girk2 (Alomone Labs)


Structured Review

Girk2, supplied by Alomone Labs, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 30 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/girk2/product/Alomone Labs
Average 94 stars, based on 30 article reviews
Price from $9.99 to $1999.99
Images
1) Product Images from "Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??"
Article Title: Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??
Journal:
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.173229

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 is not regulated by Gα i3 in whole oocytes
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Functional differences between homomeric GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Gα i3 GA does not regulate GIRK2 in excised plasma membrane patches
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Biochemical and functional differences between GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: The basal activity is Gβγ dependent in GIRK1*, but Gβγ independent in GIRK2
Techniques Used: Activity Assay
2) Product Images from "Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??"
Article Title: Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??
Journal:
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.173229

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 is not regulated by Gα i3 in whole oocytes
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Functional differences between homomeric GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Gα i3 GA does not regulate GIRK2 in excised plasma membrane patches
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Biochemical and functional differences between GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: The basal activity is Gβγ dependent in GIRK1*, but Gβγ independent in GIRK2
Techniques Used: Activity Assay
3) Product Images from "Tau Deficiency Down-Regulated Transcription Factor Orthodenticle Homeobox 2 Expression in the Dopaminergic Neurons in Ventral Tegmental Area and Caused No Obvious Motor Deficits in Mice"
Article Title: Tau Deficiency Down-Regulated Transcription Factor Orthodenticle Homeobox 2 Expression in the Dopaminergic Neurons in Ventral Tegmental Area and Caused No Obvious Motor Deficits in Mice
Journal: Neuroscience
doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.01.002

Figure Legend Snippet: Tau deficiency did not impact the expression of DAT and Girk2. (A, B) Western blot showing the expression level of DAT in the midbrain and striatum (A), and Girk2 in the midbrain (B) of tau +/+ , tau +/ − , and tau − / − at 18 months of age. (C) Quantitation of DAT expression level by Western blot analyses, normalized with β-actin ( n = 5 per genotype, P > 0.05). (D) Quantitation of Girk2 expression level by Western blot analyses, normalized with β-actin ( n = 5 per genotype, P > 0.05). All data were presented as mean ± SEM.
Techniques Used: Expressing, Western Blot, Quantitation Assay
4) Product Images from "Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??"
Article Title: Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??
Journal:
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.173229

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 is not regulated by Gα i3 in whole oocytes
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Functional differences between homomeric GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Gα i3 GA does not regulate GIRK2 in excised plasma membrane patches
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Biochemical and functional differences between GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: The basal activity is Gβγ dependent in GIRK1*, but Gβγ independent in GIRK2
Techniques Used: Activity Assay
5) Product Images from "Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??"
Article Title: Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??
Journal:
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.173229

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 is not regulated by Gα i3 in whole oocytes
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Functional differences between homomeric GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Gα i3 GA does not regulate GIRK2 in excised plasma membrane patches
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Biochemical and functional differences between GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: The basal activity is Gβγ dependent in GIRK1*, but Gβγ independent in GIRK2
Techniques Used: Activity Assay
6) Product Images from "G-Protein-Coupled Inwardly Rectifying Potassium (GIRK) Channel Activation by the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor Is Required for Amyloid β Toxicity"
Article Title: G-Protein-Coupled Inwardly Rectifying Potassium (GIRK) Channel Activation by the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor Is Required for Amyloid β Toxicity
Journal: Frontiers in Neuroscience
doi: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00455

