Journal: bioRxiv
Article Title: Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Endothelial Cells Drives Greater Vascular Impairment in Females with Diabetes-Associated Peripheral Artery Disease
doi: 10.1101/2025.09.22.677648
Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Schematic illustrating site of tissue collection from below- and above knee amputations. (B) Myography showing increased endothelial dysfunction in female vs male patient arteries. Left , endothelial-dependent relaxation in response to acetylcholine (ACh). Right , No difference in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC), sodium nitroprusside (SNP)- mediated relaxation (n=3-5). (C) Left, representative image of microvessels in tibialis anterior (CD31 + SMA + , yellow arrows). Laminin (myocytes, white), CD31 (ECs, red) and SMA (pericytes, green); scale bar 50 μm. Right , quantification (n=5/sex). (D) Myocyte area is unaltered with sex (n=5). (E) NADPH oxidase ( Nox ) mRNA marker expression in muscle measured by qPCR, normalized to β -actin (n=5). (F) 8-isoprostane levels in plasma remain unchanged with sex (n=5). Results are mean±SEM; two-way ANOVA, Student’s t -test or Mann–Whitney U -test; * P <0.05, ** P <0.01, *** P <0.001.
Article Snippet: Primary human male and female coronary artery ECs were purchased from American Type Culture Collection.
Techniques: Marker, Expressing, Clinical Proteomics, MANN-WHITNEY