Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

Article Title: Construction of Biocompatible Dual-Drug Loaded Complicated Nanoparticles for in vivo Improvement of Synergistic Chemotherapy in Esophageal Cancer

doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00622

Figure Lengend Snippet: The anti-proliferation and anti-migration effect assay in K30 cells when treated with β-elemene, DOX, dual drugs and bMED NPs: (A) Clony images of cells; (B) Quantitative data on the relative colony number; (C) The images of cells in transwell migration assay; (D) Quantitative data on transwell migration. Error bars represent the SD of the mean. * p

Article Snippet: Materials β-elemene were purchased from Sigma.

Techniques: Migration, Transwell Migration Assay

Journal: Molecular Medicine Reports

Article Title: Therapeutic effects of β-elemene via attenuation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cervical cancer cells

doi: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8455

Figure Lengend Snippet: β-elemene inhibits the invasion and migration of SiHa cells. (A) Following treatmentof SiHa cells with increasing doses of β-elemene (0, 20, 30 and 40 µg/ml) for 24 and 72 h time intervals, motility and invasion assayswere performed (magnification, ×100). (B) Statistical analysis demonstrating the quantification of the number of invaded SiHa cellsfrom the motility and invasion assays; *P

Article Snippet: Chemicals and reagents SiHa cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). β-elemene was obtained from Dalian Huali JinGang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Dalian, China) and dissolved in PBS in order to generate a 5 mg/ml stock solution for experimental use.

Techniques: Migration

Journal: Molecular Medicine Reports

Article Title: Therapeutic effects of β-elemene via attenuation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cervical cancer cells

doi: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8455

Figure Lengend Snippet: β-elemene induces apoptosis in SiHa cells. (A) Following treatment of SiHa cells with increasing doses of β-elemene (0, 20, 30, and 40 µg/ml) for 48 h, flow cytometry was performed in order to detect cellular apoptosis; *P

Article Snippet: Chemicals and reagents SiHa cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). β-elemene was obtained from Dalian Huali JinGang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Dalian, China) and dissolved in PBS in order to generate a 5 mg/ml stock solution for experimental use.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Cytometry

Journal: Molecular Medicine Reports

Article Title: Therapeutic effects of β-elemene via attenuation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cervical cancer cells

doi: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8455

Figure Lengend Snippet: β-elemene inhibits the proliferation and survival of SiHa cells. Following treatment of SiHa cells with increasing doses of β-elemene (0–50 µg/ml) for 24, 48 and 72 h, the MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation and survival of SiHa cells. Each test was conducted in triplicate. Values presented represent the mean ± standard deviation of the three independent experiments. *P

Article Snippet: Chemicals and reagents SiHa cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). β-elemene was obtained from Dalian Huali JinGang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Dalian, China) and dissolved in PBS in order to generate a 5 mg/ml stock solution for experimental use.

Techniques: MTT Assay, Standard Deviation

Journal: Molecular Medicine Reports

Article Title: Therapeutic effects of β-elemene via attenuation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cervical cancer cells

doi: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8455

Figure Lengend Snippet: β-elemene induces cell cycle arrest in SiHa cells during G1. (A) Following treatmentof SiHa cells with increasing doses of β-elemene (0, 20, 30, and 40 µg/ml) for 48 h, flow cytometry was performed in order to investigate the influence of β-elemene on the progression of the cell cycle; *P

Article Snippet: Chemicals and reagents SiHa cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). β-elemene was obtained from Dalian Huali JinGang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Dalian, China) and dissolved in PBS in order to generate a 5 mg/ml stock solution for experimental use.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Cytometry

Journal: Molecular Medicine Reports

Article Title: Therapeutic effects of β-elemene via attenuation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cervical cancer cells

doi: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8455

Figure Lengend Snippet: β-elemene suppresses the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Expression levels of β-catenin, TCF7, and c-Myc were detected via western blot analysis. Each experiment was performed in triplicate. Values presented represent the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. *P

Article Snippet: Chemicals and reagents SiHa cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). β-elemene was obtained from Dalian Huali JinGang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Dalian, China) and dissolved in PBS in order to generate a 5 mg/ml stock solution for experimental use.

