Journal: Cell Reports Medicine

Article Title: Valrubicin-loaded immunoliposomes targeting antigens on immunosuppressive cells to circumvent resistance to cancer immunotherapy

doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.102632

Figure Lengend Snippet: Val-ILs affect immunosuppressive cells and T lymphoma growth C57BL/6 mice were s.c. injected with 10 6 EL4 cells into the body side. When tumors reached 50 mm 3 , mice were i.v. injected with Val-ILs (10 12 NPs) on days 6 and 9. Analyses were performed on day 12 (excepted for L). (A) UMAP data frame and heatmap following FC showing expression levels of the different populations of immune cells in the TME of T lymphoma-bearing mice. Mean normalized data of n = 7 untreated mice. (B) UMAP data frame and heatmap following FC showing expression levels of the nine antigens targeted by Val-ILs-Combo among immune cells detected in the TME, mean normalized data of n = 7 untreated mice. (C) Treatment with NPs reduced the tumor volumes measured in vivo. Image of tumors isolated ex vivo. (D) NPs affected the repartition of immune cells in the TME. (E) NPs reduced the number of immunosuppressive cells in the TME. (F) NPs affected the repartition of immune cells in the spleen. (G) NPs reduced the number of immunosuppressive cells in the spleen. (H) MFI measured by FC on TAMs in the TME and macrophages in the spleen, to identify M1-like and M2-like phenotypes. (I) FC on tDCs in the TME and DCs in the spleen, to identify the percentage of activated MHC II + DCs. (J) FC on T-Ly in the TDLNs showing an increase in these populations. (K) Val-ILs-Combo affected the amount of Th17 and Tregs in the TDLNs. (L) Tumor growth volumes measured in vivo , following i.v. injection of Val-ILs-Combo and/or αPD-1 (200 μg), n = 8 mice per group. (M) FC plots and heatmaps showing the expression levels of the nine antigens targeted by Val-ILs-Combo on immunosuppressive cells, in the TME; mean normalized data of n = 5 mice. (N) Histogram showing the number of antigens targeted by the NPs and found repressed ( p < 0.05) on various immune cell populations. The number of mice used per group is indicated on the figure; data are shown as means ± SD, p values are compared to Val-ILs-IgG and are calculated using two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. See also .

Article Snippet: UMAP plugin , Tree Star , https://www.flowjo.com.

Techniques: Injection, Expressing, In Vivo, Isolation, Ex Vivo, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Cell Reports Medicine

Article Title: Valrubicin-loaded immunoliposomes targeting antigens on immunosuppressive cells to circumvent resistance to cancer immunotherapy

doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.102632

Figure Lengend Snippet: Val-ILs affect immunosuppressive cells and B lymphoma growth BALB/c mice were s.c. injected with 10 6 A20 cells. When tumors reached 50 mm 3 , mice were i.v. injected with Val-ILs (10 12 NPs) on days 6, 9, and 12. Analyses were performed on day 15. (A) UMAP data frame and heatmap following FC showing the expression levels of the nine antigens targeted by Val-ILs-Combo among immune cells detected in the TME. Mean normalized data of n = 8 untreated mice. (B) NPs reduced the tumor volumes measured in vivo. Image of tumors isolated ex vivo , n = 8 mice per group, four did not develop tumors (black cross). (C) UMAP data showing that Val-ILs-Combo affected the repartition of immune cells in the TME. (D) NPs affected the repartition of immune cells in the spleen. (E and F) Val-ILs-Combo reduced the amount of Th17, Tregs, MDSCs, TAMs, or macrophages, in the TME (E) and the spleen (F). (G) Histogram showing the number of antigens targeted by the NPs and found repressed on the cell surface of various immune cell populations. (H) FC on TAMs in the TME and macrophages in the spleen, to identify M1-like and M2-like phenotypes. (I) FC on tDCs in the TME and DCs in the spleen, to identify the percentage of activated MHC II + DCs. (J) FC on CD4 + and CD8 + T-Ly in the TDLNs showing an increase in these populations. (K) FC showing that Val-ILs-Combo reduced the amount of Th17 and Tregs in the TDLNs. (L) Tumor growth volumes measured in vivo following the injection of Val-ILs-Combo and/or αPD-1 (200 μg). Image of tumors isolated ex vivo , n = 8 mice per group. The number of mice used per group is indicated on the figure, data are shown as means ± SD, and p values are compared to Val-ILs-IgG and are calculated using a two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. See also .

