s1p  (Echelon Biosciences)


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    Echelon Biosciences s1p
    <t>S1P</t> concentration in BALF collected on the seventh day after intratracheal administration of bleomycin or non-treated control. There were no significant differences in S1P concentration in BALF between wild-type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice at baseline or on the seventh day after bleomycin administration, nor were there significant differences in the S1P concentrations in BALF collected before and after bleomycin administration in WT (baseline vs. seventh day; p = 0.14) or KO (baseline vs. seventh day; p = 0.50) mice.
    S1p, supplied by Echelon Biosciences, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Average 93 stars, based on 1 article reviews
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    s1p - by Bioz Stars, 2023-12
    93/100 stars

    Images

    1) Product Images from "Knock Out of S1P3 Receptor Signaling Attenuates Inflammation and Fibrosis in Bleomycin-Induced Lung Injury Mice Model"

    Article Title: Knock Out of S1P3 Receptor Signaling Attenuates Inflammation and Fibrosis in Bleomycin-Induced Lung Injury Mice Model

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106792

    S1P concentration in BALF collected on the seventh day after intratracheal administration of bleomycin or non-treated control. There were no significant differences in S1P concentration in BALF between wild-type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice at baseline or on the seventh day after bleomycin administration, nor were there significant differences in the S1P concentrations in BALF collected before and after bleomycin administration in WT (baseline vs. seventh day; p = 0.14) or KO (baseline vs. seventh day; p = 0.50) mice.
    Figure Legend Snippet: S1P concentration in BALF collected on the seventh day after intratracheal administration of bleomycin or non-treated control. There were no significant differences in S1P concentration in BALF between wild-type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice at baseline or on the seventh day after bleomycin administration, nor were there significant differences in the S1P concentrations in BALF collected before and after bleomycin administration in WT (baseline vs. seventh day; p = 0.14) or KO (baseline vs. seventh day; p = 0.50) mice.

    Techniques Used: Concentration Assay, Knock-Out

    s1p  (Echelon Biosciences)


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    Echelon Biosciences s1p
    The effect of bradykinin (Bra), <t>S1P</t> and PGE on the expression of endothelial differentiation markers CD31, vWF and eNOS in ASCs differentiated to endothelial-like cells. Real-Time PCR was performed to evaluate target gene expression. GAPDH was used to normalize target gene expression levels. A no treatment group was used as control to calculate relative expression between treatments groups. Left panel is for CD31, middle panel is for vWF and right panel is for eNOS. A total n = 6 individual ASC cell lines were tested.
    S1p, supplied by Echelon Biosciences, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    1) Product Images from "Sphingosine-1-phosphate promotes the differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expressing endothelial-like cells"

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate promotes the differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expressing endothelial-like cells

    Journal: Journal of Biomedical Science

    doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-21-55

    The effect of bradykinin (Bra), S1P and PGE on the expression of endothelial differentiation markers CD31, vWF and eNOS in ASCs differentiated to endothelial-like cells. Real-Time PCR was performed to evaluate target gene expression. GAPDH was used to normalize target gene expression levels. A no treatment group was used as control to calculate relative expression between treatments groups. Left panel is for CD31, middle panel is for vWF and right panel is for eNOS. A total n = 6 individual ASC cell lines were tested.
    Figure Legend Snippet: The effect of bradykinin (Bra), S1P and PGE on the expression of endothelial differentiation markers CD31, vWF and eNOS in ASCs differentiated to endothelial-like cells. Real-Time PCR was performed to evaluate target gene expression. GAPDH was used to normalize target gene expression levels. A no treatment group was used as control to calculate relative expression between treatments groups. Left panel is for CD31, middle panel is for vWF and right panel is for eNOS. A total n = 6 individual ASC cell lines were tested.

    Techniques Used: Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

    Immunostaining for eNOS in six different experimental groups. Cells were grown in M-199, EGM2, EGM2 + bradykinin treatment, EGM2 + PGE treatment, EGM2 + S1P. Red fluorescent staining shows the localization of eNOS. ASCs grown in M-199 served as an undifferentiated negative control and HUVEC served as positive controls. Cells treated with S1P show greater red fluorescence intensity compared to the other groups.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Immunostaining for eNOS in six different experimental groups. Cells were grown in M-199, EGM2, EGM2 + bradykinin treatment, EGM2 + PGE treatment, EGM2 + S1P. Red fluorescent staining shows the localization of eNOS. ASCs grown in M-199 served as an undifferentiated negative control and HUVEC served as positive controls. Cells treated with S1P show greater red fluorescence intensity compared to the other groups.

    Techniques Used: Immunostaining, Staining, Negative Control, Fluorescence

    The effect of S1P on cell growth during differentiation of ASCs to the endothelial phenotype. Cell growth was evaluated by MTT assay (panel A) , direct cell count (panel B) and EdU DNA-incorporation kit (panel C) . Green staining indicates newly synthesized DNA with EdU incorporation and blue staining is DAPI staining to highlight nuclei. Four individual ASCs cell lines were used. Each cell line was subcultured into two identical sets, one for S1P treatment and one without S1P for control. Student t -test was performed to compare the difference between control and S1P treated cells. *indicated statistical significance with p < .05.
    Figure Legend Snippet: The effect of S1P on cell growth during differentiation of ASCs to the endothelial phenotype. Cell growth was evaluated by MTT assay (panel A) , direct cell count (panel B) and EdU DNA-incorporation kit (panel C) . Green staining indicates newly synthesized DNA with EdU incorporation and blue staining is DAPI staining to highlight nuclei. Four individual ASCs cell lines were used. Each cell line was subcultured into two identical sets, one for S1P treatment and one without S1P for control. Student t -test was performed to compare the difference between control and S1P treated cells. *indicated statistical significance with p < .05.

    Techniques Used: MTT Assay, Cell Counting, Staining, Synthesized

    The up-regulation of PI3K in S1P treated ASC-differentiated endothelial cells. Panel A : Western-blot for PI3K and β-actin in ASCs (M-199), ASC-differentiated endothelial cells (EGM2) and S1P treated ASC-differentiated endothelial cells (EGM2 + S1P). Panel B : Analyzed Western-blot data from four ASC cell lines, *indicated statistical significance with p < .05. C : Immunostaining for PI3K and β-actin in ASC-differentiated endothelial cells. Red fluorescence is for PI3K and green fluorescence is for β-actin. Both Western-blot and immunostaining demonstrate the up-regulation of PI3K by S1P in ASC-differentiated endothelial cells.
    Figure Legend Snippet: The up-regulation of PI3K in S1P treated ASC-differentiated endothelial cells. Panel A : Western-blot for PI3K and β-actin in ASCs (M-199), ASC-differentiated endothelial cells (EGM2) and S1P treated ASC-differentiated endothelial cells (EGM2 + S1P). Panel B : Analyzed Western-blot data from four ASC cell lines, *indicated statistical significance with p < .05. C : Immunostaining for PI3K and β-actin in ASC-differentiated endothelial cells. Red fluorescence is for PI3K and green fluorescence is for β-actin. Both Western-blot and immunostaining demonstrate the up-regulation of PI3K by S1P in ASC-differentiated endothelial cells.