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Standard Deviation

Journal: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

Article Title: Multi-functional roles of a soldier-specific volatile as a worker arrestant, primer pheromone and an antimicrobial agent in a termite

doi: 10.1098/rspb.2017.1134

Figure Lengend Snippet: Arrestant activity of soldier extract and artificial pheromone after 15 min. ( a ) Schematic drawing of behavioural bioassay device. ( b ) Workers were arrested by (−)- β -elemene at 1000 ng per disk as well as soldier extract (Dunnett's test; n.s., not significant; * p

Article Snippet: To test the dose-dependency of β -elemene, a standard solution containing 0.1 mg of authentic standard of (−)- β -elemene (Abcam) diluted in 1 ml hexane was prepared, and this standard solution and 10- to 10 000-fold diluted hexane solutions of it were used.

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

Article Title: Multi-functional roles of a soldier-specific volatile as a worker arrestant, primer pheromone and an antimicrobial agent in a termite

doi: 10.1098/rspb.2017.1134

Figure Lengend Snippet: GC–MS results. ( a ) Gas chromatographs of the whole-body extracts of both sexes of soldiers and workers from the same colony (UR160505A). The compound associated with a single large peak (indicated by an arrow) was identified as (−)- β -elemene (retention time: 16.41 min in male, 16.41 min in female). ( b ) Mass spectra of (−)- β -elemene from male soldiers (upper) and of commercial standard (lower). ( c ) Mass spectra of (−)- β -elemene from female soldiers (upper) and of commercial standard (lower). (Online version in colour.)

Article Snippet: To test the dose-dependency of β -elemene, a standard solution containing 0.1 mg of authentic standard of (−)- β -elemene (Abcam) diluted in 1 ml hexane was prepared, and this standard solution and 10- to 10 000-fold diluted hexane solutions of it were used.

Techniques: Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Journal: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

Article Title: Multi-functional roles of a soldier-specific volatile as a worker arrestant, primer pheromone and an antimicrobial agent in a termite

doi: 10.1098/rspb.2017.1134

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antifungal activity test of soldier pheromone component. ( a ) Schematic drawing of fungal bioassay device. PDA, potato-dextrose agar. ( b – d ) Effects of (−)- β -elemene on the mycelial growth of fungi B. bassiana ( b ), Me. anisopliae ( c ) and termite ball fungi (TMB) ( d ). (−)- β -elemene suppressed the growth of entomopathogenic fungi B. bassiana and Me. anisopliae , but enhanced that of TMB (repeated-measures ANOVA; * p

Article Snippet: To test the dose-dependency of β -elemene, a standard solution containing 0.1 mg of authentic standard of (−)- β -elemene (Abcam) diluted in 1 ml hexane was prepared, and this standard solution and 10- to 10 000-fold diluted hexane solutions of it were used.

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

Article Title: Multi-functional roles of a soldier-specific volatile as a worker arrestant, primer pheromone and an antimicrobial agent in a termite

doi: 10.1098/rspb.2017.1134

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibitory effects of the crude soldier extract and the authentic (−)- β -elemene on soldier differentiation in the presence of JHA, hydroprene. Results show the average of cumulative rate of presoldiers after 15 days, and values denote the mean ± s.e.m. of 20 replications (10 replications × 2 colonies). Soldier extract and (−)- β -elemene suppressed the differentiation of new presoldiers. Different letters mean significant differences (Tukey's HSD test, p

Article Snippet: To test the dose-dependency of β -elemene, a standard solution containing 0.1 mg of authentic standard of (−)- β -elemene (Abcam) diluted in 1 ml hexane was prepared, and this standard solution and 10- to 10 000-fold diluted hexane solutions of it were used.

Techniques:

Journal: Oncology Reports

Article Title: β-elemene inhibits the generation of peritoneum effusion in pancreatic cancer via suppression of the HIF1A-VEGFA pathway based on network pharmacology

doi: 10.3892/or.2019.7360

Figure Lengend Snippet: Thirty-three target genes for β-elemene against pancreatic cancer. (A) Venn diagram revealing the overlapping target genes for β-elemene against pancreatic cancer. (B) Network of target genes for β-elemene against pancreatic cancer. Red diamond represents β-elemene; red hexagon represents pancreatic cancer; blue circles represent target genes of both β-elemene and pancreatic cancer; yellow triangles represent KEGG pathway analysis of 33 target genes based on the DAVID database. KEGG, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes; DAVID, Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery.

