human macrophage cell line thp1  (ATCC)

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Activated THP-1 Macrophage-Derived Factors Increase the Cytokine, Fractalkine, and EGF Secretions, the Invasion-Related MMP Production, and Antioxidant Activity of HEC-1A Endometrium Cells

doi: 10.3390/ijms25179624

Figure Lengend Snippet: Summary of the results and the proposed mechanisms of action of the examined proteins and signaling pathways in HEC-1A cells. Macrophage-derived factors increase the fractalkine, IL-6, LIF, and TGFβ secretion of HEC-1A endometrial cells, activating the MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, the treatment of HEC-1A cells with the conditioned medium of the activated THP-1 cells elevated the production of the EGF, which can contribute to MAPK activation and proliferation. The MAPK pathway regulates the MMP2 and MMP9 involved in the invasion, which are also under the control of activin, BMP2, and TGFβ-regulated SMAD transcription factors. The MAPK signaling enhances the synthesis of the Nrf2 antioxidant transcription factor, which in turn activates the production of SOD2 and catalase antioxidant enzymes. The FKN/CX3CR1 interaction supports the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Article Snippet: The THP-1 human monocyte/macrophage cell line was purchased from Merck (Merck Life Science Kft., Budapest, Hungary).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Activation Assay, Control, Expressing