Journal: PLoS Biology
Article Title: Farnesyl pyrophosphate is a new danger signal inducing acute cell death
doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001134
Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Molecular structures of FPP and different FPP analogs including FPP analog 1/2/3/4, FOH, and FSPP. (B, C) Cytotoxic effects of different FPP analogs measured by PI signal increase under fluorescent microplate reader. Black arrows indicate the time points at which different metabolites were added. Each treatment had 3 to 4 replicates. Bars denote mean ± SEM (SEM in gray). Data are representative of at least 2 independent experiments in (B) and (C). There are no significant differences between 0 μg/mL and 15 μg/mL FPP treatments. Significant difference in 30 μg/mL FPP group compared to the 0 μg/mL FPP group shows up from 47 minutes on ( p < 0.05). Significant difference in 60 μg/mL FPP group compared to the 0 μg/mL FPP group shows up from 1 minute on ( p < 0.01). Significant difference in 120 μg/mL FPP group compared to the 0 μg/mL FPP group shows up from 1 minute on ( p < 0.001). Significant difference between 60 μg/mL FPP-Mu2 and the control shows up from 39 minutes on ( p < 0.05). Significant difference between 120 μg/mL FPP-Mu2 and the control shows up from 10 minutes on ( p < 0.01). Significant difference between 60 μg/mL FPP-Mu3 and the control shows up from 54 minutes on ( p < 0.05). Significant difference between 120 μg/mL FPP-Mu3 and the control shows up from 12 minutes on ( p < 0.05). Significant difference between 120 μg/mL FPP-Mu4 and the control shows up from 2.5 minutes on ( p < 0.01). Significant difference between 30 μg/mL FSPP and the control shows up from 43 minutes on ( p < 0.05). Significant difference between 60 μg/mL FSPP and the control shows up from 16 minutes on ( p < 0.05). Significant difference between 120 μg/mL FSPP and the control shows up from 10 minutes on ( p < 0.05). All the others show no significant difference ( p > 0.05). Two-way ANOVA analysis is used. All experiments are done with P815 cells. All the original data can be found in . FOH, farnesol; FPP, farnesyl pyrophosphate; FSPP, farnesyl S-thiolodiphosphate; PI, propidium iodide.
Article Snippet: FPP analogs FOH was purchased from Sigma (#F203) and FSPP from Echelon Bioscience (Salt Lake City, USA, #I-S150).
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