Article Snippet: Serial concentrations of β-elemene [CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Company Ltd. (YUANDA), Dalian, China] were added to the cells: 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 µM.

Techniques:

Journal: Oncology Reports

Article Title: β-elemene inhibits the generation of peritoneum effusion in pancreatic cancer via suppression of the HIF1A-VEGFA pathway based on network pharmacology

doi: 10.3892/or.2019.7360

Figure Lengend Snippet: Network of β-elemene-target genes. Red diamond represents β-elemene; blue circles represent target genes of β-elemene.

Article Snippet: Serial concentrations of β-elemene [CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Company Ltd. (YUANDA), Dalian, China] were added to the cells: 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 µM.

Techniques:

Journal: Oncology Reports

Article Title: β-elemene inhibits the generation of peritoneum effusion in pancreatic cancer via suppression of the HIF1A-VEGFA pathway based on network pharmacology

doi: 10.3892/or.2019.7360

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antitumor effect of β-elemene in pancreatic cancer. (A) MTT assay revealed that cell viability was suppressed by β-elemene in PANC-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. (B) MTT assay revealed that cell viability was suppressed by β-elemene in BxPC3 cells in a dose-dependent manner. (C and D) MTT assay revealed that cell viability was suppressed by β-elemene in cells isolated from peritoneum effusion of pancreatic cancer patients in a dose-dependent manner.

Article Snippet: Serial concentrations of β-elemene [CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Company Ltd. (YUANDA), Dalian, China] were added to the cells: 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 µM.

Techniques: MTT Assay, Isolation

Journal: Oncology Reports

Article Title: β-elemene inhibits the generation of peritoneum effusion in pancreatic cancer via suppression of the HIF1A-VEGFA pathway based on network pharmacology

doi: 10.3892/or.2019.7360

Figure Lengend Snippet: Validation of the HIF1A-VEGFA pathway inhibited by β-elemene in pancreatic cancer. (A) Western blot analysis in PANC-1 and BxPC3 pancreatic cancer cell lines and (B) corresponding histogram of protein expression levels of HIF1A and VEGFA in PANC-1 and BxPC3 pancreatic cancer cells. Three independent biological replicates were performed and data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. *P

Article Snippet: Serial concentrations of β-elemene [CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Company Ltd. (YUANDA), Dalian, China] were added to the cells: 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 µM.

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Standard Deviation

Journal: Oncology Reports

Article Title: β-elemene inhibits the generation of peritoneum effusion in pancreatic cancer via suppression of the HIF1A-VEGFA pathway based on network pharmacology

doi: 10.3892/or.2019.7360

Figure Lengend Snippet: Molecular docking simulation of β-elemene to HIF1A. Sticks represent the three-dimensional structure of β-elemene; surface represents the protein structure of HIF1A. HIF1A, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α.

Article Snippet: Serial concentrations of β-elemene [CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Company Ltd. (YUANDA), Dalian, China] were added to the cells: 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 µM.

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Host plant affects the sexual attractiveness of the female white-spotted longicorn beetle, Anoplophora malasiaca

doi: 10.1038/srep29526

Figure Lengend Snippet: Total ion chromatogram of the n -hexane fractions separated from MO- ( a ) and WI-fed female ( b ) extracts. Enlarged chromatograms for each female are shown on the right. The peaks indicated with arrows were previously identified as contact sex pheromones 12 . Peaks 1 and 2 represent β -elemene and β -caryophyllene, respectively.

Article Snippet: Effects of β -elemene and an MO-bark extract on WI-fed male rejection responses The candidate chemical, (−)-β -elemene (LKT Laboratories, Inc., St Paul, MN, USA; purity, 98.9%), was adjusted to 0.025, 0.1, 1, and 10 fe (1, 4, 40, and 400 ng per treatment, respectively) and applied to dummies along with the WI-fed female extract.

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Host plant affects the sexual attractiveness of the female white-spotted longicorn beetle, Anoplophora malasiaca

doi: 10.1038/srep29526

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of β -elemene and an MO-bark extract on WI-fed male rejection responses. Response values accompanied by the same letter did not significantly differ at the P  = 0.05 level ( n  × 2 chi-squared test and subsequent paired chi-squared test with Bonferroni-corrected P- values). The values at the top of the graph indicate the number of individuals that responded out of all of the replicates (responded/replicates).

