Journal: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

Article Title: Streptococcus thermophilus ST28 Ameliorates Colitis in Mice Partially by Suppression of Inflammatory Th17 Cells

doi: 10.1155/2011/378417

Figure Lengend Snippet: The suppressive effect of S. thermophilus ST28 on Th17 cells in murine splenocytes. Splenocytes were stimulated with TGF- β plus IL-6 in the absence (−) or presence of ST28 and applied to flow cytometry. The number of CD4 + , CD11b + , and CD11c + cells in 5,000 IL-17 + cells is indicated. Splenocytes without the stimulation of TGF- β plus IL-6 were used as controls (Cont). ## P < 0.01 ( S. thermophilus ST28 versus S. thermophilus ATCC 19258). ** P < 0.01 ((−) versus Cont, S. thermophilus ST28, or S. thermophilus ATCC 19258). ND, not detected.

Article Snippet: Two strains of S. thermophilus , ATCC 19258 (type strain) and ST28, were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection and Glico Dairy Products (Tokyo, Japan), respectively.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry

Journal: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

Article Title: Streptococcus thermophilus ST28 Ameliorates Colitis in Mice Partially by Suppression of Inflammatory Th17 Cells

doi: 10.1155/2011/378417

Figure Lengend Snippet: Changes in cytokine production patterns by murine splenocytes in Th17-skewed conditions by the addition of S. thermophilus ST28 or S. thermophilus ATCC 19258.

Article Snippet: Two strains of S. thermophilus , ATCC 19258 (type strain) and ST28, were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection and Glico Dairy Products (Tokyo, Japan), respectively.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

Article Title: Streptococcus thermophilus ST28 Ameliorates Colitis in Mice Partially by Suppression of Inflammatory Th17 Cells

doi: 10.1155/2011/378417

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of S. thermophilus ST28 administration on colons of dextran-sodium-sulphate- (DSS-) induced colitis mice. (a) Overview of the experimental design. Acute colitis was induced in mice ( n = 4 for each group) by exposure to 3.5% DSS for 5 days. On days 1–3, mice were orally administered ST28 cells or ATCC 19258 (10 7 cfu/day). (b) Inflammation score on Day 5. The severity of inflammation was assessed by assigning a score for consistency and bleeding of stool (full score, 6). (c) Colon length on Day 5. Cont, healthy control mice, (−) untreated DSS-induced colitis mice.

Article Snippet: Two strains of S. thermophilus , ATCC 19258 (type strain) and ST28, were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection and Glico Dairy Products (Tokyo, Japan), respectively.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

Article Title: Streptococcus thermophilus ST28 Ameliorates Colitis in Mice Partially by Suppression of Inflammatory Th17 Cells

doi: 10.1155/2011/378417

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of S. thermophilus ST28 administration on cytokine production in the lamina propria lymphocytes (LPLs) from DSS-induced colitis mice. LPLs from DSS-induced mice orally administered ST28 or ATCC 19258 were incubated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28. Culture supernatants were harvested and assayed for concentrations of IL-17 (a) and IFN- γ (b). LPLs from untreated DSS-induced colitis mice (−) and healthy control mice (Cont) were also assayed. ND, not detected.

Article Snippet: Two strains of S. thermophilus , ATCC 19258 (type strain) and ST28, were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection and Glico Dairy Products (Tokyo, Japan), respectively.

Techniques: Incubation

Journal: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

Article Title: Streptococcus thermophilus ST28 Ameliorates Colitis in Mice Partially by Suppression of Inflammatory Th17 Cells

doi: 10.1155/2011/378417

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of S. thermophilus ST28 on percentages of Th17 (a) and inflammatory DC (b) in LPLs from DSS-induced colitis mice. (a) After the experiments described in , LPLs from DSS-induced mice orally administered ST28 or ATCC 19258 were incubated with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, ionomycin, and brefeldin A and applied to flow cytometry to measure intracellular IL-17. (b) Separately, flow cytometric analysis of surface marker CD86 was performed using freshly prepared LPLs. LPLs from untreated DSS-induced colitis mice (−) and healthy control mice (Cont) were also assayed. ND, not detected.

Article Snippet: Two strains of S. thermophilus , ATCC 19258 (type strain) and ST28, were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection and Glico Dairy Products (Tokyo, Japan), respectively.

