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aml12  (ATCC)


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    ATCC aml12
    Aml12, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 98/100, based on 1657 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/aml12/AML12/custom%40crl-2254%4042733240
    Average 98 stars, based on 1657 article reviews
    aml12 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    98/100 stars

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    Related Articles

    Cell Culture:

    Article Title: CFTR-driven immune microenvironment reprogramming synergizes with anti-PD-L1 antibody in hepatocellular carcinoma.
    Article Snippet: .. Cell Culture and Transfection The HL7702, HepG2, MHCC97L, MHCC97H, AML12, Hepa1-6, THP-1, RAW264.7 cell lines were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and were grown in RPMI 1640/ DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (penicillinstreptomycin, Gibco, USA) at 37 °C in a 5% CO2 incubator. .. HBLV-hCFTRshRNA-ZsGreen-PURO, control plasmid HBLV-ZsGreen-PURO were purchased from Wanze Bio (Shenyang, China). hCFTRGV492, hCFTR-CV146 / mCFTR-CV146and the control plasmid (Ctrl-GV492 and Ctrl-CV146) were purchased from Genechem (Shanghai, China).

    Article Title: SUCNR1 coordinates metabolic flux, mitochondrial function, and nutrient-dependent adaptation in hepatocytes.
    Article Snippet: Conditioned medium was centrifuged at 400g for 5 min to remove cell remnants and tested for glucose concentration using the Glucose Assay Kit (ab65333, Abcam), and cells were used for protein extraction, quantification, and normalization of results. .. AML12 and THLE- 2 cell culture AML12 cells, which are hepatocytes isolated from the normal liver of a 3- month- old mouse, were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (CRL- 2254, ATCC) and were cultured in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C with DMEM/F12 medium (31330- 038, Gibco) supplemented with 10% FBS (SH30071.03, Cytiva), 1% antibiotic/antimycotic solution (SV30079.01, Cytiva), dexamethasone (40 ng/ml; D2915- 100MG, Sigma- Aldrich), 1% insulin- transferrinsodium selenite media (3146- 5ML, Sigma- Aldrich) and 0.1% plasmocyn (ant- mpt, InvivoGen). .. Human THLE- 2 cells (ATCC CRL- 2706) were purchased from ATCC and cultured in Bronchial Epithelial Basal Medium (BEBM) (CC- 3171, Lonza) supplemented with bovine pituitary extract (BPE) (CC- 4009F, Lonza), insulin (CC- 4021F, Lonza), hydrocortisone (CC4031F, Lonza), retinoic acid (CC- 4085F, Lonza), transferrin (CC4205F, Lonza), triiodothyronine (CC- 4211F, Lonza), hEGF (CC- 4230F, Lonza), epidermal growth factor (6 ng/ml; 354052, Corning), phosphoethanolamine (80 ng/ml; P- 0503- 1G, Sigma- Aldrich), 1% antibiotic/ antimycotic solution (SV30079.01, Cytiva), and 10% FBS (SH30071.03, Cytiva) in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C in precoated flasks.

    Article Title: A unimolecular GLP-1 and FGF21 dual agonist for treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.
    Article Snippet: Phosphorylated ERK1/2 values were normalized to total ERK1/2, and the resulting dose-response data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8 software (GraphPad Software, La Jolla, CA) to derive EC50 values via a three-parameter logistic fit. .. Assessment of GEF for Hepatocyte Proliferation: AML12 (RRID: CVCL_0140) cells—a healthy murine hepatocyte cell line—were purchased from ATCC for the in vitro proliferation assay and cultured as per supplier’s instructions. ..

