Journal: International journal of pharmaceutics

Article Title: In vivo controlled release of fenretinide from long-acting release depots for chemoprevention of oral squamous cell carcinoma recurrence

doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.11.037

Figure Lengend Snippet: a) In vivo release of 4HPR from CR PLGA millicylinders vs . that from water soluble matrix PVA/sucrose implants with and without solubilizers. The PLGA implants contained 20% 4HPR + 15% MgCO 3 + 1% PVP + 20% NaDC or CaDC, while the PVA/sucrose implants contained either 20% 4HPR or additional solubilizer and crystallization inhibitor (20% NaDC + 1% PVP). b) Implant images prior to harvesting from rat SC tissue on day 28 (yellow represents 4HPR). C) In vivo release of sodium and calcium deoxycholate (DC − ) from PLGA millicylinders. ( mean ± SE, n = 3).

Article Snippet: Excipients used were sodium deoxycholate, (NaDC, 99% pure, Acros), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30, 40 kDa, BASF), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K4M (HPMC K4M, Dow Chemical, Midland, MI), and β-CD (Sigma-Aldrich).

Techniques: In Vivo, Crystallization Assay

Journal: Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver

Article Title: Bile acids permeabilize the blood brain barrier after bile duct ligation

doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2014.01.159

Figure Lengend Snippet: Deoxycholic acid does not disrupt endothelial tight junctions via known signal transduction pathways. Confluent monolayers of brain microvessel endothelial cells were treated for 24 hours with vehicle or deoxycholic acid in either the presence or absence

Article Snippet: To assess the effects of bile acid treatment on the phosphorylation of occludin, RBMEC’s were treated with chenodeoxycholic acid or deoxycholic acid (100 μM) for 4 hr in the presence or absence of the Rac1 inhibitor (NSC23766; 50 μM [ ], EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA).

Techniques: Transduction

Journal: Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver

Article Title: Bile acids permeabilize the blood brain barrier after bile duct ligation

doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2014.01.159

Figure Lengend Snippet: Chenodeoxycholic acid and deoxycholic acid disrupts endothelial tight junctions. (A) Confluent monolayers of brain microvessel endothelial cells were treated with either vehicle, chenodeoxycholic acid or deoxycholic acid and the tight junction protein

Article Snippet: To assess the effects of bile acid treatment on the phosphorylation of occludin, RBMEC’s were treated with chenodeoxycholic acid or deoxycholic acid (100 μM) for 4 hr in the presence or absence of the Rac1 inhibitor (NSC23766; 50 μM [ ], EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA).

Techniques:

Journal: Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver

Article Title: Bile acids permeabilize the blood brain barrier after bile duct ligation

doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2014.01.159

Figure Lengend Snippet: Bile acids increase the phosphorylation of occludin via a Rac1-dependent mechanism (A) Brain microvessel endothelial cells were treated with vehicle, chenodeoxycholic acid or deoxycholic acid for 1 hour and phosphorylated occludin levels were assessed

Article Snippet: To assess the effects of bile acid treatment on the phosphorylation of occludin, RBMEC’s were treated with chenodeoxycholic acid or deoxycholic acid (100 μM) for 4 hr in the presence or absence of the Rac1 inhibitor (NSC23766; 50 μM [ ], EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA).

Techniques:

Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives

Article Title: Persistent Organic Pollutants Modify Gut Microbiota–Host Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Through Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation

doi: 10.1289/ehp.1409055

Figure Lengend Snippet: Bile acid metabolism in animals treated with vehicle or TCDF (24 μg/kg). Abbreviations: CA, cholic acid; CDCA, chenodeoxycholic acid; DCA, deoxycholic acid; G, glycine-conjugated; LCA, lithocholic acid; MCA, muricholic acid; NS, not significant; T, taurine-conjugated species; UDCA, ursodeoxycholic acid. Quantification of specific bile acids levels in intestinal tissue ( A,B ) and feces ( C,D ) throughout the enterohepatic circulation of Ahr +/+ mice. ( E ) Quantification of total bile acids in liver, intestine, cecum, and feces of Ahr +/+ mice; the bile acid profile in the small intestine shows the data from jejunum segment. qPCR analysis of Fgf15 , Fxr, and Shp mRNAs in the ileum ( F ) and Fxr and Shp mRNA expression in the liver ( G ) of Ahr +/+ and Ahr –/– mice. ( H ) qPCR analysis of Cyp7a1 , Cyp8b1 , Cyp27a1 , Akr1d1, and Cyp7b1 mRNAs in the liver of Ahr +/+ mice. ( I – K ) mRNA encoding bile acid transporters involved in taurine biosynthesis and bile acid conjugation in the ileum ( I ), and mRNA encoding bile acid transporters in the distal liver ( J ) and ileum ( K ) of vehicle- and TCDF-treated Ahr +/+ mice. Data are presented as mean ± SD; n = 6/group. See also Supplemental Material, Tables S1 and S2. * p

Article Snippet: External bile acid standards, including cholic acid (CA), lithocholic acid (LCA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), deoxycholic acid (DCA), ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), α-muricholic acid (αMCA), β-muricholic acid (βMCA), ω-muricholic acid (ωMCA), glycocholic acid (GCA), glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), taurocholic acid (TCA), taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA), tauro chenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA), taurolithocholic acid (TLCA), tauro-α-muricholic acid (TαMCA), and tauro-β-muricholic acid (TβMCA), were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.