Techniques: Incubation, Flow Cytometry, Marker

Journal: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

Article Title: Streptococcus thermophilus ST28 Ameliorates Colitis in Mice Partially by Suppression of Inflammatory Th17 Cells

doi: 10.1155/2011/378417

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of S. thermophilus ST28 on the production of IL-6 (a) and IL-10 (b) and the percentage of CD86 + cells (c) in bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDC). LPS-matured BMDC were incubated in the absence (−) or presence of ST28 or ATCC 19258 and assayed for concentrations of IL-6 (a) and IL-10 (b). CD86 + cells were analyzed by flow cytometry (c). BMDCs without LPS activation were used as controls (Cont). ** P < 0.01, * P < 0.05 ((−) versus Cont, S. thermophilus ST28, or S. thermophilus ATCC 19258). ND, not detected.

Article Snippet: Two strains of S. thermophilus , ATCC 19258 (type strain) and ST28, were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection and Glico Dairy Products (Tokyo, Japan), respectively.

Techniques: Incubation, Flow Cytometry, Activation Assay

Journal: The Protein Journal

Article Title: Enzymatic Characterization and Coenzyme Specificity Conversion of a Novel Dimeric Malate Dehydrogenase from Bacillus subtilis

doi: 10.1007/s10930-022-10087-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Sequence features of the BsMDH. A Secondary structure prediction of BsMDH. B Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree of MDH amino acid sequences. Percentage bootstrap values above 50 are shown at the branch nodes. C Alignment of MDH protein sequences. The red color represents the conservation degree at each site. The accession numbers for the sequences in uniport database are as follows: EcMDH, Escherichia coli strain K12, P61889; PmMDH, pig mitochondria, P00346; RpMDH, Rickettsia prowazekii strain Madrid E, Q9ZDF3; SaMDH, Streptomyces aureofaciens , A0A1E7MZ09; ScMDH, Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain S288c, P22133; StMDH, Salmonella typhimurium strain LT2, P25077; TfMDH, Thermus flavus AT-62/ Thermus thermophilus ATCC 33923, P10584 (Color figure online)

Article Snippet: The accession numbers for the sequences in uniport database are as follows: EcMDH, Escherichia coli strain K12, P61889; PmMDH, pig mitochondria, P00346; RpMDH, Rickettsia prowazekii strain Madrid E, Q9ZDF3; SaMDH, Streptomyces aureofaciens , A0A1E7MZ09; ScMDH, Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain S288c, P22133; StMDH, Salmonella typhimurium strain LT2, P25077; TfMDH, Thermus flavus AT-62/ Thermus thermophilus ATCC 33923, P10584 (Color figure online)

Techniques: Sequencing

Journal: BMC Genomics

Article Title: Comparative genome analysis of Streptococcus infantarius subsp. infantarius CJ18, an African fermented camel milk isolate with adaptations to dairy environment

doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-200

Figure Lengend Snippet: Synteny plot of genomes Sii CJ18 (x) vs. Sii ATCC BAA-102 T (y). Both genomes of the Sii strains display a high degree of conservation indicated by the alignment near the diagonal line. Major insertion sites can be identified as R4 (34.2 kb) consisting largely of phage-related genes; R6 (25.6 kb) encompassing a 13.2-kb S. thermophilus -gene cluster comprising the additional gal-lac operon; and R9 (26.1 kb) containing among others an HTH-type transcriptional regulator Rgg, primosomal protein N’ (replication factor Y) – superfamily II helicase, an FtsK/SpoIIIE family protein and a conjugal transfer protein. The major gap α (34.6 kb) in ATCC BAA-102 T corresponds to a phage region.

Article Snippet: However, CJ18 harbors an additional conjugal transfer protein (Sinf_1366 region R9, Figure ) with high protein sequence identity (82%) to S. thermophilus variant, suggesting a potentially increased capability for DNA uptake compared to ATCC BAA-102 T . This is further supported by the apparent reduced activity of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPRs) and CRISPR associated genes ( cas ) forming the CRISPR/Cas system for defense against foreign DNA [ ].