Article Snippet: Effects of β -elemene and an MO-bark extract on WI-fed male rejection responses The candidate chemical, (−)-β -elemene (LKT Laboratories, Inc., St Paul, MN, USA; purity, 98.9%), was adjusted to 0.025, 0.1, 1, and 10 fe (1, 4, 40, and 400 ng per treatment, respectively) and applied to dummies along with the WI-fed female extract.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: β-Elemene Reverses the Resistance of p53-Deficient Colorectal Cancer Cells to 5-Fluorouracil by Inducing Pro-death Autophagy and Cyclin D3-Dependent Cycle Arrest

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00378

Figure Lengend Snippet: β-elemene reverse the resistance of HCT116p53 –/– cells to 5-Fu by inducing pro-death autophagy. (A) HCT116p53 +/+ and HCT116p53 –/– cells were treated with control, 5-Fu, β-elemene, 5-Fu + β-elemene, the protein expression of LC3B, Beclin-1, and Active caspase-3 were examined by Western blot; (B) HCT116p53 –/– cells were treated with control, 5-Fu, β-elemene, 5-Fu + β-elemene, the autophagy flow was observed by immunofluorescence, red arrow indicates autolysosomes; (C) HCT116p53 –/– cells were treated with control, 5-Fu, β-elemene, 5-Fu + β-elemene, the occurrence of autophagy was observed by transmission electron microscope; (D) HCT116p53 –/– cells were treated with 5-Fu + β-elemene, 5-Fu + β-elemene + Bafilomycin A1, the cell viability was examined by CCK8. (*** p

Article Snippet: Anti-rabbit IgG, HRP-linked Antibody (#7074) and Anti-mouse IgG, HRP-linked Antibody (#7076) were also obtained from CST. β-elemene was obtained from LKT lab (E4418, purity ≥98%), β-elemene was dissolved in ethanol (02483, Supelco).

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Transmission Assay, Microscopy

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: β-Elemene Reverses the Resistance of p53-Deficient Colorectal Cancer Cells to 5-Fluorouracil by Inducing Pro-death Autophagy and Cyclin D3-Dependent Cycle Arrest

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00378

Figure Lengend Snippet: 5-Fu and β-elemene inhibits proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. (A) HCT116p53 +/+ and HCT116p53 –/– cells were treated with different concentrations of 5-Fu for 24 h, or treated with β-elemene for 24, 48, and 72 h, the cell viability was examined by CCK8; (B) the cell proliferation was detected by a clone formation assays; (C) the apoptosis rate of cells was examined by flow cytometry. ( ∗ p

Article Snippet: Anti-rabbit IgG, HRP-linked Antibody (#7074) and Anti-mouse IgG, HRP-linked Antibody (#7076) were also obtained from CST. β-elemene was obtained from LKT lab (E4418, purity ≥98%), β-elemene was dissolved in ethanol (02483, Supelco).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: β-Elemene Reverses the Resistance of p53-Deficient Colorectal Cancer Cells to 5-Fluorouracil by Inducing Pro-death Autophagy and Cyclin D3-Dependent Cycle Arrest

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00378

Figure Lengend Snippet: β-elemene reverse the resistance of HCT116p53 –/– cells to 5-Fu by inducing Cyclin D3- dependent cycle arrest. (A) HCT116p53 –/– cells were treated with control, 5-Fu, β-elemene, 5-Fu + β-elemene, the expression of cell cycle-related proteins were examined by Western blot; (B) HCT116p53 –/– cells were treated with 5-Fu + β-elemene, Cyclin-D3, 5-Fu + β-elemene + Cyclin D3, the protein expression of Cyclin D3 and CDK6 were examined by Western blot; (C) Overexpression Cyclin D3 of HCT116p53 –/– cells and treated with 5-Fu, β-elemene, 5-Fu + β-elemene, the cell viability was examined by CCK8. (** p

Article Snippet: Anti-rabbit IgG, HRP-linked Antibody (#7074) and Anti-mouse IgG, HRP-linked Antibody (#7076) were also obtained from CST. β-elemene was obtained from LKT lab (E4418, purity ≥98%), β-elemene was dissolved in ethanol (02483, Supelco).