    Techniques Used: Western Blot, Immunostaining, Fluorescence

    sphingosine 1 phosphate s1p cayman  (Echelon Biosciences)


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    Echelon Biosciences sphingosine 1 phosphate s1p cayman
    Murine Plpp6 gene expression and activity is regulated during inflammation (A) PLPP6 converts presqualene diphosphate (PSDP) into presqualene monophosphate (PSMP) upon cell activation. (B) Phosphate release from PSDP, <t>sphingosine-1-phosphate</t> <t>(S1P),</t> farnesyl diphosphate (FDP), phosphatidic acid (PA), and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) exposed to recombinant murine PLPP6 (see ); experiments were performed 4 times for a total of n = 3 to 4. (C) Allergic lung inflammation model with house dust mite (HDM) exposure (see ). (D) Lung Plpp6 expression in WT mice on day 16 of HDM protocol; experiments were performed 2 times for a total of n = 4 to 7; data represent fold change relative to baseline expression. (E) Extracted ion chromatogram (MS-XIC) and MS/MS assignment of isolated PSMP ([M−H] = 505.35). (F) PSMP content in lungs from WT and Plpp6 −/− mice on day 16 of HDM protocol; results are expressed as fold change to the mean value of PSMP in the naive group of the same genotype; experiments were performed 3 times for a total of n = 3. ∗ p < 0.05 and ∗∗ p < 0.01 comparing S1P, FDP, PA, LPA to PSDP by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test for multiple comparisons. ## p < 0.01 comparing inflammation to baseline by unpaired nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. Bars represent median with interquartile range. See also <xref ref-type=Figure S1 . " width="250" height="auto" />
    Sphingosine 1 Phosphate S1p Cayman, supplied by Echelon Biosciences, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    1) Product Images from "Mouse phospholipid phosphatase 6 regulates dendritic cell cholesterol, macropinocytosis, and allergen sensitization"

    Article Title: Mouse phospholipid phosphatase 6 regulates dendritic cell cholesterol, macropinocytosis, and allergen sensitization

    Journal: iScience

    doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105185

    Murine Plpp6 gene expression and activity is regulated during inflammation (A) PLPP6 converts presqualene diphosphate (PSDP) into presqualene monophosphate (PSMP) upon cell activation. (B) Phosphate release from PSDP, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), farnesyl diphosphate (FDP), phosphatidic acid (PA), and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) exposed to recombinant murine PLPP6 (see ); experiments were performed 4 times for a total of n = 3 to 4. (C) Allergic lung inflammation model with house dust mite (HDM) exposure (see ). (D) Lung Plpp6 expression in WT mice on day 16 of HDM protocol; experiments were performed 2 times for a total of n = 4 to 7; data represent fold change relative to baseline expression. (E) Extracted ion chromatogram (MS-XIC) and MS/MS assignment of isolated PSMP ([M−H] = 505.35). (F) PSMP content in lungs from WT and Plpp6 −/− mice on day 16 of HDM protocol; results are expressed as fold change to the mean value of PSMP in the naive group of the same genotype; experiments were performed 3 times for a total of n = 3. ∗ p < 0.05 and ∗∗ p < 0.01 comparing S1P, FDP, PA, LPA to PSDP by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test for multiple comparisons. ## p < 0.01 comparing inflammation to baseline by unpaired nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. Bars represent median with interquartile range. See also <xref ref-type=Figure S1 . " title="... upon cell activation. (B) Phosphate release from PSDP, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), farnesyl diphosphate (FDP), phosphatidic acid (PA), and ..." property="contentUrl" width="100%" height="100%"/>
    Figure Legend Snippet: Murine Plpp6 gene expression and activity is regulated during inflammation (A) PLPP6 converts presqualene diphosphate (PSDP) into presqualene monophosphate (PSMP) upon cell activation. (B) Phosphate release from PSDP, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), farnesyl diphosphate (FDP), phosphatidic acid (PA), and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) exposed to recombinant murine PLPP6 (see ); experiments were performed 4 times for a total of n = 3 to 4. (C) Allergic lung inflammation model with house dust mite (HDM) exposure (see ). (D) Lung Plpp6 expression in WT mice on day 16 of HDM protocol; experiments were performed 2 times for a total of n = 4 to 7; data represent fold change relative to baseline expression. (E) Extracted ion chromatogram (MS-XIC) and MS/MS assignment of isolated PSMP ([M−H] = 505.35). (F) PSMP content in lungs from WT and Plpp6 −/− mice on day 16 of HDM protocol; results are expressed as fold change to the mean value of PSMP in the naive group of the same genotype; experiments were performed 3 times for a total of n = 3. ∗ p < 0.05 and ∗∗ p < 0.01 comparing S1P, FDP, PA, LPA to PSDP by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test for multiple comparisons. ## p < 0.01 comparing inflammation to baseline by unpaired nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. Bars represent median with interquartile range. See also Figure S1 .

    Techniques Used: Expressing, Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Recombinant, Tandem Mass Spectroscopy, Isolation, MANN-WHITNEY


    Figure Legend Snippet:

    Techniques Used: Clone Assay, Recombinant, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Quantitation Assay, Software, Staining, Cell Stimulation, Antibody Labeling

    sphingosine 1 phosphate contents  (Echelon Biosciences)


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    Echelon Biosciences sphingosine 1 phosphate contents
    The effect of empagliflozin on <t>sphingosine-1-phosphate</t> content in plasma, kidney, heart, and liver of diabetic rats. Control (C), diabetic (D), and diabetic rats treated with empagliflozin (D+E). Each bar represents the mean ± SE of n = 10. * p < 0.05 when compared with control; δ p < 0.05 when compared with diabetic rats.
    Sphingosine 1 Phosphate Contents, supplied by Echelon Biosciences, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    1) Product Images from "Effect of Empagliflozin on Sphingolipid Catabolism in Diabetic and Hypertensive Rats"

    Article Title: Effect of Empagliflozin on Sphingolipid Catabolism in Diabetic and Hypertensive Rats

    Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

    doi: 10.3390/ijms23052883

    The effect of empagliflozin on sphingosine-1-phosphate content in plasma, kidney, heart, and liver of diabetic rats. Control (C), diabetic (D), and diabetic rats treated with empagliflozin (D+E). Each bar represents the mean ± SE of n = 10. * p < 0.05 when compared with control; δ p < 0.05 when compared with diabetic rats.
    Figure Legend Snippet: The effect of empagliflozin on sphingosine-1-phosphate content in plasma, kidney, heart, and liver of diabetic rats. Control (C), diabetic (D), and diabetic rats treated with empagliflozin (D+E). Each bar represents the mean ± SE of n = 10. * p < 0.05 when compared with control; δ p < 0.05 when compared with diabetic rats.

