Structured Review

Millipore d1 receptor expression
( A ) Representative 20X image for CNT (Left) and ELS (Right) BLA slice, outlined in white. DAPI: blue, <t>D1</t> <t>receptor</t> (D1R) immunoreactivity: green. ( B ) Summary plot shows mean BLA nuclei count in CNT (N = 5 animals, n = 6 slice per animal) and ELS (N = 4 animals, n = 6 slice per animal). ( C ) Summary plot shows mean optical density of BLA D1Rs for CNT and ELS animals. ( D ) Left: Representative images of coronal hindbrain slices for a CNT (Top) and ELS (Bottom) animal at 4X. Right: 20x images of outlined rectangles on 4X images with arrow-tips indicating tdT-TH+ colocalized neurons; VTA: white square; substantia nigra (SN): white rectangle. ( E ) Top: Grouped bar plot shows average number of BLA-projecting neurons (tdT+) from SN and VTA. Bottom: Grouped bar plot shows average number of TH+ neurons in SN and VTA. ( F ) Grouped bar plot shows percentage of tdT-TH+ colocalized neurons in SN and VTA. ** p < 0.01. Error bars represent SEM.
D1 Receptor Expression, supplied by Millipore, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Images

1) Product Images from "Early life stress impairs VTA coordination of BLA network and behavioral states"

Article Title: Early life stress impairs VTA coordination of BLA network and behavioral states

Journal: bioRxiv

doi: 10.1101/2023.09.16.558081

( A ) Representative 20X image for CNT (Left) and ELS (Right) BLA slice, outlined in white. DAPI: blue, D1 receptor (D1R) immunoreactivity: green. ( B ) Summary plot shows mean BLA nuclei count in CNT (N = 5 animals, n = 6 slice per animal) and ELS (N = 4 animals, n = 6 slice per animal). ( C ) Summary plot shows mean optical density of BLA D1Rs for CNT and ELS animals. ( D ) Left: Representative images of coronal hindbrain slices for a CNT (Top) and ELS (Bottom) animal at 4X. Right: 20x images of outlined rectangles on 4X images with arrow-tips indicating tdT-TH+ colocalized neurons; VTA: white square; substantia nigra (SN): white rectangle. ( E ) Top: Grouped bar plot shows average number of BLA-projecting neurons (tdT+) from SN and VTA. Bottom: Grouped bar plot shows average number of TH+ neurons in SN and VTA. ( F ) Grouped bar plot shows percentage of tdT-TH+ colocalized neurons in SN and VTA. ** p < 0.01. Error bars represent SEM.
Figure Legend Snippet: ( A ) Representative 20X image for CNT (Left) and ELS (Right) BLA slice, outlined in white. DAPI: blue, D1 receptor (D1R) immunoreactivity: green. ( B ) Summary plot shows mean BLA nuclei count in CNT (N = 5 animals, n = 6 slice per animal) and ELS (N = 4 animals, n = 6 slice per animal). ( C ) Summary plot shows mean optical density of BLA D1Rs for CNT and ELS animals. ( D ) Left: Representative images of coronal hindbrain slices for a CNT (Top) and ELS (Bottom) animal at 4X. Right: 20x images of outlined rectangles on 4X images with arrow-tips indicating tdT-TH+ colocalized neurons; VTA: white square; substantia nigra (SN): white rectangle. ( E ) Top: Grouped bar plot shows average number of BLA-projecting neurons (tdT+) from SN and VTA. Bottom: Grouped bar plot shows average number of TH+ neurons in SN and VTA. ( F ) Grouped bar plot shows percentage of tdT-TH+ colocalized neurons in SN and VTA. ** p < 0.01. Error bars represent SEM.