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Over Expression

Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Article Title: β-Elemene Reverses the Resistance of p53-Deficient Colorectal Cancer Cells to 5-Fluorouracil by Inducing Pro-death Autophagy and Cyclin D3-Dependent Cycle Arrest

doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00378

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of β-elemene combined with 5-Fu on tumorigenicity of HCT116p53 –/– cells in vivo. (A) The tumor tissue; (B) Tumor volume curve. (* p

Article Snippet: Anti-rabbit IgG, HRP-linked Antibody (#7074) and Anti-mouse IgG, HRP-linked Antibody (#7076) were also obtained from CST. β-elemene was obtained from LKT lab (E4418, purity ≥98%), β-elemene was dissolved in ethanol (02483, Supelco).

Techniques: In Vivo

Journal: Cell Journal (Yakhteh)

Article Title: The Use of ß-Elemene to Enhance Radio Sensitization of A375 Human Melanoma Cells

doi: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6326

Figure Lengend Snippet: The growth rate of A375 cell line was inhibited by ß-elemene. A375 cells were cultivated in 96-well plates at a density of 5×103 cells/well and treated with different concentrations of ß-elemene in different time periods: A. 24, B. 48, and C. 72 hours. Cell proliferation was evaluated using the MTT assay. The IC 50 value is a concentration of a drug that inhibits cell proliferation by 50% in comparison to the control. The data are shown as the means ± SD of three independent experiments. Asterisks indicate significant differences. ****; P

Article Snippet: Agents ß-elemene was purchased from Abcam (Abcam, USA).

Techniques: MTT Assay, Concentration Assay

Journal: Cell Journal (Yakhteh)

Article Title: The Use of ß-Elemene to Enhance Radio Sensitization of A375 Human Melanoma Cells

doi: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6326

Figure Lengend Snippet: The capability of ß-elemene to inhibit cell proliferation was measured by the MTT assay. The viability of cells was approximately decreased in dose- and time-dependent manners. The difference in the IC 50 value for ß-elemene was observed among the different incubation times. A significant reduction was detected in the viability of treated cells in a 72 hours incubation time compared with 24 and 48 hour periods. The data are presented as the means ± SD of three independent experiments. IC 50 ; The half maximal inhibitory concentration.

Article Snippet: Agents ß-elemene was purchased from Abcam (Abcam, USA).

Techniques: MTT Assay, Incubation, Concentration Assay

Journal: Cell Journal (Yakhteh)

Article Title: The Use of ß-Elemene to Enhance Radio Sensitization of A375 Human Melanoma Cells

doi: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6326

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cell proliferation was inhibited by ß-elemene. ß-elemene also increased the radiosensitivity of A375 cells. Comparison of the viability of A375 cells after the treatment with 40, 80 µg/ml of ß-elemene. After 24 hours of incubation time, cells were exposed to 2 and 4 (Gy) of 6 MV X-ray; then, the viability of cells was measured using the MTT assay. All treated groups were compared with the control group (treatment-naive). The data are presented as the means ± SD of three independent experiments. Asterisks indicate significant difference. *; P

Article Snippet: Agents ß-elemene was purchased from Abcam (Abcam, USA).

Techniques: Incubation, MTT Assay

Journal: Cell Journal (Yakhteh)

Article Title: The Use of ß-Elemene to Enhance Radio Sensitization of A375 Human Melanoma Cells

doi: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6326

Figure Lengend Snippet: Annexin V-PI staining for the assessment of apoptosis following ß-elemene and radiation therapy in A375 human melanoma cell line. The pretreated process on cancer cells was performed at two concentrations of ß-elemene (40 and 80 µg/ml) for 24 hours. Then cells were exposed to 2 and 4 Gy irradiations in combination with ß-elemene for 24 hours. A. Early apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V+/PI- staining, and Annexin V+/PI+ staining was applied as a marker for the detection of cells in the late apoptosis phase and B. PI and Annexin V double staining results indicated the induction of apoptosis by ß-elemene and enhanced radiation-induced apoptosis in human melanoma cancer cells. Cells were exposed to ß-elemene at concentrations of 40 and 80 µg/ml along with 2 and 4 Gy irradiations. All the treatment groups were compared with the control group (no drug). The data are presented as the means ± SD of three independent experiments. Asterisks indicate significant differences. ****; P

Article Snippet: Agents ß-elemene was purchased from Abcam (Abcam, USA).