    Techniques Used:

    The effect of empagliflozin on sphingosine-1-phosphate content in plasma, kidney, heart, and liver of hypertensive rats. Normotensive (Sham), hypertensive (Ang II-induced hypertensive rats), and empagliflozin-treated hypertensive rats (Ang II + E). Each bar represents the mean ± SE of n = 10. * p < 0.05 when compared with sham; δ p < 0.05 when compared with hypertensive rats.
    Figure Legend Snippet: The effect of empagliflozin on sphingosine-1-phosphate content in plasma, kidney, heart, and liver of hypertensive rats. Normotensive (Sham), hypertensive (Ang II-induced hypertensive rats), and empagliflozin-treated hypertensive rats (Ang II + E). Each bar represents the mean ± SE of n = 10. * p < 0.05 when compared with sham; δ p < 0.05 when compared with hypertensive rats.

    Techniques Used:

    sphingosine  (Echelon Biosciences)


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    Echelon Biosciences sphingosine
    Sphingosine, supplied by Echelon Biosciences, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    sphingosine 1 phosphate  (Echelon Biosciences)


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    Echelon Biosciences sphingosine 1 phosphate
    Migration of integrin-alpha-6-positive germ cell precursors towards low concentrations of <t>Sphingosine-1-Phosphate</t> (S1P) depends on ABC transporter activity. (A) Representative example of FISH showing expression of abcb1 in vasa+ cells. Dashed line outlines the germ cell niche on the primary bud. All vasa+ cells (red) co-express abcb1 (green). The white arrow indicates a cluster of small germline stem cells, the blue arrow indicates a maturing oocyte. Red and green channels are shown individually with nuclear counterstaining (Hoechst 3342, blue), and merged images on the right show co-expression of both genes (yellow). Gray box indicates magnified region of the merged image. Scale bars: 20 μm. (B) Transwell migration assay of IA6+ cells in response to different concentrations of S1P, with or without inhibitors of ABC transporters. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (0.2-2 μM), ABCB1-inhibitor (10 μM CP 1000356 hydrochloride), ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM probenecid), or ABCB1 and ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM reversan) were added to the bottom wells where indicated. Control wells contain only migration medium. IA6+ cells were added to the upper chamber of an 8 μm transwell filter coated with laminin; after 2 h, migrated cells in the lower chamber were counted. Data are expressed as fold changes of the numbers of migrated cells, normalized to controls (n=4). Statistical analysis was performed using a paired two-tailed Student's t-test.
    Sphingosine 1 Phosphate, supplied by Echelon Biosciences, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    1) Product Images from "Evidence that ABC transporter-mediated autocrine export of an eicosanoid signaling molecule enhances germ cell chemotaxis in the colonial tunicate Botryllus schlosseri"

    Article Title: Evidence that ABC transporter-mediated autocrine export of an eicosanoid signaling molecule enhances germ cell chemotaxis in the colonial tunicate Botryllus schlosseri

    Journal: Development (Cambridge, England)

    doi: 10.1242/dev.184663

    Migration of integrin-alpha-6-positive germ cell precursors towards low concentrations of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P) depends on ABC transporter activity. (A) Representative example of FISH showing expression of abcb1 in vasa+ cells. Dashed line outlines the germ cell niche on the primary bud. All vasa+ cells (red) co-express abcb1 (green). The white arrow indicates a cluster of small germline stem cells, the blue arrow indicates a maturing oocyte. Red and green channels are shown individually with nuclear counterstaining (Hoechst 3342, blue), and merged images on the right show co-expression of both genes (yellow). Gray box indicates magnified region of the merged image. Scale bars: 20 μm. (B) Transwell migration assay of IA6+ cells in response to different concentrations of S1P, with or without inhibitors of ABC transporters. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (0.2-2 μM), ABCB1-inhibitor (10 μM CP 1000356 hydrochloride), ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM probenecid), or ABCB1 and ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM reversan) were added to the bottom wells where indicated. Control wells contain only migration medium. IA6+ cells were added to the upper chamber of an 8 μm transwell filter coated with laminin; after 2 h, migrated cells in the lower chamber were counted. Data are expressed as fold changes of the numbers of migrated cells, normalized to controls (n=4). Statistical analysis was performed using a paired two-tailed Student's t-test.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Migration of integrin-alpha-6-positive germ cell precursors towards low concentrations of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P) depends on ABC transporter activity. (A) Representative example of FISH showing expression of abcb1 in vasa+ cells. Dashed line outlines the germ cell niche on the primary bud. All vasa+ cells (red) co-express abcb1 (green). The white arrow indicates a cluster of small germline stem cells, the blue arrow indicates a maturing oocyte. Red and green channels are shown individually with nuclear counterstaining (Hoechst 3342, blue), and merged images on the right show co-expression of both genes (yellow). Gray box indicates magnified region of the merged image. Scale bars: 20 μm. (B) Transwell migration assay of IA6+ cells in response to different concentrations of S1P, with or without inhibitors of ABC transporters. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (0.2-2 μM), ABCB1-inhibitor (10 μM CP 1000356 hydrochloride), ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM probenecid), or ABCB1 and ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM reversan) were added to the bottom wells where indicated. Control wells contain only migration medium. IA6+ cells were added to the upper chamber of an 8 μm transwell filter coated with laminin; after 2 h, migrated cells in the lower chamber were counted. Data are expressed as fold changes of the numbers of migrated cells, normalized to controls (n=4). Statistical analysis was performed using a paired two-tailed Student's t-test.

