bovine pituitary extract  (PromoCell)

Journal: Biomedicines

Article Title: Thermal Water Reduces the Inflammatory Process Induced by the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in Human Airway Epithelial Cells In Vitro

doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12122917

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of thermal water on cytokine production in human nasal epithelial primary cells (HNEpCs). The cells were treated with increasing percentages of thermal water (H 2 O). Cell viability was then evaluated after 24 h ( a ). Cells were stimulated (or not) for 24 h with 1 µg/mL SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the presence or absence of 1% thermal water or tap water. Culture supernatants were analyzed for the production of IL-6 ( b ), IL-8 ( c ), and IL-1β ( d ). Results are presented as the mean ± SD of four separate experiments. * p < 0.05 vs. untreated (UNT) cells; # p < 0.05 vs. spike-protein-stimulated cells; § p < 0.05 vs. spike-protein-stimulated cells treated with thermal water.

Article Snippet: Human nasal epithelial primary cells (HNEpCs) were obtained from PromoCell (PromoCell, Heidelberg, Germany) and cultured in an airway epithelial cell growth medium (PromoCell, Heidelberg, Germany) containing bovine pituitary extract (0.004 mL/mL), L-epidermal growth factor (recombinant human) (10 ng/mL), insulin (recombinant human) (5 µg/mL), hydrocortisone (0.5 µg/mL), epinephrine (0.5 µg/mL), triiodo-L-thyronine (6.7 ng/mL), transferrin (recombinant human) (10 µg/mL), and retinoic acid (0.1 ng/mL) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Techniques:

Journal: Biomedicines

Article Title: Thermal Water Reduces the Inflammatory Process Induced by the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in Human Airway Epithelial Cells In Vitro

doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12122917

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of thermal water on the levels of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptors. Human nasal epithelial primary cells (HNEpCs) were stimulated (or not stimulated) for 24 h with 1 µg/mL SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the presence or absence of 1% thermal water (H 2 O) or tap water. The concentrations of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were determined in cell lysates ( a , b ). In addition, ACE2 and TMPRSS2 levels were determined in culture supernatants ( c , d ). Results are presented as the mean ± SD of four separate experiments. * p < 0.05 vs. untreated (UNT) cells; # p < 0.05 vs. spike-protein-stimulated cells; § p < 0.05 vs. spike-protein-stimulated cells treated with thermal water.

Article Snippet: Human nasal epithelial primary cells (HNEpCs) were obtained from PromoCell (PromoCell, Heidelberg, Germany) and cultured in an airway epithelial cell growth medium (PromoCell, Heidelberg, Germany) containing bovine pituitary extract (0.004 mL/mL), L-epidermal growth factor (recombinant human) (10 ng/mL), insulin (recombinant human) (5 µg/mL), hydrocortisone (0.5 µg/mL), epinephrine (0.5 µg/mL), triiodo-L-thyronine (6.7 ng/mL), transferrin (recombinant human) (10 µg/mL), and retinoic acid (0.1 ng/mL) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Techniques:

Journal: Biomedicines

Article Title: Thermal Water Reduces the Inflammatory Process Induced by the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in Human Airway Epithelial Cells In Vitro

doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12122917

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of thermal water on ACE2 activity in human nasal epithelial primary cell (HNEpC) cultures. HNEpCs were stimulated (or not) with 1 µg/mL SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the presence or absence of 1% thermal water (H 2 O) or tap water. ACE2 activity was evaluated after 24 h in cells ( a ) and supernatants ( b ). Results are presented as the mean ± SD of four separate experiments. * p < 0.05 vs. untreated (UNT) cells; # p < 0.05 vs. spike-protein-stimulated cells; § p < 0.05 vs. spike-protein-stimulated cells treated with thermal water.

Article Snippet: Human nasal epithelial primary cells (HNEpCs) were obtained from PromoCell (PromoCell, Heidelberg, Germany) and cultured in an airway epithelial cell growth medium (PromoCell, Heidelberg, Germany) containing bovine pituitary extract (0.004 mL/mL), L-epidermal growth factor (recombinant human) (10 ng/mL), insulin (recombinant human) (5 µg/mL), hydrocortisone (0.5 µg/mL), epinephrine (0.5 µg/mL), triiodo-L-thyronine (6.7 ng/mL), transferrin (recombinant human) (10 µg/mL), and retinoic acid (0.1 ng/mL) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Techniques: Activity Assay