Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Inhibition of overactive TGF-β attenuates progression of heterotopic ossification in mice

doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-02988-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Elevated active TGF-β levels in human HO. a H E staining of normal muscle (left) and HO in early osteogenesis stage (middle) and late osteogenesis stage (right) after elbow fracture (EF) and central nervous system trauma (CNST). Scale bar, 100 μm. b Safranin O and Fast Green (SOFG) staining of normal muscle (left) and HO. Proteoglycan (red) and heterotopic bone (green). Scale bar, 100 μm. c TRAP + cells (red) and d quantitative analysis of the number of TRAP + osteoclast surface (OCS) per bone surface (BS). Scale bar, 100 μm. Immunohistochemical staining of e pSmad2/3 + cells (brown) and g PDGF-BB + cells (brown) and quantitative analysis of the number of f pSmad2/3 + cells or h PDGF-BB + cells per bone marrow area (mm 2 ). i , j Quantitative analysis of i active TGF-β and j PDGF-BB in serum in HO patients at early osteogenesis stage and late mature stage by ELISA. Dotted line indicates the average concentration of healthy people with active TGF-β of 1.23 ng/ml and PDGF-BB of 1.68 ng/ml. k Immunofluorescent staining and l quantitative analysis of CD73 + (green) and CD90 + cells (red) in bone marrow of ectopic bone marrow in HO patients. Blue color indicates DAPI staining of nuclei. Scale bar, 20 μm. C cartilage, B bone, BM bone marrow, M muscle, NM normal muscle, EF elbow fracture, CNST central nervous system trauma, OR osteogenesis MR maturation. All data are shown as the mean ± s.d. n = 9 per group for d , f , h , l histomorphometry analysis. * p

Article Snippet: We processed 4-μm-thick sections of bone for H & E staining and safranin o (Sigma-Aldrich, S2255) and fast green (Sigma-Aldrich, F7252) staining.

Techniques: Staining, Immunohistochemistry, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Concentration Assay

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Defining a Characteristic Gene Expression Set Responsible for Cancer Stem Cell-Like Features in a Sub-Population of Ewing Sarcoma Cells CADO-ES1

doi: 10.3390/ijms19123908

Figure Lengend Snippet: Stemness features of the side population. In image ( A ) respective panel ( D the left drawing), the colony-forming potential of SP compared to non-SP cells is illustrated. The image shows representative colonies. Panel ( B ) shows OIL-RED-O-stained cells after adipogenic differentiation. More dark red cells indicate more adipogeneic differentiation. The slightly smaller SP cells are seen in Panel ( C ) (May-Grünwald-Giemsa staining). In panel ( D ), the two rightmost diagrams show the higher resistance of SP cells compared to non-SP cells (reference no-sort) after treatment with cytotoxic drugs for 72 h. Doxorubicine was effective at 0.1 µM while Etoposide is shown at 1 µM. A star indicates a significant difference using the t test and an alpha error of 5%. ‘ n ’ denotes the number of biological replicates behind a condition. Horizontal brackets with a star indicate a significant difference between bars (alpha

Article Snippet: These two medium changes were repeated a second time and finally cells were stained with OIL-RED-O solution (Sigma-Aldrich).

Techniques: Staining