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK channel down-regulation inhibits Aβ 42 -induced neuronal degeneration. Western blots (A) and quantification (B) of total and surface GIRK1 and GIRK2 protein levels in mature hippocampal neurons treated for 2 h with either control Aβ 16 or oligomeric Aβ 42 and baclofen ( N = 4 experiments). Baclofen treatment reversed the Aβ-induced upregulation of surface GIRK channel subunits. (C) Potassium loss from cultured neurons treated with Aβ 42 was reduced by co-treatment with baclofen ( n = 443 neurons). (D) Representative relief contrast and fluorescence (Asante Potassium Green-2) photographs of neuronal cultures taken immediately and 160 min after Aβ and baclofen treatment. (E) Photomicrographs of hippocampal cultures immunostained for β-III tubulin 20 h after treatment with Aβ peptides, baclofen (Bac) and/or the GABA B receptor antagonist CGP55845 (CPGt). (F) Quantification of neurite integrity of the treated cultures ( N = 3 experiments). (G) Percentage survival of neurons cultured in the presence of Aβ and baclofen for 20 h. Down-regulation of GIRK channels by chronic baclofen treatment inhibited cell death, but the neurotoxicity of Aβ 42 was restored when neurons were co-cultured with the GABA B receptor antagonist CGP55845 (CGP; N = 5 experiments). * p
Techniques Used: Western Blot, Cell Culture, Fluorescence, BAC Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Aβ 42 -induced potassium efflux and apoptosis are mediated by p75 NTR . (A) Western blot of p75 NTR cleavage in the presence of Aβ and TAPI or the cleavage stimulator PMA (positive control) for 3 h and quantification of the C-terminal fragment (CTF) band intensity (FL, full length; ICD, intracellular domain fragment; N = 2 experiments). (B) Percentage survival of neurons cultured in the presence of Aβ and treated with the metalloprotease inhibitor TAPI for 20 h, which significantly inhibited Aβ-induced cell death. Western blots (C) and quantification (D) of total and surface GIRK1 and GIRK2 protein levels in hippocampal neurons treated for 2 h with either control Aβ 16 or oligomeric Aβ 42 and c29 or scrambled (SC) peptides ( N = 8 replicates). Neither peptide treatment altered the levels of Aβ-induced upregulation of surface GIRK channel subunits. (E) Average decrease in potassium concentration of individual neurons in cultures treated for 160 min with Aβ 42 and the dominant-negative p75 NTR peptide c29 ( n = 458 neurons). (F) Representative relief contrast and fluorescence (Asante Potassium Green-2) photographs of neuronal cultures taken immediately and 160 min after Aβ and c29 treatment. (G) Percentage survival of neurons cultured in the presence of Aβ and control or c29 peptides over 20 h. c29 but not a scrambled peptide inhibited Aβ 42 -initiated death ( N = 3 experiments). * p
Techniques Used: Western Blot, Positive Control, Cell Culture, Concentration Assay, Dominant Negative Mutation, Fluorescence
7) Product Images from "Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??"
Article Title: Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??
Journal:
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.173229

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 is not regulated by Gα i3 in whole oocytes
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Functional differences between homomeric GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Gα i3 GA does not regulate GIRK2 in excised plasma membrane patches
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Biochemical and functional differences between GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: The basal activity is Gβγ dependent in GIRK1*, but Gβγ independent in GIRK2
Techniques Used: Activity Assay
8) Product Images from "Epilepsy-Induced Reduction in HCN Channel Expression Contributes to an Increased Excitability in Dorsal, But Not Ventral, Hippocampal CA1 Neurons"
Article Title: Epilepsy-Induced Reduction in HCN Channel Expression Contributes to an Increased Excitability in Dorsal, But Not Ventral, Hippocampal CA1 Neurons
Journal: eNeuro
doi: 10.1523/ENEURO.0036-19.2019

Figure Legend Snippet: Expression of GIRK2 subunit is unchanged post-SE. A , B , D , E , All representative images follow the same format. Upper left, Transverse slice from dorsal hippocampus with the nuclear stain, Hoechst 33342, from control group. Upper right, Representative hippocampal staining of GIRK2. The blue box shows the portion of CA1 expanded below. The yellow shaded region shows the region selected for quantification from the alveus to the fissure in both channels. Bottom, GIRK2 staining in CA1, where the lighter shade of gray reflects more immunoreactivity for GIRK2 protein. Staining is evident in the somatic layer (S.P.) and dendritic layers. Scale bars = 500 µm. A , Representative section from the dorsal hippocampus with GIRK2 staining from a control rat. B , Representative section from the dorsal hippocampus with GIRK2 staining from a post-SE rat. C , Quantification of average grayscale pixel intensity along the length of the somatodendritc axis on dorsal CA1. Since the radial length can differ between sections, the lengths were normalized and binned into 20 segments. Dotted lines reflect transitions between layers abbreviated S.O. (stratum oriens), S.P. (stratum pyramidale), S.R. (stratum radiatum), and S.L.M. (stratum lacunosum moleculare). Comparisons between equivalent radial locations were tested between control and post-SE group data. D , GIRK2 staining in the ventral hippocampus of control rat. E , GIRK2 staining in the ventral hippocampus of a post-SE rat. F , Quantification along the normalized length of the somatodendritic/radial axis in ventral CA1. Equivalent radial locations were compared between control and post-SE group data.
Techniques Used: Expressing, Staining
9) Product Images from "Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??"
Article Title: Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??
Journal:
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.173229