    Transfection:

    Article Title: CFTR-driven immune microenvironment reprogramming synergizes with anti-PD-L1 antibody in hepatocellular carcinoma.
    Article Snippet: .. Cell Culture and Transfection The HL7702, HepG2, MHCC97L, MHCC97H, AML12, Hepa1-6, THP-1, RAW264.7 cell lines were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and were grown in RPMI 1640/ DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (penicillinstreptomycin, Gibco, USA) at 37 °C in a 5% CO2 incubator. .. HBLV-hCFTRshRNA-ZsGreen-PURO, control plasmid HBLV-ZsGreen-PURO were purchased from Wanze Bio (Shenyang, China). hCFTRGV492, hCFTR-CV146 / mCFTR-CV146and the control plasmid (Ctrl-GV492 and Ctrl-CV146) were purchased from Genechem (Shanghai, China).

    Isolation:

    Article Title: SUCNR1 coordinates metabolic flux, mitochondrial function, and nutrient-dependent adaptation in hepatocytes.
    Article Snippet: Conditioned medium was centrifuged at 400g for 5 min to remove cell remnants and tested for glucose concentration using the Glucose Assay Kit (ab65333, Abcam), and cells were used for protein extraction, quantification, and normalization of results. .. AML12 and THLE- 2 cell culture AML12 cells, which are hepatocytes isolated from the normal liver of a 3- month- old mouse, were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (CRL- 2254, ATCC) and were cultured in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C with DMEM/F12 medium (31330- 038, Gibco) supplemented with 10% FBS (SH30071.03, Cytiva), 1% antibiotic/antimycotic solution (SV30079.01, Cytiva), dexamethasone (40 ng/ml; D2915- 100MG, Sigma- Aldrich), 1% insulin- transferrinsodium selenite media (3146- 5ML, Sigma- Aldrich) and 0.1% plasmocyn (ant- mpt, InvivoGen). .. Human THLE- 2 cells (ATCC CRL- 2706) were purchased from ATCC and cultured in Bronchial Epithelial Basal Medium (BEBM) (CC- 3171, Lonza) supplemented with bovine pituitary extract (BPE) (CC- 4009F, Lonza), insulin (CC- 4021F, Lonza), hydrocortisone (CC4031F, Lonza), retinoic acid (CC- 4085F, Lonza), transferrin (CC4205F, Lonza), triiodothyronine (CC- 4211F, Lonza), hEGF (CC- 4230F, Lonza), epidermal growth factor (6 ng/ml; 354052, Corning), phosphoethanolamine (80 ng/ml; P- 0503- 1G, Sigma- Aldrich), 1% antibiotic/ antimycotic solution (SV30079.01, Cytiva), and 10% FBS (SH30071.03, Cytiva) in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C in precoated flasks.

    Article Title: A biomimetic nanodisc system selectively activates type I interferons by nonclassical STING pathway for cancer immunotherapy.
    Article Snippet: .. The culture medium used for DCs (ATCC, CRL-11904), T cells (Isolated from mouse spleens and lymph nodes), THP1 (ATCC, TIB-202), MC38 (ATCC, CRL-2639), H22 (CAS Cell Bank, SCSP-5519), and AML12 (ATCC, CRL-2254) was RPMI-1640 (PM150110, Pricella), supplemented with 10 fetal bovine serum (BC-SE-FBS01C, BioChannel), 100 U ml-1 penicillin (15140122, Invitrogen) and 100 g ml-1 penicillin-streptomycin (15140122, Invitrogen). .. The culture medium used for 293T (ATCC, CRL-3216) and 293T-STING cells was Dulbecco′s AR TI CL E IN P RE SS Modified Eagle Medium (PM150210, Pricella) supplemented with 10 fetal bovine serum, 100 U ml-1 penicillin, and 100 g ml-1 streptomycin.

    In Vitro:

    Article Title: A unimolecular GLP-1 and FGF21 dual agonist for treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.
    Article Snippet: Phosphorylated ERK1/2 values were normalized to total ERK1/2, and the resulting dose-response data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8 software (GraphPad Software, La Jolla, CA) to derive EC50 values via a three-parameter logistic fit. .. Assessment of GEF for Hepatocyte Proliferation: AML12 (RRID: CVCL_0140) cells—a healthy murine hepatocyte cell line—were purchased from ATCC for the in vitro proliferation assay and cultured as per supplier’s instructions. ..

