Journal: Journal of Neuroinflammation
Article Title: Probiotics alleviate painful diabetic neuropathy by modulating the microbiota–gut–nerve axis in rats
doi: 10.1186/s12974-025-03352-3
Figure Lengend Snippet: Probiotics treatment mitigated intestinal barrier impairment and systemic inflammation in PDN rats. ( A ) Representative captures of H&E staining of the colon tissue. The red arrows indicate inflammatory cell infiltration. Scale bars = 100 μm. ( B ) Representative Western blot brands of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1 in the colon ( n = 6). ( C-E ) Quantification of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1 in the colon. β-actin was used as the loading control in Western blot analysis. ( F ) Representative captures of immunofluorescence of ZO-1 in the colon. Scale bars = 50 μm. ( G ) The intensity analysis of ZO-1 immunofluorescence staining. ( H-L ) Serum levels of LPS, LBP, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α ( n = 10). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. *** P < 0.001 versus the control group; # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, ### P < 0.001 versus the PDN group, one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test for ( C-E ), ( G ) and ( H-L )
Article Snippet: Serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured using the ELISA kits (Dakewe Bioengineering, Shenzhen, China), and the LPS and LPS binding protein (LBP) measured with ELISA kits (Jianglai Industrial Limited By Share Ltd, Shanghai, China).
Techniques: Probiotics, Staining, Western Blot, Control, Immunofluorescence