matured oocytes from unstimulated mice.
    Article Snippet: .. Immature COCs were washed three times and then transferred into prewarmed pre-IVM medium (bicarbonate-buffered α-MEM supplemented with 3 mg/BSA, 1 mg/ml fetuin, 50 μg/ml gentamicin, 5 ng/ml insulin, 2.5 mIU/ml recombinant human FSH (Puregon, Organon, Oss, The Netherlands), 10 nM estradiol, and 25 nM CNP (Tocris Bioscience, Abingdon, UK)) [insulin and FSH were used to stimulate gap junctions formation, allowing passage of molecules between the cumulus cells and the oocyte [25,26]; estradiol was used to promote the expression of NPR2, the cognate receptor of CNP, in cumulus cells in vitro [27]]. .. The COCs were cultured in 500 μl of pre-IVM medium at 37 ◦C under 5% CO2 in humidified air for 24 h. Following pre-IVM culture, the COCs were washed thoroughly and transferred into IVM medium (bicarbonate-buffered α-MEM supplemented with 3 mg/ml BSA, 1 mg/ml fetuin, 50 μg/ml gentamicin, 2.5 mIU/ml recombinant human FSH, 50 ng/ml recombinant mouse epiregulin (mEREG, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), and 50 ng/ml recombinant mouse amphiregulin (mAREG, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA)) [mEREG and mAREG were used to induce meiotic resumption and FSH was used to induce EGFR functionally in cumulus cells to enhance the responsiveness of COCs to EGF peptides [28]].

    In Vitro:

    Article Title: CAPA-IVM improves the cytoplasmic quality of in vitro-matured oocytes from unstimulated mice.
    Article Snippet: .. Immature COCs were washed three times and then transferred into prewarmed pre-IVM medium (bicarbonate-buffered α-MEM supplemented with 3 mg/BSA, 1 mg/ml fetuin, 50 μg/ml gentamicin, 5 ng/ml insulin, 2.5 mIU/ml recombinant human FSH (Puregon, Organon, Oss, The Netherlands), 10 nM estradiol, and 25 nM CNP (Tocris Bioscience, Abingdon, UK)) [insulin and FSH were used to stimulate gap junctions formation, allowing passage of molecules between the cumulus cells and the oocyte [25,26]; estradiol was used to promote the expression of NPR2, the cognate receptor of CNP, in cumulus cells in vitro [27]]. .. The COCs were cultured in 500 μl of pre-IVM medium at 37 ◦C under 5% CO2 in humidified air for 24 h. Following pre-IVM culture, the COCs were washed thoroughly and transferred into IVM medium (bicarbonate-buffered α-MEM supplemented with 3 mg/ml BSA, 1 mg/ml fetuin, 50 μg/ml gentamicin, 2.5 mIU/ml recombinant human FSH, 50 ng/ml recombinant mouse epiregulin (mEREG, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), and 50 ng/ml recombinant mouse amphiregulin (mAREG, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA)) [mEREG and mAREG were used to induce meiotic resumption and FSH was used to induce EGFR functionally in cumulus cells to enhance the responsiveness of COCs to EGF peptides [28]].



