Journal: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
Article Title: Sodium Butyrate Ameliorated Bile Acid Metabolism in Diabetes Mellitus by PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway via the Gut–Liver Axis
doi: 10.3390/cimb47090732
Figure Lengend Snippet: NaB ameliorated high glucose- and LPS-induced damage in CaCo 2 cells. ( A ) Insulin, ( B ) LPS, and ( C ) sodium butyrate (NaB) concentration-dependently inhibited CaCo 2 cell viability, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, vs. control, n = 3. Immunofluorescence assays for ( D ) GPR43, ( E ) GLUT2, and ( F ) insulin receptor (IR) under a laser scanning confocal microscope and ( G – J ) relative fluorescence intensity were determined. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, vs. Ins + LPS, n = 3.
Article Snippet: Primary antibodies against GPR43 (bs-13536R), PTPN6 (bs-4158R), GATA4 (bs-1778R), GLUT2 (bs-0351R), Insulin Receptor (bs-0681R), PI3K (bs-10657R), and p-PI3K (bs-6417R) were obtained from Bioss (Peking, China).
Techniques: Concentration Assay, Control, Immunofluorescence, Microscopy, Fluorescence