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 is not regulated by Gα i3 in whole oocytes
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Functional differences between homomeric GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Gα i3 GA does not regulate GIRK2 in excised plasma membrane patches
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Biochemical and functional differences between GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: The basal activity is Gβγ dependent in GIRK1*, but Gβγ independent in GIRK2
Techniques Used: Activity Assay
10) Product Images from "Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??"
Article Title: Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??
Journal:
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.173229

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 is not regulated by Gα i3 in whole oocytes
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Functional differences between homomeric GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Gα i3 GA does not regulate GIRK2 in excised plasma membrane patches
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Biochemical and functional differences between GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: The basal activity is Gβγ dependent in GIRK1*, but Gβγ independent in GIRK2
Techniques Used: Activity Assay
11) Product Images from "Sex differences in GABABR-GIRK signaling in layer 5/6 pyramidal neurons of the mouse prelimbic cortex"
Article Title: Sex differences in GABABR-GIRK signaling in layer 5/6 pyramidal neurons of the mouse prelimbic cortex
Journal: Neuropharmacology
doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.03.029

Figure Legend Snippet: Subcellular localization of GIRK2 and GABA B R1 in layer 5/6 pyramidal neurons of male and female mice
Techniques Used: Mouse Assay
12) Product Images from "Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??"
Article Title: Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??
Journal:
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.173229

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 is not regulated by Gα i3 in whole oocytes
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Functional differences between homomeric GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Gα i3 GA does not regulate GIRK2 in excised plasma membrane patches
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Biochemical and functional differences between GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: The basal activity is Gβγ dependent in GIRK1*, but Gβγ independent in GIRK2
Techniques Used: Activity Assay
13) Product Images from "Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??"
Article Title: Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??
Journal:
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.173229

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 is not regulated by Gα i3 in whole oocytes
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Functional differences between homomeric GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Gα i3 GA does not regulate GIRK2 in excised plasma membrane patches
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Biochemical and functional differences between GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: The basal activity is Gβγ dependent in GIRK1*, but Gβγ independent in GIRK2
Techniques Used: Activity Assay
14) Product Images from "Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??"
Article Title: Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??
Journal:
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.173229

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 is not regulated by Gα i3 in whole oocytes
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Functional differences between homomeric GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Gα i3 GA does not regulate GIRK2 in excised plasma membrane patches
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Biochemical and functional differences between GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: The basal activity is Gβγ dependent in GIRK1*, but Gβγ independent in GIRK2
Techniques Used: Activity Assay
15) Product Images from "Acute cocaine exposure weakens GABAB receptor-dependent Girk signaling in dopamine neurons of the ventral tegmental area"
Article Title: Acute cocaine exposure weakens GABAB receptor-dependent Girk signaling in dopamine neurons of the ventral tegmental area
Journal: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0494-11.2011

Figure Legend Snippet: Acute cocaine decreases the density of Girk2 on the plasma membrane of VTA DA neurons
Techniques Used:
16) Product Images from "Amelioration of non-motor dysfunctions after transplantation of human dopamine neurons in a model of Parkinson's disease"
Article Title: Amelioration of non-motor dysfunctions after transplantation of human dopamine neurons in a model of Parkinson's disease
Journal: Experimental Neurology
doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.02.003