Article Snippet: UMAP plugin , Tree Star , https://www.flowjo.com.

Techniques: Injection, Expressing, In Vivo, Isolation, Ex Vivo, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Cell Reports Medicine

Article Title: Valrubicin-loaded immunoliposomes targeting antigens on immunosuppressive cells to circumvent resistance to cancer immunotherapy

doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.102632

Figure Lengend Snippet: Val-ILs affect immunosuppressive cells in a mouse model of breast cancer 10 6 4T1 cells were transplanted through i.d. injection into the mammary gland of female BALB/c mice. When tumors reached 50 mm 3 , mice were i.v. injected with Val-ILs (10 12 NPs) on days 6, 9, and 12. Analyses were performed on day 15. (A) UMAP data frame and heatmap following FC showing the expression levels of the nine antigens targeted by the NPs among immune cells detected in the TME. Mean normalized data of n = 5 untreated mice. (B) NPs reduced the tumor volumes measured in vivo. Image of tumors isolated ex vivo , four did not develop tumors (black cross). (C) UMAP data showing that Val-ILs-Combo affected the repartition of immune cells in the TME. (D) NPs affected the repartition of immune cells in the spleen. (E and F) Val-ILs-Combo reduced the amount of Th17, Tregs, MDSCs, TAMs, or macrophages, in the TME (E) and the spleen (F). (G) Antigens targeted by the NPs found repressed on the cell surface of various immune cell populations. (H) FC on TAMs in the TME and macrophages in the spleen, to identify M1-like and M2-like phenotypes. (I) FC on tDCs in the TME and DCs in the spleen, to identify the percentage of activated MHC II + DCs. (J) FC on CD4 + and CD8 + T-Ly in the TDLNs showing an increase in these populations. (K) FC showing that Val-ILs-Combo affected the amount of Th17 and Tregs in the TDLNs. The number of mice used per group is indicated on the figure, data are shown as means ± SD, and p values are compared to Val-ILs-IgG and are calculated using two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. See also .

Article Snippet: UMAP plugin , Tree Star , https://www.flowjo.com.

Techniques: Injection, Expressing, In Vivo, Isolation, Ex Vivo, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Cell Reports Medicine

Article Title: Valrubicin-loaded immunoliposomes targeting antigens on immunosuppressive cells to circumvent resistance to cancer immunotherapy

doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.102632

Figure Lengend Snippet: Val-ILs and αPD-1 affect immunosuppressive cells in the lung LLC1 tumor model Mice were i.v. injected with 10 6 LLC1 cells (day 0), i.v. injected with Val-ILs (10 12 NPs), and i.p. injected with αPD-1 (200 μg) on days 6, 9, 12, and 15. Analyses were performed on day 28. (A) UMAP data frame and heatmap following FC showing expression levels of the nine antigens targeted by Val-ILs-Combo among immune cells detected in the lung TME. Mean normalized data of n = 6 untreated mice. (B) NPs affected the number of immune cells in the lung TME. (C) NPs affected the repartition of immune cells in the spleen. (D and E) Val-ILs-Combo reduced the amount of Th17, Tregs, MDSCs, TAMs, or macrophages, in the TME (D) and the spleen (E). (F) Histogram showing the number of antigens targeted by the NPs and found repressed on the cell surface of various immune cell populations. (G) FC on TAMs in the TME and macrophages in the spleen, to identify M1-like and M2-like phenotypes. (H) FC on tDCs in the TME and DCs in the spleen, to identify the percentage of activated MHC II + DCs. (I) FC on CD4 + and CD8 + T-Ly in the TDLNs showing an increase in these populations. (J) FC data showing that NPs reduced the amount of Th17 and Tregs in the TDLNs. The number of mice used per group is indicated on the figure, data are shown as means ± SD, and p values are compared to Val-ILs-IgG + αIgG and are calculated using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. See also .

Article Snippet: UMAP plugin , Tree Star , https://www.flowjo.com.

Techniques: Injection, Expressing