Techniques: Mouse Assay, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Expressing, Conjugation Assay

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Sodium deoxycholate-decorated zein nanoparticles for a stable colloidal drug delivery system

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S156930

Figure Lengend Snippet: TEM analysis of ( A ) surfactant-free zein nanoparticles (2 mg/mL of protein), and of zein nanosystems prepared with ( B ) PLX188 (5% w/v), ( C ) T80 (2.5% w/v), or ( D ) SD (1.25% w/v). Scale bar =200 nm. Abbreviations: TEM, transmission electron microscopy; T80, Tween 80 ® ; PLX188, Poloxamer 188 ® ; SD, sodium deoxycholate monohydrate.

Article Snippet: Materials Yellow zein, sodium deoxycholate monohydrate (SD), all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), red oil, rhodamine B, 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-3,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide salt (used for MTT-tests), phosphate buffered saline (PBS) tablets, dimethyl sulfoxide, and amphothericin B solution (250 μg/mL), were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St Louis, MO, USA).

Techniques: Transmission Electron Microscopy, Transmission Assay, Electron Microscopy

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Sodium deoxycholate-decorated zein nanoparticles for a stable colloidal drug delivery system

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S156930

Figure Lengend Snippet: TSI of surfactant-free zein nanoparticles as a function of zein concentration ( A and B ). TSI of zein nanoparticles (2 mg/mL of protein) prepared with various surfactants (PLX188 5% w/v, T80 2.5% w/v, and SD 1.25% w/v) ( C and D ). T =20°C ( A and C ); T =37°C ( B and D ). Abbreviations: TSI, Turbiscan Stability Index; T80, Tween 80 ® ; PLX188, Poloxamer 188 ® ; SD, sodium deoxycholate monohydrate; T, temperature.

Article Snippet: Materials Yellow zein, sodium deoxycholate monohydrate (SD), all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), red oil, rhodamine B, 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-3,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide salt (used for MTT-tests), phosphate buffered saline (PBS) tablets, dimethyl sulfoxide, and amphothericin B solution (250 μg/mL), were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St Louis, MO, USA).

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Use of transethosomes for enhancing the transdermal delivery of olmesartan medoxomil: in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo evaluation

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S196771

Figure Lengend Snippet: DSC thermogram of ( A ) OLM, ( B ) PC, ( C ) SDC, ( D ) physical mixture of OLM and transethosomal components, and ( E ) TE14. Abbreviations: DSC, differential scanning calorimetry; OLM, olmesartan medoxomil; PC, phospholipid; SDC, sodium deoxycholate; TE, transethosome.

Article Snippet: L-α phosphotidylcholine from egg yolk, Span 20 (S20), Span 60 (S60), sodium deoxycholate (SDC), cellulose membrane (12,000–14,000 molecular weight cutoff), and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich Chemical Co. (St Louis, MO, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: The Journal of Biological Chemistry

Article Title: Proto-oncogene Activity of Melanoma Antigen-A11 (MAGE-A11) Regulates Retinoblastoma-related p107 and E2F1 Proteins *

doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.468579

Figure Lengend Snippet: MAGE-A11 interacts with p107 and Rb but not p130. pCMV-FLAG (−), pCMV-FLAG-MAGE, or FLAG-MAGE-(112–429) (5 μg) was expressed in COS1 cells with 5 μg of CMV-p107 ( A ), pCMV-hRb ( B ), or pcDNA3-p130 ( C ). Cells were incubated for 24 h in serum-free medium containing 0.1 μg/ml EGF and harvested in immunoprecipitation lysis buffer without deoxycholate or glycerol. Cell extracts (50 μg of protein/lane, right ) and immunoprecipitates ( IP , left ) were probed using p107, Rb, p130, and MAGE-A11 antibodies. Arrows , p107, Rb, p130, FLAG-MAGE, and IgG.

Article Snippet: Immunoblots of extracts from COS1 cells (2 × 106 cells/10-cm dish, 7 × 105 cells/6-cm dish) transfected using DEAE-dextran were prepared in immunoblot lysis buffer containing 1% Triton X-100, 0.1% SDS, 1% sodium deoxycholate, 0.15 m NaCl, 2 m m EDTA, 50 m m NaF, 2 m m sodium vanadate, 50 m m Tris-HCl (pH 7.5), 1 m m phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, 1 m m dithiothreitol, and protease inhibitors (Roche Applied Science).

Techniques: Incubation, Immunoprecipitation, Lysis

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Multifunctional Composite Microcapsules for Oral Delivery of Insulin

doi: 10.3390/ijms18010054

Figure Lengend Snippet: Diagram of the preparation of multifunctional composite microcapsules. Ins-SD complex, insulin-sodium deoxycholate complex; PVA, polyvinyl alcohol; PLGA, poly(lactide- co -glycolide); NPs, nanoparticles, HP55, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose phthalate.

Article Snippet: Sodium deoxycholate and poly(lactic-co -glycolic acid) (PLGA 75/25, molecular weight of 20 kDa) were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Osaka, Japan).

Techniques: