phosphate buffer saline pbs  (Millipore)

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Pharmacological Inhibition of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases Triggers Anti-Fibrotic Effects in Hepatic Stellate Cells In Vitro

doi: 10.3390/ijms21093267

Figure Lengend Snippet: CR8-treatment triggers apoptosis in murine and human hepatic stellate cell lines. Murine GRX and human LX-2 cells were treated for 48 h with increasing concentrations of CR8 as indicated. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) treatment alone (0 nM) served as control. ( a ) Schematic overview of the experimental design. ( b ) GRX (upper panels) and LX-2 (lower panels) cells were investigated by brightfield microscopy for cell density and morphology at a magnification of 100×. Arrows highlight round-shaped cells, indicative for cell death. ( c , d ) Cells were stained with fluorescence-labelled antibodies against cleaved poly (ADP-ribose)-polymerase 1 (PARP-1) and analyzed via flow cytometry, in particular fluorescence-associated cell sorting (FACS). ( c ) Representative FACS-plots of cleaved PARP-1 positive (% of single cells) GRX (upper panels) and LX-2 (lower panels) cells after treatment with increasing concentrations of CR8. ( d ) Quantification of cleaved PARP-1 positive GRX (left panel) and LX-2 (right panel) cells (% of single cells) from n = 6 independent FACS experiments. Data are shown as fold induction compared to controls. ( e ) Specific caspase-3 enzyme activity in GRX (left panel, n = 4) and LX-2 (right panel, n = 3) cells after CR8 treatment. Values are given as arbitrary fluorescence units (AFU)/μg protein/h and are calculated as fold induction in comparison to controls. Data reflect the mean of at least n = 3 independent experiments, unless otherwise indicated. * p

Article Snippet: Co-staining of cells was performed using a mix of fluorescence-labeled antibodies against pH3-AL647 (1:50, Cell Signalling Technology, Danver, MA, USA) and cleaved PARP-PE (1:50, BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA) diluted in FACS-blocking buffer (mixture of 0.66% human/rabbit/mouse serum, Sigma-Aldrich, and 1% Bovine Serum Albumin, Sigma-Aldrich in 1× PBS) for 30 min at 4 °C.

Techniques: Microscopy, Staining, Fluorescence, Flow Cytometry, FACS, Activity Assay

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Flexible and transparent silver nanowire structures for multifunctional electrical and optical biointerfacing

doi: 10.1101/2020.10.10.334755

Figure Lengend Snippet: a) Electrical benchtop recording output from the Ag NWs microelectrodes, with 10 Hz, 20 mV peak-to-peak sine wave input. b) PSD of the signals recorded by the Ag NWs microelectrodes in (a). c) Soak test of the Ag NWs microelectrodes in a PBS solution at 37 °C. Z0 is the impedance at day 0, whereas Z represents the impedance at a specific day. d) CV curves of the Ag NWs microelectrodes at various scan rates.

Article Snippet: CV tests were measured within a potential window from −0.8 to 0.8 V. The electrochemical measurements used a three-electrode configuration in a 1 × PBS solution (Sigma-Aldrich), where the Ag NWs microelectrodes, a platinum electrode, and an Ag/AgCl electrode served as the working, counter, and reference electrodes, respectively.

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Geographic variation in hemocyte diversity and phagocytic propensity shows a diffuse genomic signature in the green veined white butterfly

doi: 10.1101/790782

Figure Lengend Snippet: Morphology of the three main types of hemocytes in 5 th instar P. napi larvae: (A) plasmatocytes, (B) granulocytes, and (C) early and mature oenocytoids. Hemocytes of P. napi larvae after in vivo phagocytosis of E. coli (AlexaFluor488, green): (D) plasmatocyte (indicated by P ) and granulocytes (indicated by G ), (E) and early oenocytoid. (F) Staining of an oenocytoid with PPO antibody (green). Cell nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue) and the cytoskeleton of A,B,D,E F with phalloidin (red). Scalebar = 15 um. Images taken using epifluorescent microscope (C) and confocal microscope (A,B,D,E F).

Article Snippet: To distinguish morphological features and reveal the nuclei the cells were treated with Phalloidin Rhodamine (Biotium, 3:1000 dilution in PBS) together with blue-fluorescent nucleic acid stain DAPI (Sigma-Aldrich, 1:1000 dilution in PBS) for 10 minutes in darkness, RT.

Techniques: In Vivo, Staining, Microscopy

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Classification of M1/M2-polarized human macrophages by label-free hyperspectral reflectance confocal microscopy and multivariate analysis

doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-08121-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: Epifluorescence microscopy. M1 ( a ) and M2 ( b ) MDMs labelled with FITC-phalloidin to stain cytoskeletal actin (in green), and DAPI nuclear counterstain (in blue). Scale bar: 100 μm.

Article Snippet: After washing, cytoskeletal actin was labelled with FITC-phalloidin (Sigma-Aldrich, 1:400 in PBS for 45 min), and nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (Thermo Fisher Scientific, 1:10000 in PBS for 15 min).

Techniques: Epifluorescence Microscopy, Staining