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salmonella choleraesuis cvcc 2141  (ATCC)


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    ATCC salmonella choleraesuis cvcc 2141
    Effect of extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of five common pathogenic bacteria in pigs. (A-E) Extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Escherichia coli CVCC 198, Salmonella choleraesuis CVCC 2141, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ATCC 14028, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124. (i) Growth curves of bacteria in each group. CON: negative control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria), n = 3; PC: positive control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + ethyl acetate extract), n = 3; B: basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron . n = 6. (ii) Maximum growth rate of bacteria in each group. (iii) Duration of reaching the logarithmic growth period of bacteria in each group. (F) Membrane permeabilization assay of ETEC co-incubated with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron or other references. CON: ETEC growing in conventional culture medium, n = 6; B. thetaiotaomicron extract: ETEC growing in culture medium with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron , n = 6; Polymyxin: ETEC growing in culture medium with polymyxin, n = 6; CTAB: ETEC growing in culture medium with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, n = 6. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test was used to determine significant differences among multiple groups. ** P < 0.01; different superscript letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05.
    Salmonella Choleraesuis Cvcc 2141, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 29 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Average 94 stars, based on 29 article reviews
    salmonella choleraesuis cvcc 2141 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-02
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    1) Product Images from "Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron : A symbiotic ally against diarrhea along with modulation of gut microbial ecological networks via tryptophan metabolism and AHR-Nrf2 signaling"

    Article Title: Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron : A symbiotic ally against diarrhea along with modulation of gut microbial ecological networks via tryptophan metabolism and AHR-Nrf2 signaling

    Journal: Journal of Advanced Research

    doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2025.04.016

    Effect of extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of five common pathogenic bacteria in pigs. (A-E) Extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Escherichia coli CVCC 198, Salmonella choleraesuis CVCC 2141, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ATCC 14028, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124. (i) Growth curves of bacteria in each group. CON: negative control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria), n = 3; PC: positive control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + ethyl acetate extract), n = 3; B: basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron . n = 6. (ii) Maximum growth rate of bacteria in each group. (iii) Duration of reaching the logarithmic growth period of bacteria in each group. (F) Membrane permeabilization assay of ETEC co-incubated with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron or other references. CON: ETEC growing in conventional culture medium, n = 6; B. thetaiotaomicron extract: ETEC growing in culture medium with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron , n = 6; Polymyxin: ETEC growing in culture medium with polymyxin, n = 6; CTAB: ETEC growing in culture medium with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, n = 6. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test was used to determine significant differences among multiple groups. ** P < 0.01; different superscript letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Effect of extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of five common pathogenic bacteria in pigs. (A-E) Extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Escherichia coli CVCC 198, Salmonella choleraesuis CVCC 2141, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ATCC 14028, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124. (i) Growth curves of bacteria in each group. CON: negative control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria), n = 3; PC: positive control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + ethyl acetate extract), n = 3; B: basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron . n = 6. (ii) Maximum growth rate of bacteria in each group. (iii) Duration of reaching the logarithmic growth period of bacteria in each group. (F) Membrane permeabilization assay of ETEC co-incubated with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron or other references. CON: ETEC growing in conventional culture medium, n = 6; B. thetaiotaomicron extract: ETEC growing in culture medium with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron , n = 6; Polymyxin: ETEC growing in culture medium with polymyxin, n = 6; CTAB: ETEC growing in culture medium with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, n = 6. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test was used to determine significant differences among multiple groups. ** P < 0.01; different superscript letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05.