Figure Legend Snippet: Immunohistological analysis of hVM tissue at 20 weeks post-graft. Immunohistochemistry of TH + ve neurons (brown) and HuNu (blue) in the hVM graft (top panel). From left to right, images depict representative tissue from a Control rat (A), Lesion rat (B) and a large hVM graft (C). The central panel depicts A9 TH + ve neurons (green) co-labelled with Girk2 (red, D); A10 TH + ve neurons (green) co-labelled with Calbindin (red, E); × 10 magnification of hVM cells with TH + ve neurons stained in brown and HuNu + ve cells in blue (F). The bottom panel depicts the number of TH + ve cells per individual graft (G) and as a group mean (H), as well as the proportion of girk2 + ve (I) and calbindin + ve (J) cells out of the total number of TH + ve neurons. Scale bar = 1000 μm. Error bars = ± standard error of mean. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)
Techniques Used: Immunohistochemistry, Staining
17) Product Images from "Acute cocaine exposure weakens GABAB receptor-dependent Girk signaling in dopamine neurons of the ventral tegmental area"
Article Title: Acute cocaine exposure weakens GABAB receptor-dependent Girk signaling in dopamine neurons of the ventral tegmental area
Journal: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0494-11.2011

Figure Legend Snippet: Acute cocaine decreases the density of Girk2 on the plasma membrane of VTA DA neurons
Techniques Used:
18) Product Images from "Peripheral G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels are involved in delta opioid receptor-mediated anti-hyperalgesia in rat masseter muscle"
Article Title: Peripheral G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels are involved in delta opioid receptor-mediated anti-hyperalgesia in rat masseter muscle
Journal: European journal of pain (London, England)
doi: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00343.x

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 expression in IB4-binding non-peptidergic TG neurons
Techniques Used: Expressing, Binding Assay
19) Product Images from "Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??"
Article Title: Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??
Journal:
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.173229

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 is not regulated by Gα i3 in whole oocytes
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Functional differences between homomeric GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Gα i3 GA does not regulate GIRK2 in excised plasma membrane patches
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Biochemical and functional differences between GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: The basal activity is Gβγ dependent in GIRK1*, but Gβγ independent in GIRK2
Techniques Used: Activity Assay
20) Product Images from "Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??"
Article Title: Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??
Journal:
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.173229

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 is not regulated by Gα i3 in whole oocytes
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Functional differences between homomeric GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Gα i3 GA does not regulate GIRK2 in excised plasma membrane patches
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Biochemical and functional differences between GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: The basal activity is Gβγ dependent in GIRK1*, but Gβγ independent in GIRK2
Techniques Used: Activity Assay
21) Product Images from "Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??"
Article Title: Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??
Journal:
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.173229

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 is not regulated by Gα i3 in whole oocytes
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Functional differences between homomeric GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Gα i3 GA does not regulate GIRK2 in excised plasma membrane patches
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Biochemical and functional differences between GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: The basal activity is Gβγ dependent in GIRK1*, but Gβγ independent in GIRK2
Techniques Used: Activity Assay
22) Product Images from "Peripheral G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels are involved in delta opioid receptor-mediated anti-hyperalgesia in rat masseter muscle"
Article Title: Peripheral G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels are involved in delta opioid receptor-mediated anti-hyperalgesia in rat masseter muscle
Journal: European journal of pain (London, England)
doi: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00343.x

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 expression in IB4-binding non-peptidergic TG neurons
Techniques Used: Expressing, Binding Assay
23) Product Images from "GIRK2 splice variants and neuronal G protein-gated K+ channels: implications for channel function and behavior"
Article Title: GIRK2 splice variants and neuronal G protein-gated K+ channels: implications for channel function and behavior
Journal: Scientific Reports
doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-01820-2

Figure Legend Snippet: Overlap of GIRK2a and GIRK2c with PSD-95 in pyramidal neurons. ( A,B ) Representative images showing GIRK2 (red) and PSD-95 (green) immunolabeling, and their overlay, in a Girk2 −/− hippocampal pyramidal neuron expressing GIRK2a ( A ) or GIRK2c ( B ). Scale bars: 50 microns. The inset (Bi) highlights the limited overlap between PSD-95 and GIRK2, as demonstrated with GIRK2c. Scale bars: 20 microns. ( C ) Quantification of overlap between PSD-95 and GIRK2a or GIRK2c, under control conditions and following morphine treatment (n = 8 per isoform and treatment condition). Main effects of isoform (F 1,28 = 9.2, P
Techniques Used: Immunolabeling, Expressing