    Proliferation Assay:

    Article Title: A unimolecular GLP-1 and FGF21 dual agonist for treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.
    Article Snippet: Phosphorylated ERK1/2 values were normalized to total ERK1/2, and the resulting dose-response data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8 software (GraphPad Software, La Jolla, CA) to derive EC50 values via a three-parameter logistic fit. .. Assessment of GEF for Hepatocyte Proliferation: AML12 (RRID: CVCL_0140) cells—a healthy murine hepatocyte cell line—were purchased from ATCC for the in vitro proliferation assay and cultured as per supplier’s instructions. ..



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    Hepatic CD36 was elevated in patients with PBC and PSC, and CD36 displayed abnormally robust diurnal expression in mice with cholestatic liver injury. (A) Schematic representation of the study design for the clinical and animal experiments. The figure was created via BioRender.com. (B) Representative images of liver tissue subjected to immunohistochemistry staining (IHC) for CD36 in normal controls (NCs), PBC patients, and PSC patients. Scale bars: 100 or 500 μm. (C) Western blotting analysis of CD36 expression in the livers of NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (D) Relative quantification of CD36 protein expression in livers from NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (E) mRNA expression levels of CD36 in the livers from NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (F) Linear regression analysis of the correlations between hepatic CD36 mRNA expression and serum ALP, GGT, TBA, and TBIL levels. (G) mRNA expression levels of CD36 in the livers of SHAM and BDL mice ( n = 4 per time point per group) over a 24 h period. (H) Diurnal CD36 protein expression levels from Western blotting analysis of liver tissues from the SHAM and BDL mice ( n = 3 per time point per group). (I) Relative quantification of CD36 protein diurnal expression in liver tissues from the SHAM and BDL mice. (J) Double immunofluorescence staining for CD36 (green) and ALB (red) in the SHAM and BDL mice. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 100 μm. (K) Double immunofluorescence staining for CD36 (green) and CK19 (red) in the SHAM and BDL mice. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 100 μm. (L) Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis of CD36 mRNA levels in HepG2 and <t>AML12</t> cells cultured for 6 h with cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and deoxycholic acid (DCA) at the indicated doses ( n = 6). All the data were presented as mean ± SEM. Group comparisons were performed via two-way ANOVA. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001 versus the control group. ZT0 refers to the beginning of the subjective circadian period (6:00 a.m.). The black bars indicate the dark phase from 6:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. PBC, primary biliary cholangitis; PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; TBA, total bile acids; TBIL, total bilirubin; BDL, bile duct ligation; ALB, albumin; CD36, cluster of differentiation 36.
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    Hepatic CD36 was elevated in patients with PBC and PSC, and CD36 displayed abnormally robust diurnal expression in mice with cholestatic liver injury. (A) Schematic representation of the study design for the clinical and animal experiments. The figure was created via BioRender.com. (B) Representative images of liver tissue subjected to immunohistochemistry staining (IHC) for CD36 in normal controls (NCs), PBC patients, and PSC patients. Scale bars: 100 or 500 μm. (C) Western blotting analysis of CD36 expression in the livers of NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (D) Relative quantification of CD36 protein expression in livers from NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (E) mRNA expression levels of CD36 in the livers from NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (F) Linear regression analysis of the correlations between hepatic CD36 mRNA expression and serum ALP, GGT, TBA, and TBIL levels. (G) mRNA expression levels of CD36 in the livers of SHAM and BDL mice ( n = 4 per time point per group) over a 24 h period. (H) Diurnal CD36 protein expression levels from Western blotting analysis of liver tissues from the SHAM and BDL mice ( n = 3 per time point per group). (I) Relative quantification of CD36 protein diurnal expression in liver tissues from the SHAM and BDL mice. (J) Double immunofluorescence staining for CD36 (green) and ALB (red) in the SHAM and BDL mice. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 100 μm. (K) Double immunofluorescence staining for CD36 (green) and CK19 (red) in the SHAM and BDL mice. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 100 μm. (L) Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis of CD36 mRNA levels in HepG2 and <t>AML12</t> cells cultured for 6 h with cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and deoxycholic acid (DCA) at the indicated doses ( n = 6). All the data were presented as mean ± SEM. Group comparisons were performed via two-way ANOVA. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001 versus the control group. ZT0 refers to the beginning of the subjective circadian period (6:00 a.m.). The black bars indicate the dark phase from 6:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. PBC, primary biliary cholangitis; PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; TBA, total bile acids; TBIL, total bilirubin; BDL, bile duct ligation; ALB, albumin; CD36, cluster of differentiation 36.
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    Hepatic CD36 was elevated in patients with PBC and PSC, and CD36 displayed abnormally robust diurnal expression in mice with cholestatic liver injury. (A) Schematic representation of the study design for the clinical and animal experiments. The figure was created via BioRender.com. (B) Representative images of liver tissue subjected to immunohistochemistry staining (IHC) for CD36 in normal controls (NCs), PBC patients, and PSC patients. Scale bars: 100 or 500 μm. (C) Western blotting analysis of CD36 expression in the livers of NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (D) Relative quantification of CD36 protein expression in livers from NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (E) mRNA expression levels of CD36 in the livers from NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (F) Linear regression analysis of the correlations between hepatic CD36 mRNA expression and serum ALP, GGT, TBA, and TBIL levels. (G) mRNA expression levels of CD36 in the livers of SHAM and BDL mice ( n = 4 per time point per group) over a 24 h period. (H) Diurnal CD36 protein expression levels from Western blotting analysis of liver tissues from the SHAM and BDL mice ( n = 3 per time point per group). (I) Relative quantification of CD36 protein diurnal expression in liver tissues from the SHAM and BDL mice. (J) Double immunofluorescence staining for CD36 (green) and ALB (red) in the SHAM and BDL mice. