Journal: Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology
Article Title: Exosomes in Psoriasis: From Pathogenic Mechanisms to Therapeutic Innovations
doi: 10.2147/CCID.S606845
Figure Lengend Snippet: Exosome-mediated pathogenic mechanisms in psoriasis. Activated keratinocytes and immune cells release exosomes carrying diverse bioactive molecules, driving pathogenesis through three core pathways: 1) Adaptive immune dysregulation: Keratinocyte-derived exosomes deliver regulatory non-coding RNAs to CD4 + T cells, programming their differentiation into pro-inflammatory Th1/Th17 subsets. 2) Innate immune amplification: Exosome-mediated crosstalk between keratinocytes and neutrophils establishes a positive inflammatory feedback loop, promoting macrophage M1 polarization, neutrophil extracellular trap formation, and sustained keratinocyte hyperactivation. 3) Tissue remodeling: Exosomal cargo disrupts cytoskeletal dynamics and extracellular matrix homeostasis in resident skin cells, driving epidermal hyperplasia and dermal disorganization. Red arrows pointing upward indicate upregulation, while red arrows pointing downward indicate downregulation. In this figure, red upward arrows (↑) indicate upregulation or activation, red downward arrows (↓) indicate downregulation or inhibition, and black arrows (→) denote the direction of processes or interactions without implying quantitative change.
Article Snippet: 2) Innate immune amplification: Exosome-mediated crosstalk between keratinocytes and neutrophils establishes a positive inflammatory feedback loop, promoting macrophage M1 polarization, neutrophil extracellular trap formation, and sustained keratinocyte hyperactivation.
Techniques: Derivative Assay, Amplification, Activation Assay, Inhibition
