Abstract
⁎ Corresponding author at: College of Urban and Env University, Xi'an 710127, China. E-mail address: xiaolizhu@nwu.edu.cn (X. Zhu). 1 These authors contributed equally to this work. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164556 Received 13 March 2023; Received in revised form 2 Available online 1 June 2023 0048-9697/© 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. • Biochar alleviated the toxic of Zn on sulfate-reducing bacteria. • Immobilized bacteria contained the highest passivation performance. • Immobilized bacteria introduced a new passivation mechanism into biochar. • Biochar and sulfate-reducing bacteria complement each other in function. A B S T R A C T A R T I C L E I N F O Editor: Jose Julio Ortega-Calvo