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 100 μm. (K) Double immunofluorescence staining for CD36 (green) and CK19 (red) in the SHAM and BDL mice. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 100 μm. (L) Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis of CD36 mRNA levels in HepG2 and <t>AML12</t> cells cultured for 6 h with cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and deoxycholic acid (DCA) at the indicated doses ( n = 6). All the data were presented as mean ± SEM. Group comparisons were performed via two-way ANOVA. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001 versus the control group. ZT0 refers to the beginning of the subjective circadian period (6:00 a.m.). The black bars indicate the dark phase from 6:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. PBC, primary biliary cholangitis; PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; TBA, total bile acids; TBIL, total bilirubin; BDL, bile duct ligation; ALB, albumin; CD36, cluster of differentiation 36.
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    98
    ATCC aml12 murine hepatocytes
    Hepatic CD36 was elevated in patients with PBC and PSC, and CD36 displayed abnormally robust diurnal expression in mice with cholestatic liver injury. (A) Schematic representation of the study design for the clinical and animal experiments. The figure was created via BioRender.com. (B) Representative images of liver tissue subjected to immunohistochemistry staining (IHC) for CD36 in normal controls (NCs), PBC patients, and PSC patients. Scale bars: 100 or 500 μm. (C) Western blotting analysis of CD36 expression in the livers of NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (D) Relative quantification of CD36 protein expression in livers from NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (E) mRNA expression levels of CD36 in the livers from NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (F) Linear regression analysis of the correlations between hepatic CD36 mRNA expression and serum ALP, GGT, TBA, and TBIL levels. (G) mRNA expression levels of CD36 in the livers of SHAM and BDL mice ( n = 4 per time point per group) over a 24 h period. (H) Diurnal CD36 protein expression levels from Western blotting analysis of liver tissues from the SHAM and BDL mice ( n = 3 per time point per group). (I) Relative quantification of CD36 protein diurnal expression in liver tissues from the SHAM and BDL mice. (J) Double immunofluorescence staining for CD36 (green) and ALB (red) in the SHAM and BDL mice. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 100 μm. (K) Double immunofluorescence staining for CD36 (green) and CK19 (red) in the SHAM and BDL mice. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 100 μm. (L) Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis of CD36 mRNA levels in HepG2 and <t>AML12</t> cells cultured for 6 h with cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and deoxycholic acid (DCA) at the indicated doses ( n = 6). All the data were presented as mean ± SEM. Group comparisons were performed via two-way ANOVA. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001 versus the control group. ZT0 refers to the beginning of the subjective circadian period (6:00 a.m.). The black bars indicate the dark phase from 6:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. PBC, primary biliary cholangitis; PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; TBA, total bile acids; TBIL, total bilirubin; BDL, bile duct ligation; ALB, albumin; CD36, cluster of differentiation 36.
    Aml12 Murine Hepatocytes, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 98/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    aml 12  (ATCC)
    98
    ATCC aml 12
    Hepatic CD36 was elevated in patients with PBC and PSC, and CD36 displayed abnormally robust diurnal expression in mice with cholestatic liver injury. (A) Schematic representation of the study design for the clinical and animal experiments. The figure was created via BioRender.com. (B) Representative images of liver tissue subjected to immunohistochemistry staining (IHC) for CD36 in normal controls (NCs), PBC patients, and PSC patients. Scale bars: 100 or 500 μm. (C) Western blotting analysis of CD36 expression in the livers of NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (D) Relative quantification of CD36 protein expression in livers from NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (E) mRNA expression levels of CD36 in the livers from NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (F) Linear regression analysis of the correlations between hepatic CD36 mRNA expression and serum ALP, GGT, TBA, and TBIL levels. (G) mRNA expression levels of CD36 in the livers of SHAM and BDL mice ( n = 4 per time point per group) over a 24 h period. (H) Diurnal CD36 protein expression levels from Western blotting analysis of liver tissues from the SHAM and BDL mice ( n = 3 per time point per group). (I) Relative quantification of CD36 protein diurnal expression in liver tissues from the SHAM and BDL mice. (J) Double immunofluorescence staining for CD36 (green) and ALB (red) in the SHAM and BDL mice. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 100 μm. (K) Double immunofluorescence staining for CD36 (green) and CK19 (red) in the SHAM and BDL mice. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 100 μm. (L) Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis of CD36 mRNA levels in HepG2 and <t>AML12</t> cells cultured for 6 h with cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and deoxycholic acid (DCA) at the indicated doses ( n = 6). All the data were presented as mean ± SEM. Group comparisons were performed via two-way ANOVA. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001 versus the control group. ZT0 refers to the beginning of the subjective circadian period (6:00 a.m.). The black bars indicate the dark phase from 6:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. PBC, primary biliary cholangitis; PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; TBA, total bile acids; TBIL, total bilirubin; BDL, bile duct ligation; ALB, albumin; CD36, cluster of differentiation 36.
    Aml 12, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 98/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/aml12/AML12/pm42308604-230-14-25
    Average 98 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    aml 12 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    98/100 stars
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    Image Search Results