    Techniques Used: Bacteria, Negative Control, Positive Control, Membrane, Incubation



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    salmonella choleraesuis cvcc 2141  (ATCC)
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    ATCC salmonella choleraesuis cvcc 2141
    Effect of extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of five common pathogenic bacteria in pigs. (A-E) Extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Escherichia coli CVCC 198, Salmonella choleraesuis CVCC 2141, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ATCC 14028, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124. (i) Growth curves of bacteria in each group. CON: negative control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria), n = 3; PC: positive control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + ethyl acetate extract), n = 3; B: basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron . n = 6. (ii) Maximum growth rate of bacteria in each group. (iii) Duration of reaching the logarithmic growth period of bacteria in each group. (F) Membrane permeabilization assay of ETEC co-incubated with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron or other references. CON: ETEC growing in conventional culture medium, n = 6; B. thetaiotaomicron extract: ETEC growing in culture medium with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron , n = 6; Polymyxin: ETEC growing in culture medium with polymyxin, n = 6; CTAB: ETEC growing in culture medium with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, n = 6. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test was used to determine significant differences among multiple groups. ** P < 0.01; different superscript letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05.
    Salmonella Choleraesuis Cvcc 2141, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/salmonella choleraesuis cvcc 2141/product/ATCC
    Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
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    salmonella choleraesuis  (ATCC)
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    Effect of extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of five common pathogenic bacteria in pigs. (A-E) Extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Escherichia coli CVCC 198, <t>Salmonella</t> <t>choleraesuis</t> CVCC 2141, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ATCC 14028, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124. (i) Growth curves of bacteria in each group. CON: negative control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria), n = 3; PC: positive control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + ethyl acetate extract), n = 3; B: basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron . n = 6. (ii) Maximum growth rate of bacteria in each group. (iii) Duration of reaching the logarithmic growth period of bacteria in each group. (F) Membrane permeabilization assay of ETEC co-incubated with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron or other references. CON: ETEC growing in conventional culture medium, n = 6; B. thetaiotaomicron extract: ETEC growing in culture medium with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron , n = 6; Polymyxin: ETEC growing in culture medium with polymyxin, n = 6; CTAB: ETEC growing in culture medium with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, n = 6. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test was used to determine significant differences among multiple groups. ** P < 0.01; different superscript letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05.
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    21410 l2 none  (ATCC)
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    Effect of extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of five common pathogenic bacteria in pigs. (A-E) Extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Escherichia coli CVCC 198, <t>Salmonella</t> <t>choleraesuis</t> CVCC 2141, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ATCC 14028, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124. (i) Growth curves of bacteria in each group. CON: negative control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria), n = 3; PC: positive control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + ethyl acetate extract), n = 3; B: basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron . n = 6. (ii) Maximum growth rate of bacteria in each group. (iii) Duration of reaching the logarithmic growth period of bacteria in each group. (F) Membrane permeabilization assay of ETEC co-incubated with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron or other references. CON: ETEC growing in conventional culture medium, n = 6; B. thetaiotaomicron extract: ETEC growing in culture medium with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron , n = 6; Polymyxin: ETEC growing in culture medium with polymyxin, n = 6; CTAB: ETEC growing in culture medium with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, n = 6. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test was used to determine significant differences among multiple groups. ** P < 0.01; different superscript letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05.
    21410 L2 None, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    salmonella cholera  (ATCC)
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    Effect of extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of five common pathogenic bacteria in pigs. (A-E) Extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Escherichia coli CVCC 198, <t>Salmonella</t> <t>choleraesuis</t> CVCC 2141, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ATCC 14028, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124. (i) Growth curves of bacteria in each group. CON: negative control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria), n = 3; PC: positive control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + ethyl acetate extract), n = 3; B: basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron . n = 6. (ii) Maximum growth rate of bacteria in each group. (iii) Duration of reaching the logarithmic growth period of bacteria in each group. (F) Membrane permeabilization assay of ETEC co-incubated with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron or other references. CON: ETEC growing in conventional culture medium, n = 6; B. thetaiotaomicron extract: ETEC growing in culture medium with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron , n = 6; Polymyxin: ETEC growing in culture medium with polymyxin, n = 6; CTAB: ETEC growing in culture medium with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, n = 6. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test was used to determine significant differences among multiple groups. ** P < 0.01; different superscript letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05.