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 expression in the mouse hippocampus. ( A ) Girk2a and Girk2c mRNA levels as assessed by RNA-Seq in CA1 cell body and neuropil samples, taken from 3 adult mice. Main effects of isoform (F 1,8 = 14.3, P
Techniques Used: Expressing, RNA Sequencing Assay, Mouse Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Fear learning in CaMKIICre(+): Girk2 fl/fl mice expressing GIRK2a or GIRK2c. ( A ) EGFP expression in the dorsal CA1 of a CaMKIICre(+): Girk2 fl/fl mouse, 2 wk after infusion of the AAV8-CaMKIIα-DIO-GIRK2a-IRES-EGFP virus. Scale bar: 500 microns. ( B ) Representative somato-dendritic currents (V hold = −60 mV) evoked by baclofen (200 μM) and reversed by the GABA B R antagonist CGP54626 (2 μM) in dorsal CA1 pyramidal neurons from CaMKIICre(+): Girk2 fl/fl mice, 2 wk after infusion of Cre-dependent control (con, mCherry), GIRK2a, or GIRK2c virus. Scale: 100 pA/100 s. ( C ) Summary of baclofen-induced currents in dorsal CA1 pyramidal neurons from CaMKIICre(+): Girk2 fl/fl mice, 2 wk after infusion of Cre-dependent control (con, mCherry), GIRK2a, or GIRK2c virus (F 2,11 = 24.3, P
Techniques Used: Mouse Assay, Expressing

Figure Legend Snippet: Subcellular distribution of GIRK2a and GIRK2c in Girk2 −/− pyramidal neurons. ( A,B ) Representative images showing GIRK2 (red) and MAP2 (green) immunolabeling, and their overlay, in Girk2 −/− hippocampal pyramidal neurons expressing either GIRK2a ( A ) or GIRK2c ( B ). Scale bars: 50 microns. The insets highlight different densities of GIRK2a and GIRK2c puncta along proximal/primary (Ai,Bi) and distal/secondary (Aii,Bii) dendritic segments. Scale bars: 5 microns. ( C ) Quantification of GIRK2a and GIRK2c labeling in dendrites from infected Girk2 −/− pyramidal neurons. GIRK2 fluorescence intensity was measured in 2–3 primary ( t 27 = 1.4, P = 0.17), secondary ( t 29 = 2.1, * P
Techniques Used: Immunolabeling, Expressing, Labeling, Infection, Fluorescence

Figure Legend Snippet: GPCR-GIRK currents in Girk2 −/− pyramidal neurons expressing GIRK2a or GIRK2c. ( A ) Whole-cell currents (V hold = −70 mV) evoked by baclofen (100 μM) in a wild-type pyramidal neuron expressing EGFP (WT, black), as well as Girk2 −/− pyramidal neurons expressing EGFP ( Girk2 −/− , gray), GIRK2a (red), or GIRK2c (blue). Scale: 1 nA/5 s. ( B ) Summary of baclofen-induced, steady-state current densities (pA/pF) in wild-type control and Girk2 −/− pyramidal neurons expressing EGFP, GIRK2a, or GIRK2c (F 3,53 = 44.8, P
Techniques Used: Expressing

Figure Legend Snippet: Synaptic GIRK currents in Girk2 −/− neurons expressing GIRK2a and GIRK2c. ( A ) Image showing EGFP expression in the CA1 region of an organotypic hippocampal slice, taken 7 d after infection with AAV8-hSyn-GIRK2a-IRES-EGFP. The dotted white line highlights key features of slice morphology. Scale bar: 500 microns (inset: 50 microns). ( B ) Summary of peak baclofen-induced somatodendritic current amplitudes (I baclofen ) in dorsal CA1 pyramidal neurons, measured 7 d after CA1 infusion of control virus (con) to wild-type (WT) organotypic slices, or GIRK2 expression viruses (2a, 2c) to Girk2 −/− organotypic slices (F 2,17 = 1.2, P
Techniques Used: Expressing, Infection
24) Product Images from "Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??"
Article Title: Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??
Journal:
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.173229