    Techniques Used: Migration, Activity Assay, Expressing, Transwell Migration Assay, Two Tailed Test

    sphingosine 1 phosphate  (Echelon Biosciences)


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    Echelon Biosciences sphingosine 1 phosphate
    Migration of integrin-alpha-6-positive germ cell precursors towards low concentrations of <t>Sphingosine-1-Phosphate</t> (S1P) depends on ABC transporter activity. (A) Representative example of FISH showing expression of abcb1 in vasa+ cells. Dashed line outlines the germ cell niche on the primary bud. All vasa+ cells (red) co-express abcb1 (green). The white arrow indicates a cluster of small germline stem cells, the blue arrow indicates a maturing oocyte. Red and green channels are shown individually with nuclear counterstaining (Hoechst 3342, blue), and merged images on the right show co-expression of both genes (yellow). Gray box indicates magnified region of the merged image. Scale bars: 20 μm. (B) Transwell migration assay of IA6+ cells in response to different concentrations of S1P, with or without inhibitors of ABC transporters. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (0.2-2 μM), ABCB1-inhibitor (10 μM CP 1000356 hydrochloride), ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM probenecid), or ABCB1 and ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM reversan) were added to the bottom wells where indicated. Control wells contain only migration medium. IA6+ cells were added to the upper chamber of an 8 μm transwell filter coated with laminin; after 2 h, migrated cells in the lower chamber were counted. Data are expressed as fold changes of the numbers of migrated cells, normalized to controls (n=4). Statistical analysis was performed using a paired two-tailed Student's t-test.
    Sphingosine 1 Phosphate, supplied by Echelon Biosciences, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Images

    1) Product Images from "Evidence that ABC transporter-mediated autocrine export of an eicosanoid signaling molecule enhances germ cell chemotaxis in the colonial tunicate Botryllus schlosseri"

    Article Title: Evidence that ABC transporter-mediated autocrine export of an eicosanoid signaling molecule enhances germ cell chemotaxis in the colonial tunicate Botryllus schlosseri

    Journal: Development (Cambridge, England)

    doi: 10.1242/dev.184663

    Migration of integrin-alpha-6-positive germ cell precursors towards low concentrations of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P) depends on ABC transporter activity. (A) Representative example of FISH showing expression of abcb1 in vasa+ cells. Dashed line outlines the germ cell niche on the primary bud. All vasa+ cells (red) co-express abcb1 (green). The white arrow indicates a cluster of small germline stem cells, the blue arrow indicates a maturing oocyte. Red and green channels are shown individually with nuclear counterstaining (Hoechst 3342, blue), and merged images on the right show co-expression of both genes (yellow). Gray box indicates magnified region of the merged image. Scale bars: 20 μm. (B) Transwell migration assay of IA6+ cells in response to different concentrations of S1P, with or without inhibitors of ABC transporters. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (0.2-2 μM), ABCB1-inhibitor (10 μM CP 1000356 hydrochloride), ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM probenecid), or ABCB1 and ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM reversan) were added to the bottom wells where indicated. Control wells contain only migration medium. IA6+ cells were added to the upper chamber of an 8 μm transwell filter coated with laminin; after 2 h, migrated cells in the lower chamber were counted. Data are expressed as fold changes of the numbers of migrated cells, normalized to controls (n=4). Statistical analysis was performed using a paired two-tailed Student's t-test.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Migration of integrin-alpha-6-positive germ cell precursors towards low concentrations of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P) depends on ABC transporter activity. (A) Representative example of FISH showing expression of abcb1 in vasa+ cells. Dashed line outlines the germ cell niche on the primary bud. All vasa+ cells (red) co-express abcb1 (green). The white arrow indicates a cluster of small germline stem cells, the blue arrow indicates a maturing oocyte. Red and green channels are shown individually with nuclear counterstaining (Hoechst 3342, blue), and merged images on the right show co-expression of both genes (yellow). Gray box indicates magnified region of the merged image. Scale bars: 20 μm. (B) Transwell migration assay of IA6+ cells in response to different concentrations of S1P, with or without inhibitors of ABC transporters. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (0.2-2 μM), ABCB1-inhibitor (10 μM CP 1000356 hydrochloride), ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM probenecid), or ABCB1 and ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM reversan) were added to the bottom wells where indicated. Control wells contain only migration medium. IA6+ cells were added to the upper chamber of an 8 μm transwell filter coated with laminin; after 2 h, migrated cells in the lower chamber were counted. Data are expressed as fold changes of the numbers of migrated cells, normalized to controls (n=4). Statistical analysis was performed using a paired two-tailed Student's t-test.

    Techniques Used: Migration, Activity Assay, Expressing, Transwell Migration Assay, Two Tailed Test

    sphingosine 1 phosphate  (Echelon Biosciences)


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    Echelon Biosciences sphingosine 1 phosphate
    Specific detection of PtdIns(3,4,5) P 3 in the nucleolus. A , PIP strip (Echelon Inc) schematic showing the position of the spotted lipids each with 100 pmol. B , validation of the anti-PtdIns(3,4,5) P 3 antibody specificity using PIP strips. C , validation of the specificity of the recombinant GST-EGFP-GRP1-PH WT versus binding mutant K273A. D and E , confocal microscopy of actively growing HeLa cells stained with the indicated antibodies ( D ) or by incubation with recombinant GST-EGFP-GRP1-PH WT or K273A mutant combined with anti-nucleophosmin staining ( E ). F , quantification of the detection of nucleolar PtdIns(3,4,5) P 3 expressed as the percentage of HeLa cells showing foci detected by the GST-EGFP-GRP1-PH probe WT or K273A mutant within the area delimited by nucleophosmin (mean + SDs, n = 3, ∗ p < 0.05 two-way unpaired Student’s t test). The scale bar represents 5 μm. GRP1, general receptor for phosphoinositides-1; LPA, lysophosphatidic acid; LPC, lysophosphatidylcholine; PA, phosphatidic acid; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PH, pleckstrin homology; PI, phosphatidylinositol; PIP3, PtdIns(3,4,5) P 3 ; PS, phosphatidylserine; PtdIns(3,4,5) P 3 , phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate; <t>S1P,</t> <t>sphingosine-1-phosphate;</t> UBF, upstream binding factor.
    Sphingosine 1 Phosphate, supplied by Echelon Biosciences, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Images

    1) Product Images from "Nuclear Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-Trisphosphate Interactome Uncovers an Enrichment in Nucleolar Proteins"

    Article Title: Nuclear Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-Trisphosphate Interactome Uncovers an Enrichment in Nucleolar Proteins