    Salmonella Cholera, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    ngp gift atcc rrid cvcl 2141 p53  (ATCC)
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    ATCC ngp gift atcc rrid cvcl 2141 p53
    Effect of extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of five common pathogenic bacteria in pigs. (A-E) Extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Escherichia coli CVCC 198, <t>Salmonella</t> <t>choleraesuis</t> CVCC 2141, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ATCC 14028, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124. (i) Growth curves of bacteria in each group. CON: negative control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria), n = 3; PC: positive control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + ethyl acetate extract), n = 3; B: basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron . n = 6. (ii) Maximum growth rate of bacteria in each group. (iii) Duration of reaching the logarithmic growth period of bacteria in each group. (F) Membrane permeabilization assay of ETEC co-incubated with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron or other references. CON: ETEC growing in conventional culture medium, n = 6; B. thetaiotaomicron extract: ETEC growing in culture medium with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron , n = 6; Polymyxin: ETEC growing in culture medium with polymyxin, n = 6; CTAB: ETEC growing in culture medium with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, n = 6. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test was used to determine significant differences among multiple groups. ** P < 0.01; different superscript letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05.
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    ATCC antihuman cd40 antibody 2141 v11
    Effect of extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of five common pathogenic bacteria in pigs. (A-E) Extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Escherichia coli CVCC 198, <t>Salmonella</t> <t>choleraesuis</t> CVCC 2141, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ATCC 14028, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124. (i) Growth curves of bacteria in each group. CON: negative control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria), n = 3; PC: positive control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + ethyl acetate extract), n = 3; B: basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron . n = 6. (ii) Maximum growth rate of bacteria in each group. (iii) Duration of reaching the logarithmic growth period of bacteria in each group. (F) Membrane permeabilization assay of ETEC co-incubated with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron or other references. CON: ETEC growing in conventional culture medium, n = 6; B. thetaiotaomicron extract: ETEC growing in culture medium with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron , n = 6; Polymyxin: ETEC growing in culture medium with polymyxin, n = 6; CTAB: ETEC growing in culture medium with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, n = 6. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test was used to determine significant differences among multiple groups. ** P < 0.01; different superscript letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05.
    Antihuman Cd40 Antibody 2141 V11, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    s aureus 2141 6 85 l monocytogenes egd  (ATCC)
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    ATCC s aureus 2141 6 85 l monocytogenes egd
    Effect of extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of five common pathogenic bacteria in pigs. (A-E) Extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Escherichia coli CVCC 198, <t>Salmonella</t> <t>choleraesuis</t> CVCC 2141, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ATCC 14028, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124. (i) Growth curves of bacteria in each group. CON: negative control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria), n = 3; PC: positive control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + ethyl acetate extract), n = 3; B: basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron . n = 6. (ii) Maximum growth rate of bacteria in each group. (iii) Duration of reaching the logarithmic growth period of bacteria in each group. (F) Membrane permeabilization assay of ETEC co-incubated with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron or other references. CON: ETEC growing in conventional culture medium, n = 6; B. thetaiotaomicron extract: ETEC growing in culture medium with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron , n = 6; Polymyxin: ETEC growing in culture medium with polymyxin, n = 6; CTAB: ETEC growing in culture medium with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, n = 6. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test was used to determine significant differences among multiple groups. ** P < 0.01; different superscript letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05.
    S Aureus 2141 6 85 L Monocytogenes Egd, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Effect of extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of five common pathogenic bacteria in pigs. (A-E) Extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Escherichia coli CVCC 198, Salmonella choleraesuis CVCC 2141, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ATCC 14028, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124. (i) Growth curves of bacteria in each group. CON: negative control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria), n = 3; PC: positive control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + ethyl acetate extract), n = 3; B: basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron . n = 6. (ii) Maximum growth rate of bacteria in each group. (iii) Duration of reaching the logarithmic growth period of bacteria in each group. (F) Membrane permeabilization assay of ETEC co-incubated with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron or other references. CON: ETEC growing in conventional culture medium, n = 6; B. thetaiotaomicron extract: ETEC growing in culture medium with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron , n = 6; Polymyxin: ETEC growing in culture medium with polymyxin, n = 6; CTAB: ETEC growing in culture medium with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, n = 6. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test was used to determine significant differences among multiple groups. ** P < 0.01; different superscript letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05.