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    cnp  (Tocris)
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    (A) Protocol: VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs were kept in maturation medium for 2 weeks and then transduced for 6 days with lentivirus expressing YFP-tagged VASH1-WT, VASH1-7E or VASH1-7A each in combination with SVBP. (B) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1 and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of VASH1/GAPDH in the 3 conditions (N/d=6/1). (C) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1, dTyr-tub, Tyr-tub and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of dTyr-tub/GAPDH and Tyr-tub/GAPDH in non-transduced VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs or transduced with YFP-VASH1-WT in combination with SVBP (N/d=6/1). (D) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1, dTyr-tub, Tyr-tub and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of dTyr-tub/GAPDH and Tyr-tub/GAPDH in VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs transduced with YFP-VASH1-7E or YFP-VASH1-7A in combination with SVBP (N/d=6/1). (E) Proposed model of regulation of VASH1 activity downstream of the action of sac. Sac inhibits neprilysin that would otherwise degrade the natriuretic <t>peptides</t> <t>ANP,</t> BNP and <t>CNP.</t> Through this inhibition, these natriuretic peptides can bind their respective receptors, which leads to the intracellular production of cGMP. Increased amounts of intracellular cGMP would then activate PRKG1A and thereby phosphorylate different targets, including VASH1. Eventually, phosphorylation of VASH1 reduces the binding of VASH1 to microtubules and tubulin detyrosination. Data are expressed as mean±SEM. Statistical significance was assessed with the one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons tests (panel B) or unpaired Student’s t -test (panels C and D). Abbreviations: ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; cGMP, guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate; CNP, C-type natriuretic peptide; dTyr-tub, detyrosinated tubulin; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GTP, guanosine triphosphate; hiPSC-CMs, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes; KO, knock-out; MW, molecular weight marker; N/d, number of wells/differentiations; NPRA, natriuretic peptide receptor 1; NPRB, natriuretic peptide receptor 2; P, phosphorylated; pGC, particulate guanylate cyclase; PRKG1A, cGMP-dependent protein kinase G1 alpha; Tyr-tub, tyrosinated tubulin; VASH1, vasohibin 1; VASH1-7A, non-phosphorylatable VASH1 with 7 alanine residues; VASH1-7E, VASH1 phosphomimic with 7 glutamate residues; WT, wild-type.
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    (A) Protocol: VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs were kept in maturation medium for 2 weeks and then transduced for 6 days with lentivirus expressing YFP-tagged VASH1-WT, VASH1-7E or VASH1-7A each in combination with SVBP. (B) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1 and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of VASH1/GAPDH in the 3 conditions (N/d=6/1). (C) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1, dTyr-tub, Tyr-tub and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of dTyr-tub/GAPDH and Tyr-tub/GAPDH in non-transduced VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs or transduced with YFP-VASH1-WT in combination with SVBP (N/d=6/1). (D) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1, dTyr-tub, Tyr-tub and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of dTyr-tub/GAPDH and Tyr-tub/GAPDH in VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs transduced with YFP-VASH1-7E or YFP-VASH1-7A in combination with SVBP (N/d=6/1). (E) Proposed model of regulation of VASH1 activity downstream of the action of sac. Sac inhibits neprilysin that would otherwise degrade the natriuretic <t>peptides</t> <t>ANP,</t> BNP and <t>CNP.</t> Through this inhibition, these natriuretic peptides can bind their respective receptors, which leads to the intracellular production of cGMP. Increased amounts of intracellular cGMP would then activate PRKG1A and thereby phosphorylate different targets, including VASH1. Eventually, phosphorylation of VASH1 reduces the binding of VASH1 to microtubules and tubulin detyrosination. Data are expressed as mean±SEM. Statistical significance was assessed with the one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons tests (panel B) or unpaired Student’s t -test (panels C and D). Abbreviations: ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; cGMP, guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate; CNP, C-type natriuretic peptide; dTyr-tub, detyrosinated tubulin; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GTP, guanosine triphosphate; hiPSC-CMs, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes; KO, knock-out; MW, molecular weight marker; N/d, number of wells/differentiations; NPRA, natriuretic peptide receptor 1; NPRB, natriuretic peptide receptor 2; P, phosphorylated; pGC, particulate guanylate cyclase; PRKG1A, cGMP-dependent protein kinase G1 alpha; Tyr-tub, tyrosinated tubulin; VASH1, vasohibin 1; VASH1-7A, non-phosphorylatable VASH1 with 7 alanine residues; VASH1-7E, VASH1 phosphomimic with 7 glutamate residues; WT, wild-type.
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    (A) Protocol: VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs were kept in maturation medium for 2 weeks and then transduced for 6 days with lentivirus expressing YFP-tagged VASH1-WT, VASH1-7E or VASH1-7A each in combination with SVBP. (B) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1 and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of VASH1/GAPDH in the 3 conditions (N/d=6/1). (C) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1, dTyr-tub, Tyr-tub and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of dTyr-tub/GAPDH and Tyr-tub/GAPDH in non-transduced VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs or transduced with YFP-VASH1-WT in combination with SVBP (N/d=6/1). (D) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1, dTyr-tub, Tyr-tub and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of dTyr-tub/GAPDH and Tyr-tub/GAPDH in VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs transduced with YFP-VASH1-7E or YFP-VASH1-7A in combination with SVBP (N/d=6/1). (E) Proposed model of regulation of VASH1 activity downstream of the action of sac. Sac inhibits neprilysin that would otherwise degrade the natriuretic peptides ANP, BNP and CNP. Through this inhibition, these natriuretic peptides can bind their respective receptors, which leads to the intracellular production of cGMP. Increased amounts of intracellular cGMP would then activate PRKG1A and thereby phosphorylate different targets, including VASH1. Eventually, phosphorylation of VASH1 reduces the binding of VASH1 to microtubules and tubulin detyrosination. Data are expressed as mean±SEM. Statistical significance was assessed with the one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons tests (panel B) or unpaired Student’s t -test (panels C and D). Abbreviations: ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; cGMP, guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate; CNP, C-type natriuretic peptide; dTyr-tub, detyrosinated tubulin; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GTP, guanosine triphosphate; hiPSC-CMs, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes; KO, knock-out; MW, molecular weight marker; N/d, number of wells/differentiations; NPRA, natriuretic peptide receptor 1; NPRB, natriuretic peptide receptor 2; P, phosphorylated; pGC, particulate guanylate cyclase; PRKG1A, cGMP-dependent protein kinase G1 alpha; Tyr-tub, tyrosinated tubulin; VASH1, vasohibin 1; VASH1-7A, non-phosphorylatable VASH1 with 7 alanine residues; VASH1-7E, VASH1 phosphomimic with 7 glutamate residues; WT, wild-type.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Neprilysin inhibition reduces microtubule detyrosination in cardiomyocytes through a cGMP-PRKG1-VASH1 axis