    Journal: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics : MCP

    doi: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100102

    Specific detection of PtdIns(3,4,5) P 3 in the nucleolus. A , PIP strip (Echelon Inc) schematic showing the position of the spotted lipids each with 100 pmol. B , validation of the anti-PtdIns(3,4,5) P 3 antibody specificity using PIP strips. C , validation of the specificity of the recombinant GST-EGFP-GRP1-PH WT versus binding mutant K273A. D and E , confocal microscopy of actively growing HeLa cells stained with the indicated antibodies ( D ) or by incubation with recombinant GST-EGFP-GRP1-PH WT or K273A mutant combined with anti-nucleophosmin staining ( E ). F , quantification of the detection of nucleolar PtdIns(3,4,5) P 3 expressed as the percentage of HeLa cells showing foci detected by the GST-EGFP-GRP1-PH probe WT or K273A mutant within the area delimited by nucleophosmin (mean + SDs, n = 3, ∗ p < 0.05 two-way unpaired Student’s t test). The scale bar represents 5 μm. GRP1, general receptor for phosphoinositides-1; LPA, lysophosphatidic acid; LPC, lysophosphatidylcholine; PA, phosphatidic acid; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PH, pleckstrin homology; PI, phosphatidylinositol; PIP3, PtdIns(3,4,5) P 3 ; PS, phosphatidylserine; PtdIns(3,4,5) P 3 , phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate; S1P, sphingosine-1-phosphate; UBF, upstream binding factor.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Specific detection of PtdIns(3,4,5) P 3 in the nucleolus. A , PIP strip (Echelon Inc) schematic showing the position of the spotted lipids each with 100 pmol. B , validation of the anti-PtdIns(3,4,5) P 3 antibody specificity using PIP strips. C , validation of the specificity of the recombinant GST-EGFP-GRP1-PH WT versus binding mutant K273A. D and E , confocal microscopy of actively growing HeLa cells stained with the indicated antibodies ( D ) or by incubation with recombinant GST-EGFP-GRP1-PH WT or K273A mutant combined with anti-nucleophosmin staining ( E ). F , quantification of the detection of nucleolar PtdIns(3,4,5) P 3 expressed as the percentage of HeLa cells showing foci detected by the GST-EGFP-GRP1-PH probe WT or K273A mutant within the area delimited by nucleophosmin (mean + SDs, n = 3, ∗ p < 0.05 two-way unpaired Student’s t test). The scale bar represents 5 μm. GRP1, general receptor for phosphoinositides-1; LPA, lysophosphatidic acid; LPC, lysophosphatidylcholine; PA, phosphatidic acid; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PH, pleckstrin homology; PI, phosphatidylinositol; PIP3, PtdIns(3,4,5) P 3 ; PS, phosphatidylserine; PtdIns(3,4,5) P 3 , phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate; S1P, sphingosine-1-phosphate; UBF, upstream binding factor.

    Techniques Used: Stripping Membranes, Recombinant, Binding Assay, Mutagenesis, Confocal Microscopy, Staining, Incubation

    PARP1 binds to PPIn via three polybasic regions. A , domain structure of PARP1 and deletion constructs. B , schematic representation of lipids spotted (100 pmol) on PIP strips (Echelon Biosciences) including lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns), PtdIns3 P , PtdIns4 P , PtdIns5 P , phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P), PtdIns(3,4) P 2 , PtdIns(3,5) P 2 , PtdIns(4,5) P 2 , PtdIns(3,4,5) P 3 , phosphatic acid (PA), phosphatidylserine (PS), and blank. C and D , lipid overlay assay using PIP strips incubated with recombinant GST-PARP1 deletion constructs WT and mutants and detection of protein–lipid interactions using an anti-GST-HRP–conjugated antibody. E , multiple sequence alignment of the polybasic regions located in the zinc finger III and the BRCT-WGR linker found in human PARP-1 compared with other vertebrate species performed using the online program MUSCLE. Accession number for Homo sapiens (P09874), Mus musculus (P11103), Bos taurus (P18493), Gallus gallus (P26446), Xenopus laevis (P31669), and Danio rerio (Q5RHR0). F , ribbon representation of the human PARP-1 zinc-finger III NMR structure (aa 233–357 PDB: 2JVN, ). The two polybasic regions found in the N-terminal (aa 233–236) and C-terminal (aa 346–352) parts of the zinc-finger III are colored in red . ART, (ADP-ribosyl) transferase domain (ART); BRCT, BRCA1 C-terminal domain; HD, helical subdomain; HRP, horse radish peroxidase; PARP1, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1; ZnF 1 to 3, zinc-finger I-III; WGR, Trp-Gly-Arg.
    Figure Legend Snippet: PARP1 binds to PPIn via three polybasic regions. A , domain structure of PARP1 and deletion constructs. B , schematic representation of lipids spotted (100 pmol) on PIP strips (Echelon Biosciences) including lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns), PtdIns3 P , PtdIns4 P , PtdIns5 P , phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P), PtdIns(3,4) P 2 , PtdIns(3,5) P 2 , PtdIns(4,5) P 2 , PtdIns(3,4,5) P 3 , phosphatic acid (PA), phosphatidylserine (PS), and blank. C and D , lipid overlay assay using PIP strips incubated with recombinant GST-PARP1 deletion constructs WT and mutants and detection of protein–lipid interactions using an anti-GST-HRP–conjugated antibody. E , multiple sequence alignment of the polybasic regions located in the zinc finger III and the BRCT-WGR linker found in human PARP-1 compared with other vertebrate species performed using the online program MUSCLE. Accession number for Homo sapiens (P09874), Mus musculus (P11103), Bos taurus (P18493), Gallus gallus (P26446), Xenopus laevis (P31669), and Danio rerio (Q5RHR0). F , ribbon representation of the human PARP-1 zinc-finger III NMR structure (aa 233–357 PDB: 2JVN, ). The two polybasic regions found in the N-terminal (aa 233–236) and C-terminal (aa 346–352) parts of the zinc-finger III are colored in red . ART, (ADP-ribosyl) transferase domain (ART); BRCT, BRCA1 C-terminal domain; HD, helical subdomain; HRP, horse radish peroxidase; PARP1, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1; ZnF 1 to 3, zinc-finger I-III; WGR, Trp-Gly-Arg.

