Journal: Journal of Immune Based Therapies and Vaccines

Article Title: The effect of CpG-ODN on antigen presenting cells of the foal

doi: 10.1186/1476-8518-5-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Equine monocyte-derived macrophages (A) and dendritic cells (B) generated ex vivo . Isolated peripheral blood monocytes were stimulated (dendritic cells) or not (macrophages) with rEq IL-4 and rHuGM-CSF in DMEM-F12, 5% bovine growth serum. The photomicrogaphs depict the differentiation of adult horse and foal macrophages and dendritic cells in culture. A and B = day 5 adult horse and foal macrophages, respectively; A' and B' = day 5 adult horse and foal dendritic cells, respectively – note their extended shape in contrast to the round macrophages; C = day 6 dendritic cells adhered to the plastic of the cell culture plate; C' = a group of day 6 dendritic cells floating in the supernatant of the cell culture – note the presence of small dendrites. Bars indicate 50 μm.

Article Snippet: For the generation of DCs, recombinant equine IL-4 (rEqIL-4, 10 ng/ml) and recombinant human granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor (rHuGM-CSF, 1000 units/ml, R & D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) were added to the culture medium as the following: Dendritic cell baseline control: for the generation of DCs, monocytes were cultured in the presence of rEqIL-4 and rHuGM-CSF for 5 days.

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Generated, Ex Vivo, Isolation, Cell Culture

Journal: BMC Veterinary Research

Article Title: Characterization of respiratory dendritic cells from equine lung tissues

doi: 10.1186/s12917-017-1240-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Microscopic images of dendritic cells following cultivation with recombinant granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and recombinant interleukin-4 (IL-4). All of the images were taken at 200× magnification. a ) Blood dendritic cells (B-DCs) collected after 3 days of incubation with recombinant proteins of GM-CSF and IL-4. Solid arrows show cells with extended dendrites, one of which possessed several nodes aligning (indicated by arrowhead). Some cells had short projections on the surface (indicated by hollow arrow). b ) B-DCs collected after 7 days of incubation with recombinant GM-CSF and IL-4. The cells were veiled with pseudopods (indicated by solid arrow). c ) Lung dendritic cells (L-DCs) after 5 days of incubation with GM-CSF and IL-4. Cells demonstrated visible pseudopods (indicated by solid arrow)

Article Snippet: For B-DC culture, dendritic cell culture media (RPMI-DC) (RPMI 1640 with 4 mM L-glutamine, 10% heat-inactivated heterologous horse serum, 50 uM β-mercaptoethanol [Sigma, USA], 1% penicillin / streptomycin, and 2.5 μg/ml amphotericin B [Gibco, USA], supplemented with recombinant equine GM-CSF (10 ng/ml or 1000 U/ml) as well as recombinant equine IL-4 (10 ng/ml or 1000 U/ml) [KingFisher Biotech, St. Paul, MN, USA], was added and adherent B-MOS were incubated for 4 days, at which point cells differentiated into B-DCs.

Techniques: Recombinant, Incubation