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 is not regulated by Gα i3 in whole oocytes
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Functional differences between homomeric GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Gα i3 GA does not regulate GIRK2 in excised plasma membrane patches
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Biochemical and functional differences between GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: The basal activity is Gβγ dependent in GIRK1*, but Gβγ independent in GIRK2
Techniques Used: Activity Assay
25) Product Images from "A PITX3-EGFP Reporter Line Reveals Connectivity of Dopamine and Non-dopamine Neuronal Subtypes in Grafts Generated from Human Embryonic Stem Cells"
Article Title: A PITX3-EGFP Reporter Line Reveals Connectivity of Dopamine and Non-dopamine Neuronal Subtypes in Grafts Generated from Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Journal: Stem Cell Reports
doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.08.002

Figure Legend Snippet: DA Neuronal-Subtype-Specific Innervation of Host Targets Small deposits of Fluorogold (FG) were injected into the dorsolateral striatum (A) or frontal cortex (C) 27 weeks after grafting. The deposits were verified as being located remotely to the graft core for each animal as shown in photomontages of fluorescent detection of EGFP (grayscale; note EGFP + fiber network can be seen in the striatum) and FG (red) in representative coronal sections (A and B). Detection of FG (grayscale), EGFP (green), GIRK2 (red), and CALBINDIN (blue) in animals receiving FG in either the dorsolateral striatum (B) or frontal cortex (D) highlight representative examples of DA neuronal phenotypes projecting to these regions. A total of 79 FG + grafted cells were detected in animals injected with FG in the dorsolateral striatum, of which 54 were EGFP + DA neurons and a total of 105 were detected in animals injected in the frontal cortex, of which only 12 were EGFP + DA neurons (E). For each FG + cell the relative location on the axis between the center of the graft and the graft-host border is indicated as well as the soma size (maximum diameter) and the GIRK2/CALBINDIN expression profile. Dopamine neurons (EGFP + ) retrogradely labeled (FG + ) from the dorsolateral striatum are plotted on the left of the graph and EGFP + /FG + neurons retrogradely labeled from frontal cortex are plotted on the right. A number of examples of GABA-containing neurons retrogradely labeled from cortex were also observed in the grafts (F). Scale bars, 1 mm (A and C); 50 μm (B, D, and F). The schematic in (A) is modified from an original created by Bengt Mattsson (Lund University, Sweden).
Techniques Used: Injection, Expressing, Labeling, Modification

Figure Legend Snippet: Immunohistochemical Identification of DA Neuronal Subtypes in Grafts at 28 Weeks (A) The vast majority of EGFP + cells were TH + with typical midbrain dopamine neuron morphology. (B–G) Most EGFP + DA neurons also expressed VMAT and DAT with a punctate pattern typical for these proteins (closed arrowheads). Cytoplasmic distribution of EGFP showed a mix of neuronal morphologies including smaller spherical neurons typical for A10 identity (C), as well as large, angular cell soma typical for A9 neurons (D). The GFP + neurons were also mixed based on GIRK2 and CALBINDIN expression and included EGFP + /GIRK2 + /CALBINDIN − (E–G; arrows, particularly at the periphery of the grafts), EGFP + /GIRK2 + /CALBINDIN + (E–G; open arrowheads), and a smaller contribution of EGFP + /GIRK2 − /CALBINDIN + neurons (E–G; closed arrowheads). (H) Comparison of the mean diameter (horizontal lines) of EGFP + cells in the periphery of the graft (n = 100; sampled across 3 grafts) showed these cells were significantly larger than those located more centrally (n = 100; sampled across 3 grafts, Student's t test: ∗∗∗∗ p
Techniques Used: Immunohistochemistry, Expressing
26) Product Images from "Peripheral G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels are involved in delta opioid receptor-mediated anti-hyperalgesia in rat masseter muscle"
Article Title: Peripheral G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels are involved in delta opioid receptor-mediated anti-hyperalgesia in rat masseter muscle
Journal: European journal of pain (London, England)
doi: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00343.x