Techniques: Staining, Marker, Double Staining

Journal: Cell Journal (Yakhteh)

Article Title: The Use of ß-Elemene to Enhance Radio Sensitization of A375 Human Melanoma Cells

doi: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6326

Figure Lengend Snippet: The growth rate of A375 cell line was inhibited by ß-elemene. A375 cells were cultivated in 96-well plates at a density of 5×103 cells/well and treated with different concentrations of ß-elemene in different time periods: A. 24, B. 48, and C. 72 hours. Cell proliferation was evaluated using the MTT assay. The IC 50 value is a concentration of a drug that inhibits cell proliferation by 50% in comparison to the control. The data are shown as the means ± SD of three independent experiments. Asterisks indicate significant differences. ****; P

Article Snippet: ß-elemene was purchased from Abcam (Abcam, USA).

Techniques: MTT Assay, Concentration Assay

Journal: Cell Journal (Yakhteh)

Article Title: The Use of ß-Elemene to Enhance Radio Sensitization of A375 Human Melanoma Cells

doi: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6326

Figure Lengend Snippet: The capability of ß-elemene to inhibit cell proliferation was measured by the MTT assay. The viability of cells was approximately decreased in dose- and time-dependent manners. The difference in the IC 50 value for ß-elemene was observed among the different incubation times. A significant reduction was detected in the viability of treated cells in a 72 hours incubation time compared with 24 and 48 hour periods. The data are presented as the means ± SD of three independent experiments. IC 50 ; The half maximal inhibitory concentration.

Article Snippet: ß-elemene was purchased from Abcam (Abcam, USA).

Techniques: MTT Assay, Incubation, Concentration Assay

Journal: Cell Journal (Yakhteh)

Article Title: The Use of ß-Elemene to Enhance Radio Sensitization of A375 Human Melanoma Cells

doi: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6326

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cell proliferation was inhibited by ß-elemene. ß-elemene also increased the radiosensitivity of A375 cells. Comparison of the viability of A375 cells after the treatment with 40, 80 µg/ml of ß-elemene. After 24 hours of incubation time, cells were exposed to 2 and 4 (Gy) of 6 MV X-ray; then, the viability of cells was measured using the MTT assay. All treated groups were compared with the control group (treatment-naive). The data are presented as the means ± SD of three independent experiments. Asterisks indicate significant difference. *; P

Article Snippet: ß-elemene was purchased from Abcam (Abcam, USA).

Techniques: Incubation, MTT Assay

Journal: Cell Journal (Yakhteh)

Article Title: The Use of ß-Elemene to Enhance Radio Sensitization of A375 Human Melanoma Cells

doi: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6326

Figure Lengend Snippet: Annexin V-PI staining for the assessment of apoptosis following ß-elemene and radiation therapy in A375 human melanoma cell line. The pretreated process on cancer cells was performed at two concentrations of ß-elemene (40 and 80 µg/ml) for 24 hours. Then cells were exposed to 2 and 4 Gy irradiations in combination with ß-elemene for 24 hours. A. Early apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V+/PI- staining, and Annexin V+/PI+ staining was applied as a marker for the detection of cells in the late apoptosis phase and B. PI and Annexin V double staining results indicated the induction of apoptosis by ß-elemene and enhanced radiation-induced apoptosis in human melanoma cancer cells. Cells were exposed to ß-elemene at concentrations of 40 and 80 µg/ml along with 2 and 4 Gy irradiations. All the treatment groups were compared with the control group (no drug). The data are presented as the means ± SD of three independent experiments. Asterisks indicate significant differences. ****; P

Article Snippet: ß-elemene was purchased from Abcam (Abcam, USA).

Techniques: Staining, Marker, Double Staining

Journal: International Journal of Oncology

Article Title: ?-Elemene enhances susceptibility to cisplatin in resistant ovarian carcinoma cells via downregulation of ERCC-1 and XIAP and inactivation of JNK

doi: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1996

Figure Lengend Snippet: β-Elemene blocks the cisplatin-induced increase in ERCC-1 protein in human ovarian tumor cells. A2780/CP70 cells were exposed to 40 μM cisplatin (CDDP) alone or cisplatin plus β-elemene (ELE) at the IC 20 for 24 or 48 h. The cells were harvested and lysed. Cell lysates containing 40 μg of protein were analyzed on western blots using ERCC-1 antiserum and antibody against β-actin (loading control), as described previously ( 23 , 24 ).

