Journal: Biochemical Journal
Article Title: Gα12 and Gα13 proteins are required for transforming growth factor-β-induced myofibroblast differentiation
doi: 10.1042/BCJ20240317
Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Representative images and quantification of western blot analyses of myofibroblast markers in human lung fibroblasts (HLF). HLF were serum-starved for 48 h and then treated with vehicle or 1 µg/ml cholera toxin (CTX), immediately followed by treatment with vehicle or 1 ng/ml TGF-β for additional 48 h, as indicated. HFL lysates were analyzed by western blotting using antibodies recognizing collagen 1A1 (Col1A1, A2), fibronectin (FN, A3) and smooth muscle α-actin (SMA, A4). The relative immunoreactivity values were normalized to the average signal of control samples. ( B ) RT-qPCR analysis of myofibroblast markers in HLF treated with vehicle, 1 µg/ml cholera toxin (CTX), and/or 1 ng/ml TGF-β (as in A ) for 24 h. mRNA levels of COL1A1 (B1), FN1 (B2), and ACTA2 (B3) were normalized within-the-sample to the levels of housekeeping ribosomal RPL13 mRNA and compared with an average expression in control samples. ( C ) Representative images and quantification of western blot analyses of Smad2/3 phosphorylation in HLF pretreated with vehicle or 1 µg/ml CTX for 2 h followed by 30-min exposure to vehicle or 1 ng/ml TGF-β. Cell lysates were analyzed by western blotting with antibodies recognizing Smad2/3 and their phosphorylated forms as indicated. pSmad/Smad ratios were quantified for Smad2 (C2) and Smad3 (C3). ( D ) Western blot analysis of PKA-dependent phosphorylation in HFL treated as in C . and then probed with antibody recognizing phosphorylated PKA substrates (representative of three experiments). Quantitation data in A–C are the mean values ± SD of four independent treatments per group. * P < 0.05, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001, one-way ANOVA with Tukey correction for multiple comparisons.
Article Snippet: The following antibodies for Western blotting were from Millipore-Sigma: SMA (A5228, 10,000×), β-actin (A5441, 10,000×), α-tubulin (T6074, 10,000×).
Techniques: Western Blot, Control, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Phospho-proteomics, Quantitation Assay