    Hepatic CD36 was elevated in patients with PBC and PSC, and CD36 displayed abnormally robust diurnal expression in mice with cholestatic liver injury. (A) Schematic representation of the study design for the clinical and animal experiments. The figure was created via BioRender.com. (B) Representative images of liver tissue subjected to immunohistochemistry staining (IHC) for CD36 in normal controls (NCs), PBC patients, and PSC patients. Scale bars: 100 or 500 μm. (C) Western blotting analysis of CD36 expression in the livers of NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (D) Relative quantification of CD36 protein expression in livers from NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (E) mRNA expression levels of CD36 in the livers from NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (F) Linear regression analysis of the correlations between hepatic CD36 mRNA expression and serum ALP, GGT, TBA, and TBIL levels. (G) mRNA expression levels of CD36 in the livers of SHAM and BDL mice ( n = 4 per time point per group) over a 24 h period. (H) Diurnal CD36 protein expression levels from Western blotting analysis of liver tissues from the SHAM and BDL mice ( n = 3 per time point per group). (I) Relative quantification of CD36 protein diurnal expression in liver tissues from the SHAM and BDL mice. (J) Double immunofluorescence staining for CD36 (green) and ALB (red) in the SHAM and BDL mice. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 100 μm. (K) Double immunofluorescence staining for CD36 (green) and CK19 (red) in the SHAM and BDL mice. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 100 μm. (L) Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis of CD36 mRNA levels in HepG2 and AML12 cells cultured for 6 h with cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and deoxycholic acid (DCA) at the indicated doses ( n = 6). All the data were presented as mean ± SEM. Group comparisons were performed via two-way ANOVA. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001 versus the control group. ZT0 refers to the beginning of the subjective circadian period (6:00 a.m.). The black bars indicate the dark phase from 6:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. PBC, primary biliary cholangitis; PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; TBA, total bile acids; TBIL, total bilirubin; BDL, bile duct ligation; ALB, albumin; CD36, cluster of differentiation 36.