    Journal: Journal of Advanced Research

    Article Title: Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron : A symbiotic ally against diarrhea along with modulation of gut microbial ecological networks via tryptophan metabolism and AHR-Nrf2 signaling

    doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2025.04.016

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of five common pathogenic bacteria in pigs. (A-E) Extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Escherichia coli CVCC 198, Salmonella choleraesuis CVCC 2141, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ATCC 14028, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124. (i) Growth curves of bacteria in each group. CON: negative control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria), n = 3; PC: positive control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + ethyl acetate extract), n = 3; B: basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron . n = 6. (ii) Maximum growth rate of bacteria in each group. (iii) Duration of reaching the logarithmic growth period of bacteria in each group. (F) Membrane permeabilization assay of ETEC co-incubated with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron or other references. CON: ETEC growing in conventional culture medium, n = 6; B. thetaiotaomicron extract: ETEC growing in culture medium with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron , n = 6; Polymyxin: ETEC growing in culture medium with polymyxin, n = 6; CTAB: ETEC growing in culture medium with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, n = 6. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test was used to determine significant differences among multiple groups. ** P < 0.01; different superscript letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05.

    Article Snippet: Effect of extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of five common pathogenic bacteria in pigs. (A-E) Extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Escherichia coli CVCC 198, Salmonella choleraesuis CVCC 2141, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ATCC 14028, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124. (i) Growth curves of bacteria in each group.

    Techniques: Bacteria, Negative Control, Positive Control, Membrane, Incubation

    Effect of extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of five common pathogenic bacteria in pigs. (A-E) Extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Escherichia coli CVCC 198, Salmonella choleraesuis CVCC 2141, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ATCC 14028, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124. (i) Growth curves of bacteria in each group. CON: negative control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria), n = 3; PC: positive control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + ethyl acetate extract), n = 3; B: basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron . n = 6. (ii) Maximum growth rate of bacteria in each group. (iii) Duration of reaching the logarithmic growth period of bacteria in each group. (F) Membrane permeabilization assay of ETEC co-incubated with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron or other references. CON: ETEC growing in conventional culture medium, n = 6; B. thetaiotaomicron extract: ETEC growing in culture medium with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron , n = 6; Polymyxin: ETEC growing in culture medium with polymyxin, n = 6; CTAB: ETEC growing in culture medium with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, n = 6. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test was used to determine significant differences among multiple groups. ** P < 0.01; different superscript letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05.

    Journal: Journal of Advanced Research

    Article Title: Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron : A symbiotic ally against diarrhea along with modulation of gut microbial ecological networks via tryptophan metabolism and AHR-Nrf2 signaling

    doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2025.04.016

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of five common pathogenic bacteria in pigs. (A-E) Extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron on the growth of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), Escherichia coli CVCC 198, Salmonella choleraesuis CVCC 2141, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ATCC 14028, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124. (i) Growth curves of bacteria in each group. CON: negative control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria), n = 3; PC: positive control (basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + ethyl acetate extract), n = 3; B: basal medium + pathogenic bacteria + extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron . n = 6. (ii) Maximum growth rate of bacteria in each group. (iii) Duration of reaching the logarithmic growth period of bacteria in each group. (F) Membrane permeabilization assay of ETEC co-incubated with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron or other references. CON: ETEC growing in conventional culture medium, n = 6; B. thetaiotaomicron extract: ETEC growing in culture medium with extracted metabolites of B. thetaiotaomicron , n = 6; Polymyxin: ETEC growing in culture medium with polymyxin, n = 6; CTAB: ETEC growing in culture medium with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, n = 6. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM. Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test was used to determine significant differences among multiple groups. ** P < 0.01; different superscript letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05.

    Article Snippet: Escherichia coli (CVCC 198, pig origin), Salmonella choleraesuis (CVCC 2141, pig origin) and Clostridium perfringens (ATCC 13124) causing gas gangrene were donated by dsm-firmenich Research Center of Animal Nutrition and Health.

    Techniques: Bacteria, Negative Control, Positive Control, Membrane, Incubation