sb202190  (Selleck Chemicals)

Journal: Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Article Title: The Esophageal Organoid System Reveals Functional Interplay Between Notch and Cytokines in Reactive Epithelial Changes

doi: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2017.12.013

Figure Lengend Snippet: Optimization of normal human and murine esophageal 3D organoid culture . Esophageal 3D organoid culture was optimized with the normal human esophageal epithelial cell line EPC2-hTERT in A–C and wild-type murine esophageal cells dissociated from epithelial sheets in D–F (ie, Noggin/R-Spondin1-conditioned medium, Wnt3A, A83-01, SB202190, gastrin, and nicotinamide) were added as indicated. KSFM contains 0.09 mM Ca 2+ (low Ca 2+ ), whereas KSFMC is supplemented with additional CaCl 2 to the final concentration of 0.6 mM Ca 2+ (high Ca 2+ ). The aDMEM medium contains 1 mM Ca 2+ . 3D culture products were photomicrographed under a phase-contrast microscopy and further recovered from Matrigel for H E staining in A and D . Organoids were defined as 3D structures with a diameter of 50 μm or larger. Note that 3D organoid formation was barely observed in aDMEM/F12 with or without unique supplements. Addition of unique supplements also limited organoid formation in KSFM. 3D organoids grown in KSFM showed a lobular pattern of basaloid cell expansion toward surrounding matrix and had a less explicit differentiation gradient as compared with 3D organoids formed in KSFMC. Average organoid size was determined in B and E . OFR was determined in C and F . Scale bar = 100 μm in phase-contrast images and 50 μm in H E staining. * P

Article Snippet: Given the inhibitory effect of SB202190, human esophageal cells may be sensitive to p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase–mediated processes, raising the possibility that antioxidants may alleviate cellular stress and improve cell survival.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Microscopy, Staining

Journal: Journal of Developmental Biology

Article Title: A Synthetic Peptide, CK2.3, Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis through BMPRIa and ERK Signaling Pathway

doi: 10.3390/jdb8030012

Figure Lengend Snippet: p38 inhibitor, SB202190, did not affect the antagonistic effect of CK2.3 on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. ( A ) Concentration curve for SB202190 to determine the working concentration. ( B ) The effect of SB202190 on the antagonistic effect of CK2.3 on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. a: denotes significant difference from Control without inhibitor, b: denotes significant difference from Control with inhibitor, c: denotes significant difference from RANKL at 10 ng/mL without inhibitor, d: denotes significant difference from RANKL at 10 ng/mL with inhibitor, and e: denotes significant difference from RANKL + CK2.3 at 100 nM without inhibitor.

Article Snippet: The cells were treated as follows: RANKL, RANKL + inhibitor (U0126, CAPE, or SB202190), RANKL + CK2.3, RANKL + CK2.3 + inhibitor (U0126, CAPE, or SB202190), RANKL + BMP2, RANKL + BMP2 + inhibitor (U0126, CAPE, or SB202190), untreated, and untreated + inhibitor (U0126, CAPE, or SB202190).

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Autophagy

Article Title: Protective mechanism of FSH against oxidative damage in mouse ovarian granulosa cells by repressing autophagy

doi: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1327941

Figure Lengend Snippet: FSH protects GCs from H 2 O 2 -induced autophagic PCD through the PI3K-AKT pathway. Primary cultured GCs incubated with or without 200 μM H 2 O 2 for 1 h were then rinsed in PBS, and grown in serum-free medium containing 7.5 IU/ml FSH for 2 h. Perifosine (AKT inhibitor, 10 μM), SB203580 (MAPK14 inhibitor, 20 μM), U0126 (MAPK1/3 inhibitor, 3 μM) was added 30 min before FSH treatment. (A) qRT-PCR was performed to measure the mRNA levels of autophagy-related ( Atg ) genes in GCs. Expression data were normalized to that of Actb . ** Represents P

Article Snippet: For FSH treatment, GCs exposed to 200 μM H2 O2 (Sigma-Aldrich, 216763–100ML) for 0 h (none) or 1 h were washed in PBS, and cultured with serum-free DMEM/F-12 containing 7.5 IU/ml FSH (Sigma-Aldrich, F4021) in the presence or absence of pepstatin A and E64 (10 μg/ml; Selleck, S7381 and S7379, respectively), perifosine (10 μM; Selleck, S1037), SB203580 (20 μM; Selleck, S1077), U0126 (3 μM; Selleck, S1102), torin 1 (100 nM; Selleck, S2827), sirtinol (100 μM; Selleck, S2804) or SRT1720 (100 μM; Selleck, S1129) for 0.5, 1, 2, or 3 h as indicated.

Techniques: Cell Culture, Incubation, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing

Journal: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Article Title: Upregulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Primary Cultured Rat Astrocytes Induced by 2-Chloroethanol Via MAPK Signal Pathways

doi: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00218

Figure Lengend Snippet: Involvement of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in MMP-9 induction in primary cultured astrocytes exposed to 2-chloroethanol. Notes: SB, SB202190; 2-CE, 2-chloroethanol. Cells in the exposure group and intervention groups were exposed to 30 mM 2-CE for 24 h. Cells in the intervention groups were pre-exposed with SB 1 h before 2-CE exposure. (A) Western blot analysis. Images were the representative results of four separate experiments for each group. (B) Densitometric analysis of western blots. The relative intensity of MMP-9 and p-p38 in arbitrary units was compared to β-actin. The ratios of phosphorylated p38 to native p38 was expressed as the p-p38/p38. (C) Quantitation of mRNA by real-time RT-PCR. The gene expression was normalized to GAPDH and presented as fold change vs. the control. Data were expressed as mean ± SD of four independent experiments performed on four batches of primary cultured astrocytes, and analyzed by One-way ANOVA. Significant difference was defined as p

Article Snippet: SB202190, U0126, and SP600125 were purchased from Selleck (USA).

Techniques: Cell Culture, Western Blot, Quantitation Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing