Journal: Marine Drugs

Article Title: Mechanism of Action and Therapeutic Potential of the β-Hairpin Antimicrobial Peptide Capitellacin from the Marine Polychaeta Capitella teleta

doi: 10.3390/md20030167

Figure Lengend Snippet: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of peptides against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Article Snippet: The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/md20030167/s1 , Figure S1: Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography purification of peptides; Figure S2: Repurification of peptides was performed using the analytical column; Figure S3: Anti-biofilm activity of capitellacin and tachyplesin-1 against A. baumanii XDR CI 2675, K. pneumonia ATCC 700603 and P. aeruginosa XDR CI 1995.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Marine Drugs

Article Title: Mechanism of Action and Therapeutic Potential of the β-Hairpin Antimicrobial Peptide Capitellacin from the Marine Polychaeta Capitella teleta

doi: 10.3390/md20030167

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Hemolytic effect on human red blood cells after 1.5 h exposure of capitellacins and tachyplesin-1; ( B ) the effect of the peptides at different concentrations on the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane of E. coli ML-35p after 1.5 h (ONPG assay). Data are the mean ± SD of three independent experiments.

Article Snippet: The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/md20030167/s1 , Figure S1: Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography purification of peptides; Figure S2: Repurification of peptides was performed using the analytical column; Figure S3: Anti-biofilm activity of capitellacin and tachyplesin-1 against A. baumanii XDR CI 2675, K. pneumonia ATCC 700603 and P. aeruginosa XDR CI 1995.

Techniques: Permeability

Journal: Marine Drugs

Article Title: Mechanism of Action and Therapeutic Potential of the β-Hairpin Antimicrobial Peptide Capitellacin from the Marine Polychaeta Capitella teleta

doi: 10.3390/md20030167

Figure Lengend Snippet: Induction of E. coli MDR CI 1057 resistance to capitellacin, tachyplesin-1, and polymyxin B in Mueller–Hinton medium containing added NaCl. Initial MIC values were: capitellacin 1 (0.5 µM), tachyplesin-1 (0.125 µM), and polymyxin B (0.125 µM). Bacteria that grew at the highest concentration of AMPs on the final passage (day 21) were passaged a further 3 times on drug-free agar plates before determining the final MIC value (“Post”).

Article Snippet: The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/md20030167/s1 , Figure S1: Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography purification of peptides; Figure S2: Repurification of peptides was performed using the analytical column; Figure S3: Anti-biofilm activity of capitellacin and tachyplesin-1 against A. baumanii XDR CI 2675, K. pneumonia ATCC 700603 and P. aeruginosa XDR CI 1995.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Marine Drugs

Article Title: Mechanism of Action and Therapeutic Potential of the β-Hairpin Antimicrobial Peptide Capitellacin from the Marine Polychaeta Capitella teleta

doi: 10.3390/md20030167

Figure Lengend Snippet: The peptide-induced changes in conductance after an addition of tachyplesin-1 and capitellacin. Zoomed-in records of single fluctuations of conductance induced by the peptides are presented in the right panel. Each peptide was added to both sides of BLM in the experiment. The applied voltage was 50 mV and the buffer solution contained 0.154 M NaCl and 5 mM HEPES (pH 7.4).

Article Snippet: The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/md20030167/s1 , Figure S1: Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography purification of peptides; Figure S2: Repurification of peptides was performed using the analytical column; Figure S3: Anti-biofilm activity of capitellacin and tachyplesin-1 against A. baumanii XDR CI 2675, K. pneumonia ATCC 700603 and P. aeruginosa XDR CI 1995.

Techniques:

Journal: Marine Drugs

Article Title: Mechanism of Action and Therapeutic Potential of the β-Hairpin Antimicrobial Peptide Capitellacin from the Marine Polychaeta Capitella teleta

doi: 10.3390/md20030167

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of the increase in membrane permeability of E. coli ML-35p caused by peptides at a concentration of 1 µM using chromogenic markers: ( A ) the products of o-nitrophenyl-D-galactoside (ONPG, abs 405 nm) hydrolysis; ( B ) nitrocefin, abs 540 nm. Control measurements were carried out without peptides and showed no penetration of substrates through bacterial membranes. The experiment was carried out twice; the curve behaviors were similar. ( C ) Comparison of hemolytic activity of capitellacin and tachyplesin-1 at a concentration 128 µM against erythrocytes from human after 2 h and 24 h incubation (hemoglobin release assay). ±SD of at least two independent experiments, *** p ≤ 0.001.

Article Snippet: The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/md20030167/s1 , Figure S1: Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography purification of peptides; Figure S2: Repurification of peptides was performed using the analytical column; Figure S3: Anti-biofilm activity of capitellacin and tachyplesin-1 against A. baumanii XDR CI 2675, K. pneumonia ATCC 700603 and P. aeruginosa XDR CI 1995.

Techniques: Permeability, Concentration Assay, Activity Assay, Incubation, Release Assay

Journal: Marine Drugs

Article Title: Mechanism of Action and Therapeutic Potential of the β-Hairpin Antimicrobial Peptide Capitellacin from the Marine Polychaeta Capitella teleta

doi: 10.3390/md20030167

Figure Lengend Snippet: Anti-biofilm activity of capitellacin and tachyplesin-1 against E. coli SBS 1936. ( A ) Biofilm formation was established using the crystal violet stain technique. Sterile water was used as solvent for serial dilutions of peptides. Up arrow is MIC of peptides. The ability of capitellacin ( B ) and tachyplesin-1 ( C ) to impact on preformed biofilms of E. coli SBS 1936 after overnight exposure. Evaluation of mass of biofilm was assessed using the crystal violet stain technique. The change in the percentage of surviving bacteria in the biofilm was controlled using MTT assay (statistically significant differences vs. the control: * p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001).

Article Snippet: The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/md20030167/s1 , Figure S1: Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography purification of peptides; Figure S2: Repurification of peptides was performed using the analytical column; Figure S3: Anti-biofilm activity of capitellacin and tachyplesin-1 against A. baumanii XDR CI 2675, K. pneumonia ATCC 700603 and P. aeruginosa XDR CI 1995.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Staining, MTT Assay