    Techniques Used: Construct, Overlay Assay, Incubation, Recombinant, Sequencing

    sphingosine 1 phosphate levels  (Echelon Biosciences)


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    Structured Review

    Echelon Biosciences sphingosine 1 phosphate levels
    Sphingosine 1 Phosphate Levels, supplied by Echelon Biosciences, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    sphingosine 1 phosphate  (Echelon Biosciences)


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    Echelon Biosciences sphingosine 1 phosphate
    Glycocalyx breakdown products, and <t>sphingosine-1-phosphate,</t> in patients with knowlesi ( A – C ) and vivax ( D – F ) malaria, and in healthy controls. Errors bars indicate median and inter-quartile range. For comparisons between severe knowlesi malaria and controls, the P values are < 0.0001, 0.185, and 0.013 for panels ( A ), ( B ) and ( C ), respectively. For comparisons between severe knowlesi malaria and controls, the P values are < 0.001, 0.899, and 0.980, for panels ( D ), ( E ) and ( F ), respectively.
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    1) Product Images from "Endothelial glycocalyx degradation and disease severity in Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium knowlesi malaria"

    Article Title: Endothelial glycocalyx degradation and disease severity in Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium knowlesi malaria

    Journal: Scientific Reports

    doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-88962-6

    Glycocalyx breakdown products, and sphingosine-1-phosphate, in patients with knowlesi ( A – C ) and vivax ( D – F ) malaria, and in healthy controls. Errors bars indicate median and inter-quartile range. For comparisons between severe knowlesi malaria and controls, the P values are < 0.0001, 0.185, and 0.013 for panels ( A ), ( B ) and ( C ), respectively. For comparisons between severe knowlesi malaria and controls, the P values are < 0.001, 0.899, and 0.980, for panels ( D ), ( E ) and ( F ), respectively.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Glycocalyx breakdown products, and sphingosine-1-phosphate, in patients with knowlesi ( A – C ) and vivax ( D – F ) malaria, and in healthy controls. Errors bars indicate median and inter-quartile range. For comparisons between severe knowlesi malaria and controls, the P values are < 0.0001, 0.185, and 0.013 for panels ( A ), ( B ) and ( C ), respectively. For comparisons between severe knowlesi malaria and controls, the P values are < 0.001, 0.899, and 0.980, for panels ( D ), ( E ) and ( F ), respectively.

    Techniques Used:

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    Echelon Biosciences s1p
    <t>S1P</t> concentration in BALF collected on the seventh day after intratracheal administration of bleomycin or non-treated control. There were no significant differences in S1P concentration in BALF between wild-type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice at baseline or on the seventh day after bleomycin administration, nor were there significant differences in the S1P concentrations in BALF collected before and after bleomycin administration in WT (baseline vs. seventh day; p = 0.14) or KO (baseline vs. seventh day; p = 0.50) mice.
    S1p, supplied by Echelon Biosciences, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Echelon Biosciences sphingosine 1 phosphate s1p cayman
    Murine Plpp6 gene expression and activity is regulated during inflammation (A) PLPP6 converts presqualene diphosphate (PSDP) into presqualene monophosphate (PSMP) upon cell activation. (B) Phosphate release from PSDP, <t>sphingosine-1-phosphate</t> <t>(S1P),</t> farnesyl diphosphate (FDP), phosphatidic acid (PA), and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) exposed to recombinant murine PLPP6 (see ); experiments were performed 4 times for a total of n = 3 to 4. (C) Allergic lung inflammation model with house dust mite (HDM) exposure (see ). (D) Lung Plpp6 expression in WT mice on day 16 of HDM protocol; experiments were performed 2 times for a total of n = 4 to 7; data represent fold change relative to baseline expression. (E) Extracted ion chromatogram (MS-XIC) and MS/MS assignment of isolated PSMP ([M−H] = 505.35). (F) PSMP content in lungs from WT and Plpp6 −/− mice on day 16 of HDM protocol; results are expressed as fold change to the mean value of PSMP in the naive group of the same genotype; experiments were performed 3 times for a total of n = 3. ∗ p < 0.05 and ∗∗ p < 0.01 comparing S1P, FDP, PA, LPA to PSDP by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test for multiple comparisons. ## p < 0.01 comparing inflammation to baseline by unpaired nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. Bars represent median with interquartile range. See also <xref ref-type=Figure S1 . " width="250" height="auto" />
    Sphingosine 1 Phosphate S1p Cayman, supplied by Echelon Biosciences, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Echelon Biosciences sphingosine 1 phosphate contents
    The effect of empagliflozin on <t>sphingosine-1-phosphate</t> content in plasma, kidney, heart, and liver of diabetic rats. Control (C), diabetic (D), and diabetic rats treated with empagliflozin (D+E). Each bar represents the mean ± SE of n = 10. * p < 0.05 when compared with control; δ p < 0.05 when compared with diabetic rats.
    Sphingosine 1 Phosphate Contents, supplied by Echelon Biosciences, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Echelon Biosciences sphingosine
    The effect of empagliflozin on <t>sphingosine-1-phosphate</t> content in plasma, kidney, heart, and liver of diabetic rats. Control (C), diabetic (D), and diabetic rats treated with empagliflozin (D+E). Each bar represents the mean ± SE of n = 10. * p < 0.05 when compared with control; δ p < 0.05 when compared with diabetic rats.
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    Echelon Biosciences sphingosine 1 phosphate
    Migration of integrin-alpha-6-positive germ cell precursors towards low concentrations of <t>Sphingosine-1-Phosphate</t> (S1P) depends on ABC transporter activity. (A) Representative example of FISH showing expression of abcb1 in vasa+ cells. Dashed line outlines the germ cell niche on the primary bud. All vasa+ cells (red) co-express abcb1 (green). The white arrow indicates a cluster of small germline stem cells, the blue arrow indicates a maturing oocyte. Red and green channels are shown individually with nuclear counterstaining (Hoechst 3342, blue), and merged images on the right show co-expression of both genes (yellow). Gray box indicates magnified region of the merged image. Scale bars: 20 μm. (B) Transwell migration assay of IA6+ cells in response to different concentrations of S1P, with or without inhibitors of ABC transporters. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (0.2-2 μM), ABCB1-inhibitor (10 μM CP 1000356 hydrochloride), ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM probenecid), or ABCB1 and ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM reversan) were added to the bottom wells where indicated. Control wells contain only migration medium. IA6+ cells were added to the upper chamber of an 8 μm transwell filter coated with laminin; after 2 h, migrated cells in the lower chamber were counted. Data are expressed as fold changes of the numbers of migrated cells, normalized to controls (n=4). Statistical analysis was performed using a paired two-tailed Student's t-test.
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    Echelon Biosciences sphingosine 1 phosphate levels
    Migration of integrin-alpha-6-positive germ cell precursors towards low concentrations of <t>Sphingosine-1-Phosphate</t> (S1P) depends on ABC transporter activity. (A) Representative example of FISH showing expression of abcb1 in vasa+ cells. Dashed line outlines the germ cell niche on the primary bud. All vasa+ cells (red) co-express abcb1 (green). The white arrow indicates a cluster of small germline stem cells, the blue arrow indicates a maturing oocyte. Red and green channels are shown individually with nuclear counterstaining (Hoechst 3342, blue), and merged images on the right show co-expression of both genes (yellow). Gray box indicates magnified region of the merged image. Scale bars: 20 μm. (B) Transwell migration assay of IA6+ cells in response to different concentrations of S1P, with or without inhibitors of ABC transporters. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (0.2-2 μM), ABCB1-inhibitor (10 μM CP 1000356 hydrochloride), ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM probenecid), or ABCB1 and ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM reversan) were added to the bottom wells where indicated. Control wells contain only migration medium. IA6+ cells were added to the upper chamber of an 8 μm transwell filter coated with laminin; after 2 h, migrated cells in the lower chamber were counted. Data are expressed as fold changes of the numbers of migrated cells, normalized to controls (n=4). Statistical analysis was performed using a paired two-tailed Student's t-test.
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    S1P concentration in BALF collected on the seventh day after intratracheal administration of bleomycin or non-treated control. There were no significant differences in S1P concentration in BALF between wild-type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice at baseline or on the seventh day after bleomycin administration, nor were there significant differences in the S1P concentrations in BALF collected before and after bleomycin administration in WT (baseline vs. seventh day; p = 0.14) or KO (baseline vs. seventh day; p = 0.50) mice.