    doi: 10.64898/2026.03.13.711248

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Protocol: VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs were kept in maturation medium for 2 weeks and then transduced for 6 days with lentivirus expressing YFP-tagged VASH1-WT, VASH1-7E or VASH1-7A each in combination with SVBP. (B) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1 and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of VASH1/GAPDH in the 3 conditions (N/d=6/1). (C) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1, dTyr-tub, Tyr-tub and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of dTyr-tub/GAPDH and Tyr-tub/GAPDH in non-transduced VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs or transduced with YFP-VASH1-WT in combination with SVBP (N/d=6/1). (D) Representative Western blot of crude hiPSC-CM protein lysates stained for YFP-VASH1, dTyr-tub, Tyr-tub and GAPDH (loading control) and quantification of dTyr-tub/GAPDH and Tyr-tub/GAPDH in VASH1-KO hiPSC-CMs transduced with YFP-VASH1-7E or YFP-VASH1-7A in combination with SVBP (N/d=6/1). (E) Proposed model of regulation of VASH1 activity downstream of the action of sac. Sac inhibits neprilysin that would otherwise degrade the natriuretic peptides ANP, BNP and CNP. Through this inhibition, these natriuretic peptides can bind their respective receptors, which leads to the intracellular production of cGMP. Increased amounts of intracellular cGMP would then activate PRKG1A and thereby phosphorylate different targets, including VASH1. Eventually, phosphorylation of VASH1 reduces the binding of VASH1 to microtubules and tubulin detyrosination. Data are expressed as mean±SEM. Statistical significance was assessed with the one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons tests (panel B) or unpaired Student’s t -test (panels C and D). Abbreviations: ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; cGMP, guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate; CNP, C-type natriuretic peptide; dTyr-tub, detyrosinated tubulin; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GTP, guanosine triphosphate; hiPSC-CMs, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes; KO, knock-out; MW, molecular weight marker; N/d, number of wells/differentiations; NPRA, natriuretic peptide receptor 1; NPRB, natriuretic peptide receptor 2; P, phosphorylated; pGC, particulate guanylate cyclase; PRKG1A, cGMP-dependent protein kinase G1 alpha; Tyr-tub, tyrosinated tubulin; VASH1, vasohibin 1; VASH1-7A, non-phosphorylatable VASH1 with 7 alanine residues; VASH1-7E, VASH1 phosphomimic with 7 glutamate residues; WT, wild-type.

    Article Snippet: Cells were treated with 100 nM ET1 (Sigma Aldrich, 05-23-3800) alone or in combination with 40 μM sac (Sigma Aldrich, SML2064), 100 nM CNP (Tocris, 3520), or varying concentrations of ANP (Tocris, 1906), or RP8 (Tocris, 3028) at indicated concentrations.

    Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Staining, Control, Transduction, Activity Assay, Inhibition, Phospho-proteomics, Binding Assay, Derivative Assay, Knock-Out, Molecular Weight, Marker