Article Snippet: Chemicals and immunoreagents The (−)-β-elemene (98% purity) was obtained from Yuanda Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Inc. (Dalian, China).

Techniques: Western Blot

Journal: International Journal of Oncology

Article Title: ?-Elemene enhances susceptibility to cisplatin in resistant ovarian carcinoma cells via downregulation of ERCC-1 and XIAP and inactivation of JNK

doi: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1996

Figure Lengend Snippet: The chemical structure of β-elemene.

Article Snippet: Chemicals and immunoreagents The (−)-β-elemene (98% purity) was obtained from Yuanda Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Inc. (Dalian, China).

Techniques:

Journal: International Journal of Oncology

Article Title: ?-Elemene enhances susceptibility to cisplatin in resistant ovarian carcinoma cells via downregulation of ERCC-1 and XIAP and inactivation of JNK

doi: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1996

Figure Lengend Snippet: β-Elemene abrogates cisplatin-induced JNK1 protein phosphorylation in human ovarian tumor cells. A2780/CP70 cells were exposed to 40 μM cisplatin alone or cisplatin plus β-elemene (ELE) at the IC 20 for 1 or 3 h. The cells were harvested and lysed. Cell lysates containing 60 μg of protein were analyzed on western blots using antibodies against phospho-JNK1 (Thr183/Tyr185) and β-actin (loading control), as described previously ( 21 , 22 ).

Article Snippet: Chemicals and immunoreagents The (−)-β-elemene (98% purity) was obtained from Yuanda Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Inc. (Dalian, China).

Techniques: Western Blot

Journal: International Journal of Oncology

Article Title: ?-Elemene enhances susceptibility to cisplatin in resistant ovarian carcinoma cells via downregulation of ERCC-1 and XIAP and inactivation of JNK

doi: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1996

Figure Lengend Snippet: β-Elemene downregulates XIAP protein levels in human ovarian tumor cells. A2780/CP70 cells were exposed to β-elemene at the indicated concentrations for 24 h. The cells were harvested and lysed. Cell lysates containing 60 μg of protein were analyzed on western blots using antibodies against XIAP and β-actin (loading control), as described previously ( 16 ).

Article Snippet: Chemicals and immunoreagents The (−)-β-elemene (98% purity) was obtained from Yuanda Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Inc. (Dalian, China).

Techniques: Western Blot

Journal: International Journal of Oncology

Article Title: ?-Elemene enhances susceptibility to cisplatin in resistant ovarian carcinoma cells via downregulation of ERCC-1 and XIAP and inactivation of JNK

doi: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1996

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of β-elemene and cisplatin on XIAP protein levels in human ovarian tumor cells. A2780/CP70 cells were exposed to 30 μM cisplatin (CDDP) alone, 70 μg/ml β-elemene alone, or cisplatin plus β-elemene (ELE) at the IC 20 for 12 or 24 h. The cells were harvested and lysed. Cell lysates containing 40 μg of protein were analyzed on western blots using antibodies against XIAP and β-actin (loading control).

Article Snippet: Chemicals and immunoreagents The (−)-β-elemene (98% purity) was obtained from Yuanda Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Inc. (Dalian, China).

Techniques: Western Blot

Journal: International Journal of Oncology

Article Title: ?-Elemene enhances susceptibility to cisplatin in resistant ovarian carcinoma cells via downregulation of ERCC-1 and XIAP and inactivation of JNK

doi: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1996

Figure Lengend Snippet: Proposed molecular mechanism for the effect of β-elemene on cisplatin chemosensitivity in human ovarian carcinoma cells. In the proposed mechanism shown here, β-elemene mediates altered DNA repair activity and cisplatin sensitivity in human ovarian carcinoma cells by blocking cisplatin-induced PI3K/JNK and PI3K/Akt activation, thereby preventing from the activation of the downstream signaling components such as AP-1 and NF-κB. This leads to decreased DNA-repair activity and increased caspase activity, respectively, which both confer sensitization of resistant ovarian cancer cells to the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin. See text for details.

Article Snippet: Chemicals and immunoreagents The (−)-β-elemene (98% purity) was obtained from Yuanda Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Inc. (Dalian, China).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Blocking Assay, Activation Assay