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    Article Title: Knock Out of S1P3 Receptor Signaling Attenuates Inflammation and Fibrosis in Bleomycin-Induced Lung Injury Mice Model

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106792

    Figure Lengend Snippet: S1P concentration in BALF collected on the seventh day after intratracheal administration of bleomycin or non-treated control. There were no significant differences in S1P concentration in BALF between wild-type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice at baseline or on the seventh day after bleomycin administration, nor were there significant differences in the S1P concentrations in BALF collected before and after bleomycin administration in WT (baseline vs. seventh day; p = 0.14) or KO (baseline vs. seventh day; p = 0.50) mice.

    Article Snippet: ELISA kits for TGF-β1 and MCP-1 were provided by eBioscience (San Diego, CA, USA), for CTGF by Uscn Life Science (Houston, TX, USA) and for S1P by Echelon Biosciences Inc. (Salt Lake City, UT, USA).

    Techniques: Concentration Assay, Knock-Out

    Murine Plpp6 gene expression and activity is regulated during inflammation (A) PLPP6 converts presqualene diphosphate (PSDP) into presqualene monophosphate (PSMP) upon cell activation. (B) Phosphate release from PSDP, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), farnesyl diphosphate (FDP), phosphatidic acid (PA), and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) exposed to recombinant murine PLPP6 (see ); experiments were performed 4 times for a total of n = 3 to 4. (C) Allergic lung inflammation model with house dust mite (HDM) exposure (see ). (D) Lung Plpp6 expression in WT mice on day 16 of HDM protocol; experiments were performed 2 times for a total of n = 4 to 7; data represent fold change relative to baseline expression. (E) Extracted ion chromatogram (MS-XIC) and MS/MS assignment of isolated PSMP ([M−H] = 505.35). (F) PSMP content in lungs from WT and Plpp6 −/− mice on day 16 of HDM protocol; results are expressed as fold change to the mean value of PSMP in the naive group of the same genotype; experiments were performed 3 times for a total of n = 3. ∗ p < 0.05 and ∗∗ p < 0.01 comparing S1P, FDP, PA, LPA to PSDP by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test for multiple comparisons. ## p < 0.01 comparing inflammation to baseline by unpaired nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. Bars represent median with interquartile range. See also <xref ref-type=Figure S1 . " width="100%" height="100%">

    Journal: iScience

    Article Title: Mouse phospholipid phosphatase 6 regulates dendritic cell cholesterol, macropinocytosis, and allergen sensitization

    doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105185

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Murine Plpp6 gene expression and activity is regulated during inflammation (A) PLPP6 converts presqualene diphosphate (PSDP) into presqualene monophosphate (PSMP) upon cell activation. (B) Phosphate release from PSDP, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), farnesyl diphosphate (FDP), phosphatidic acid (PA), and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) exposed to recombinant murine PLPP6 (see ); experiments were performed 4 times for a total of n = 3 to 4. (C) Allergic lung inflammation model with house dust mite (HDM) exposure (see ). (D) Lung Plpp6 expression in WT mice on day 16 of HDM protocol; experiments were performed 2 times for a total of n = 4 to 7; data represent fold change relative to baseline expression. (E) Extracted ion chromatogram (MS-XIC) and MS/MS assignment of isolated PSMP ([M−H] = 505.35). (F) PSMP content in lungs from WT and Plpp6 −/− mice on day 16 of HDM protocol; results are expressed as fold change to the mean value of PSMP in the naive group of the same genotype; experiments were performed 3 times for a total of n = 3. ∗ p < 0.05 and ∗∗ p < 0.01 comparing S1P, FDP, PA, LPA to PSDP by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test for multiple comparisons. ## p < 0.01 comparing inflammation to baseline by unpaired nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. Bars represent median with interquartile range. See also Figure S1 .

    Article Snippet: Recombinant mPlpp6 (2μg) was added to mixed micelles of select phosphorylated lipids (presqualene diphosphate (PSDP) (isolated as in ( )), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) (Cayman), farnesyl diphosphate (FDP) (Echelon), phosphatidic acid (PA) (Cayman) and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) (Cayman)) (20μM) for 30 min at 37°C with gentle mixing.

    Techniques: Expressing, Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Recombinant, Tandem Mass Spectroscopy, Isolation, MANN-WHITNEY

    Journal: iScience

    Article Title: Mouse phospholipid phosphatase 6 regulates dendritic cell cholesterol, macropinocytosis, and allergen sensitization

    doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105185

    Figure Lengend Snippet:

    Article Snippet: Recombinant mPlpp6 (2μg) was added to mixed micelles of select phosphorylated lipids (presqualene diphosphate (PSDP) (isolated as in ( )), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) (Cayman), farnesyl diphosphate (FDP) (Echelon), phosphatidic acid (PA) (Cayman) and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) (Cayman)) (20μM) for 30 min at 37°C with gentle mixing.