    Journal: Genes & Diseases

    Article Title: Elevated diurnal CD36 expression disrupts the bile acid synthesis rhythm leading to cholestatic liver injury and inflammation via the HMGCR/CYP7A1 axis

    doi: 10.1016/j.gendis.2025.101776

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Hepatic CD36 was elevated in patients with PBC and PSC, and CD36 displayed abnormally robust diurnal expression in mice with cholestatic liver injury. (A) Schematic representation of the study design for the clinical and animal experiments. The figure was created via BioRender.com. (B) Representative images of liver tissue subjected to immunohistochemistry staining (IHC) for CD36 in normal controls (NCs), PBC patients, and PSC patients. Scale bars: 100 or 500 μm. (C) Western blotting analysis of CD36 expression in the livers of NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (D) Relative quantification of CD36 protein expression in livers from NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (E) mRNA expression levels of CD36 in the livers from NC ( n = 11), PBC ( n = 5), and PSC ( n = 6) patients. (F) Linear regression analysis of the correlations between hepatic CD36 mRNA expression and serum ALP, GGT, TBA, and TBIL levels. (G) mRNA expression levels of CD36 in the livers of SHAM and BDL mice ( n = 4 per time point per group) over a 24 h period. (H) Diurnal CD36 protein expression levels from Western blotting analysis of liver tissues from the SHAM and BDL mice ( n = 3 per time point per group). (I) Relative quantification of CD36 protein diurnal expression in liver tissues from the SHAM and BDL mice. (J) Double immunofluorescence staining for CD36 (green) and ALB (red) in the SHAM and BDL mice. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 100 μm. (K) Double immunofluorescence staining for CD36 (green) and CK19 (red) in the SHAM and BDL mice. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 100 μm. (L) Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis of CD36 mRNA levels in HepG2 and AML12 cells cultured for 6 h with cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and deoxycholic acid (DCA) at the indicated doses ( n = 6). All the data were presented as mean ± SEM. Group comparisons were performed via two-way ANOVA. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001 versus the control group. ZT0 refers to the beginning of the subjective circadian period (6:00 a.m.). The black bars indicate the dark phase from 6:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. PBC, primary biliary cholangitis; PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; TBA, total bile acids; TBIL, total bilirubin; BDL, bile duct ligation; ALB, albumin; CD36, cluster of differentiation 36.

    Article Snippet: HepG2 (ATCC, USA) and AML12 cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (HyClone, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 100 U/mL penicillin‒streptomycin at 37 °C in a humidified incubator containing 5% CO 2 .

    Techniques: Expressing, Immunohistochemistry, Staining, Western Blot, Quantitative Proteomics, Double Immunofluorescence Staining, Reverse Transcription, Cell Culture, Control, Ligation