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 expression in IB4-binding non-peptidergic TG neurons
Techniques Used: Expressing, Binding Assay
27) Product Images from "Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??"
Article Title: Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??
Journal:
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.173229

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 is not regulated by Gα i3 in whole oocytes
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Functional differences between homomeric GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Gα i3 GA does not regulate GIRK2 in excised plasma membrane patches
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Biochemical and functional differences between GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: The basal activity is Gβγ dependent in GIRK1*, but Gβγ independent in GIRK2
Techniques Used: Activity Assay
28) Product Images from "Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??"
Article Title: Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??
Journal:
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.173229

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 is not regulated by Gα i3 in whole oocytes
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Functional differences between homomeric GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Gα i3 GA does not regulate GIRK2 in excised plasma membrane patches
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Biochemical and functional differences between GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: The basal activity is Gβγ dependent in GIRK1*, but Gβγ independent in GIRK2
Techniques Used: Activity Assay
29) Product Images from "Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??"
Article Title: Divergent regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK2 subunits of the neuronal G protein gated K+ channel by G?iGDP and G??
Journal:
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.173229

Figure Legend Snippet: GIRK2 is not regulated by Gα i3 in whole oocytes
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Functional differences between homomeric GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: Gα i3 GA does not regulate GIRK2 in excised plasma membrane patches
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Biochemical and functional differences between GIRK1 and GIRK2
Techniques Used: Functional Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: The basal activity is Gβγ dependent in GIRK1*, but Gβγ independent in GIRK2
Techniques Used: Activity Assay
30) Product Images from "Structural elements in the Girk1 subunit that potentiate G protein-gated potassium channel activity"
Article Title: Structural elements in the Girk1 subunit that potentiate G protein-gated potassium channel activity
Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1212019110

Figure Legend Snippet: Impact of the Girk1 P-loop and M2 domain. ( A ) Sequence alignment of Girk1 and Girk2 core domains, with key structural elements highlighted. The arrowheads denote three residues tested for their influence on the M2-dependent inhibition of baclofen-induced
Techniques Used: Sequencing, Inhibition
![... residues. ( A ) Alignment of Girk1 and Girk2 P-loop domains. The arrowheads denote the four amino ... Impact of Girk1 P-loop residues. ( A ) Alignment of Girk1 and Girk2 P-loop domains. The arrowheads denote the four amino acid differences between Girk1 and Girk2 in this domain. ( B ) Modeling of the Girk2 homomer [Protein Data Bank (PDB) ID code 3SYQ] in](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3535602/bin/pnas.1212019110fig06.gif.jpg)
Figure Legend Snippet: Impact of Girk1 P-loop residues. ( A ) Alignment of Girk1 and Girk2 P-loop domains. The arrowheads denote the four amino acid differences between Girk1 and Girk2 in this domain. ( B ) Modeling of the Girk2 homomer [Protein Data Bank (PDB) ID code 3SYQ] in
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Impact of the Girk1 distal C terminus. ( A ) Basal and baclofen-induced currents in cells expressing GABA B R, Girk2, and the subunit depicted on the left ( n = 12–61 per group). A significant impact of group was observed for basal ( F 5,137 = 8.4;
Techniques Used: Expressing

Figure Legend Snippet: Potentiating influence of Girk1. ( A ) Baclofen-induced and basal (Ba 2+ -sensitive) currents, measured in a high-K + bath solution (25 mM) at a holding potential of −70 mV, in cells expressing GABA B R and either Girk1/Girk2 or Girk2 alone. Bars denote
Techniques Used: Expressing

Figure Legend Snippet: Impact of the Girk1 core. ( A ) Basal and baclofen-induced currents in cells expressing GABA B R, Girk2, and the depicted construct ( n = 10–34 per group). A significant impact of group was observed for basal ( F 5,105 = 10.3; P
Techniques Used: Expressing, Construct

Figure Legend Snippet: Impact of Q404. ( A ) Basal and baclofen-induced currents in cells expressing GABA B R, Girk2, and the depicted construct ( n = 19–20 per group). A significant difference between groups was observed for baclofen-induced ( t 37 = 2.8; P
Techniques Used: Expressing, Construct