    Techniques: Clone Assay, Recombinant, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Quantitation Assay, Software, Staining, Cell Stimulation, Antibody Labeling

    The effect of empagliflozin on sphingosine-1-phosphate content in plasma, kidney, heart, and liver of diabetic rats. Control (C), diabetic (D), and diabetic rats treated with empagliflozin (D+E). Each bar represents the mean ± SE of n = 10. * p < 0.05 when compared with control; δ p < 0.05 when compared with diabetic rats.

    Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

    Article Title: Effect of Empagliflozin on Sphingolipid Catabolism in Diabetic and Hypertensive Rats

    doi: 10.3390/ijms23052883

    Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of empagliflozin on sphingosine-1-phosphate content in plasma, kidney, heart, and liver of diabetic rats. Control (C), diabetic (D), and diabetic rats treated with empagliflozin (D+E). Each bar represents the mean ± SE of n = 10. * p < 0.05 when compared with control; δ p < 0.05 when compared with diabetic rats.

    Article Snippet: Sphingosine and sphingosine-1 phosphate contents were determined using a commercial ELISA Kit, according to the manufacturer’s instruction (OKEH02615, Aviva Systems Biology, San Diego, CA, and TDS K1900, Echelon Biosciences, Salt Lake City, UT, USA, respectively) [ ].

    Techniques:

    The effect of empagliflozin on sphingosine-1-phosphate content in plasma, kidney, heart, and liver of hypertensive rats. Normotensive (Sham), hypertensive (Ang II-induced hypertensive rats), and empagliflozin-treated hypertensive rats (Ang II + E). Each bar represents the mean ± SE of n = 10. * p < 0.05 when compared with sham; δ p < 0.05 when compared with hypertensive rats.

    Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

    Article Title: Effect of Empagliflozin on Sphingolipid Catabolism in Diabetic and Hypertensive Rats

    doi: 10.3390/ijms23052883

    Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of empagliflozin on sphingosine-1-phosphate content in plasma, kidney, heart, and liver of hypertensive rats. Normotensive (Sham), hypertensive (Ang II-induced hypertensive rats), and empagliflozin-treated hypertensive rats (Ang II + E). Each bar represents the mean ± SE of n = 10. * p < 0.05 when compared with sham; δ p < 0.05 when compared with hypertensive rats.

    Article Snippet: Sphingosine and sphingosine-1 phosphate contents were determined using a commercial ELISA Kit, according to the manufacturer’s instruction (OKEH02615, Aviva Systems Biology, San Diego, CA, and TDS K1900, Echelon Biosciences, Salt Lake City, UT, USA, respectively) [ ].

    Techniques:

    Migration of integrin-alpha-6-positive germ cell precursors towards low concentrations of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P) depends on ABC transporter activity. (A) Representative example of FISH showing expression of abcb1 in vasa+ cells. Dashed line outlines the germ cell niche on the primary bud. All vasa+ cells (red) co-express abcb1 (green). The white arrow indicates a cluster of small germline stem cells, the blue arrow indicates a maturing oocyte. Red and green channels are shown individually with nuclear counterstaining (Hoechst 3342, blue), and merged images on the right show co-expression of both genes (yellow). Gray box indicates magnified region of the merged image. Scale bars: 20 μm. (B) Transwell migration assay of IA6+ cells in response to different concentrations of S1P, with or without inhibitors of ABC transporters. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (0.2-2 μM), ABCB1-inhibitor (10 μM CP 1000356 hydrochloride), ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM probenecid), or ABCB1 and ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM reversan) were added to the bottom wells where indicated. Control wells contain only migration medium. IA6+ cells were added to the upper chamber of an 8 μm transwell filter coated with laminin; after 2 h, migrated cells in the lower chamber were counted. Data are expressed as fold changes of the numbers of migrated cells, normalized to controls (n=4). Statistical analysis was performed using a paired two-tailed Student's t-test.

    Journal: Development (Cambridge, England)

    Article Title: Evidence that ABC transporter-mediated autocrine export of an eicosanoid signaling molecule enhances germ cell chemotaxis in the colonial tunicate Botryllus schlosseri

    doi: 10.1242/dev.184663

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Migration of integrin-alpha-6-positive germ cell precursors towards low concentrations of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P) depends on ABC transporter activity. (A) Representative example of FISH showing expression of abcb1 in vasa+ cells. Dashed line outlines the germ cell niche on the primary bud. All vasa+ cells (red) co-express abcb1 (green). The white arrow indicates a cluster of small germline stem cells, the blue arrow indicates a maturing oocyte. Red and green channels are shown individually with nuclear counterstaining (Hoechst 3342, blue), and merged images on the right show co-expression of both genes (yellow). Gray box indicates magnified region of the merged image. Scale bars: 20 μm. (B) Transwell migration assay of IA6+ cells in response to different concentrations of S1P, with or without inhibitors of ABC transporters. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (0.2-2 μM), ABCB1-inhibitor (10 μM CP 1000356 hydrochloride), ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM probenecid), or ABCB1 and ABCC1 inhibitor (10 μM reversan) were added to the bottom wells where indicated. Control wells contain only migration medium. IA6+ cells were added to the upper chamber of an 8 μm transwell filter coated with laminin; after 2 h, migrated cells in the lower chamber were counted. Data are expressed as fold changes of the numbers of migrated cells, normalized to controls (n=4). Statistical analysis was performed using a paired two-tailed Student's t-test.

    Article Snippet: Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (0.2-2 μM, Echelon), 12(S)-Hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoic acid (80 nM, Sigma-Aldrich), 10 μM CP 1000356 hydrochloride (ABCB1 inhibitor), 10 μM probenecid (ABCC inhibitor), 10 μM reversan (ABCB1 and ABCC1 inhibitor), 10 μM AACOCF3 (inhibitor of phospholipase A2), 0.5 μM 2-TEDC (inhibitor of 5-, 12- and 15-lipoxygenase), 10 μM zileuton (inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase), 1 μM BAY-u 9773 (Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist), 10 μM (S)-(+)-ibuprofen (non-selective but stronger inhibition of Cox-1), 1 mM naproxen (non-selective Cox inhibitor), 1 mM indomethacin (non-selective but stronger inhibition of Cox-1) and 1 mM SC 236 (Cox-2 inhibitor) (all from Tocris) were added to the migration medium in the bottom chamber as indicated.

    Techniques: Migration, Activity Assay, Expressing, Transwell Migration Assay, Two Tailed Test