Techniques:

Journal: BMC Genomics

Article Title: Comparative genome analysis of Streptococcus infantarius subsp. infantarius CJ18, an African fermented camel milk isolate with adaptations to dairy environment

doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-200

Figure Lengend Snippet: Barcode plot of whole genome comparison of Sii CJ18 with genomes of related species. Whole genomes of Streptococcus and Lactococcus strains were compared for the absence (black bar) and presence (white space) of certain genes related to those of CJ18. Several relevant regions (R1-15) were detected in CJ18 containing the following proteins: (R1) phage-related, (R2) cell-/environment signalling, (R3) Eps/Cps synthesis, (R4) phage-related, (R5) restriction endonuclease and methylase, (R6) S. thermophilus -related e.g. LacS/LacZ, (R7) metabolism, (R8) CRISPR-associated, (R9) hypothetical proteins unique for CJ18, (R10) S. infantarius -species-specific, (R11) surface antigen, (R12) putative bacteriocin locus inactive in CJ18, (R13) adhesion-related proteins, (R14) hypothetical proteins shared between S. infantarius and dairy S. gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus and (R15) 2 nd oligopeptide transport operon. Genome characteristic base-deviation index (BDI), GC-skew and GC-content of CJ18 are depicted below the comparison barcode chart. The strains used in this comparison are: 1.) Sii ATCC BAA-102 T , 2.) S. equinus ATCC 9812, 3.) S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus ATCC BAA-2069, 4.) S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus UCN34, 5.) S. bovis ATCC 700338, 6.) S. gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus ACA-DC 198, 7.) S. agalactiae 2603 V/R, 8.) S. agalactiae NEM316, 9.) S. equi subsp. equi 4047, 10.) S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis GGS_124, 11.) S. pyogenes M1 GAS, 12.) S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus MGCS10565, 13.) S. thermophilus LMG18311, 14.) S. thermophilus LMD-9, 15.) S. thermophilus CNRZ1066, 16.) S. sanguinis SK36, 17.) S anginosus 1_2_62CV, 18.) S. mitis B6, 19.) S. pneumoniae D39, 20.) S. pneumoniae R6, 21.) Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris MG1363 and 22.) artificial antibiotic resistance genome .

Article Snippet: However, CJ18 harbors an additional conjugal transfer protein (Sinf_1366 region R9, Figure ) with high protein sequence identity (82%) to S. thermophilus variant, suggesting a potentially increased capability for DNA uptake compared to ATCC BAA-102 T . This is further supported by the apparent reduced activity of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPRs) and CRISPR associated genes ( cas ) forming the CRISPR/Cas system for defense against foreign DNA [ ].

Techniques: CRISPR

Journal: BMC Genomics

Article Title: Comparative genome analysis of Streptococcus infantarius subsp. infantarius CJ18, an African fermented camel milk isolate with adaptations to dairy environment

doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-200

Figure Lengend Snippet: GenBank accession numbers and reference sequence numbers of strains used in this study

Article Snippet: However, CJ18 harbors an additional conjugal transfer protein (Sinf_1366 region R9, Figure ) with high protein sequence identity (82%) to S. thermophilus variant, suggesting a potentially increased capability for DNA uptake compared to ATCC BAA-102 T . This is further supported by the apparent reduced activity of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPRs) and CRISPR associated genes ( cas ) forming the CRISPR/Cas system for defense against foreign DNA [ ].

Techniques: Sequencing, Plasmid Preparation, Derivative Assay

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Deinococcus geothermalis : The Pool of Extreme Radiation Resistance Genes Shrinks

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000955

Figure Lengend Snippet: B, UV (254 nm) (3 J/m 2 s −1 ). Open circle, D. radiodurans (32°C); open triangle, D. geothermalis (50°C); and open square, D. geothermalis (32°C). Values are from three independent trials with standard deviations shown. At near-optimal growth temperatures, the 10% survival values (D 10 ) following IR for D. radiodurans (32°C) and D. geothermalis (50°C) are 15 kGy; for E. coli , 0.7 kGy (37°C) ; and for T. thermophilus (HB27) 0.8 kGy (65°C) . C, PFGE of genomic DNA prepared from irradiated (0.2 kGy) D. radiodurans (DR+IR) and D. geothermalis (DG+IR); and genomic DNA from non-irradiated D. geothermalis digested with Spe I (DG+ Spe I). (M) PFGE DNA size markers. PFGE was as described previously .

Article Snippet: Our previous analysis of the major events in the evolution of the Deinococcus - Thermus group was based on D. radiodurans (ATCC BAA-816) and T. thermophilus strain HB27 .

Techniques: Irradiation