Techniques Used:


Structured Review

Millipore d1r
Effects of global <t>D1r</t> or D2r ablation on differentiation and function of CD4 + T cells in CIA mice. A Protein expression of D1R and D2R in ankle joints and spleen of mice. The left panel indicates Western blotting bands and the right panel is densitometric data normalized to β-actin ( n = 5/group). B Flow cytometric assay of the CD4 + T cell subsets, CD4 + IFN-γ + (Th1) cells, CD4 + IL-4 + (Th2) cells, CD4 + IL-17 + (Th17) cells, and CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + (Treg) cells. Representative images of the flow cytometric assay are exhibited in the left panel and quantitative data showing percentages of the CD4 + T cell subsets in total CD4 + T cells are indicated in the right panel ( n = 5/group). C Protein expression of the specific transcription factors T-bet, GATA-3, ROR-γt and Foxp3 for Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells, respectively, in ankle joints. Representative Western blotting bands are exhibited in the left panel and densitometric data normalized to β-actin are indicated in the right panel ( n = 5/group). D-G Contents of the cytokines IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17A and TGF-β1 in ankle joints measured by ELISA. n = 6/group. ** P < 0.01, versus control or WT mice; # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, versus WT CIA mice
D1r, supplied by Millipore, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Images

1) Product Images from "Dopamine D2 receptor on CD4 + T cells is protective against inflammatory responses and signs in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis"

Article Title: Dopamine D2 receptor on CD4 + T cells is protective against inflammatory responses and signs in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis

Journal: Arthritis Research & Therapy

doi: 10.1186/s13075-023-03071-1

Effects of global D1r or D2r ablation on differentiation and function of CD4 + T cells in CIA mice. A Protein expression of D1R and D2R in ankle joints and spleen of mice. The left panel indicates Western blotting bands and the right panel is densitometric data normalized to β-actin ( n = 5/group). B Flow cytometric assay of the CD4 + T cell subsets, CD4 + IFN-γ + (Th1) cells, CD4 + IL-4 + (Th2) cells, CD4 + IL-17 + (Th17) cells, and CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + (Treg) cells. Representative images of the flow cytometric assay are exhibited in the left panel and quantitative data showing percentages of the CD4 + T cell subsets in total CD4 + T cells are indicated in the right panel ( n = 5/group). C Protein expression of the specific transcription factors T-bet, GATA-3, ROR-γt and Foxp3 for Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells, respectively, in ankle joints. Representative Western blotting bands are exhibited in the left panel and densitometric data normalized to β-actin are indicated in the right panel ( n = 5/group). D-G Contents of the cytokines IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17A and TGF-β1 in ankle joints measured by ELISA. n = 6/group. ** P < 0.01, versus control or WT mice; # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, versus WT CIA mice
Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of global D1r or D2r ablation on differentiation and function of CD4 + T cells in CIA mice. A Protein expression of D1R and D2R in ankle joints and spleen of mice. The left panel indicates Western blotting bands and the right panel is densitometric data normalized to β-actin ( n = 5/group). B Flow cytometric assay of the CD4 + T cell subsets, CD4 + IFN-γ + (Th1) cells, CD4 + IL-4 + (Th2) cells, CD4 + IL-17 + (Th17) cells, and CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + (Treg) cells. Representative images of the flow cytometric assay are exhibited in the left panel and quantitative data showing percentages of the CD4 + T cell subsets in total CD4 + T cells are indicated in the right panel ( n = 5/group). C Protein expression of the specific transcription factors T-bet, GATA-3, ROR-γt and Foxp3 for Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells, respectively, in ankle joints. Representative Western blotting bands are exhibited in the left panel and densitometric data normalized to β-actin are indicated in the right panel ( n = 5/group). D-G Contents of the cytokines IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17A and TGF-β1 in ankle joints measured by ELISA. n = 6/group. ** P < 0.01, versus control or WT mice; # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, versus WT CIA mice

Techniques Used: Expressing, Western Blot, Flow Cytometry, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay


Structured Review

Millipore d1r
SS- Resp18 mutant rats have decreased renal D1-like receptor protein expression: SS and SS- Resp18 mutant rats were maintained on a high-salt diet for six weeks, and then the rat kidneys were harvested. Kidney protein lysates were immunoblotted for ( A ) <t>D1R</t> and D5R protein in SS and SS- Resp18 mutant rats, and ( B , C ) respective expressions were quantified by densitometry ( n = 6). Data are mean ± SEM. p = 0.011, p = 0.0003, vs. SS- Resp18 mutant rats, t -test.
D1r, supplied by Millipore, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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d1r - by Bioz Stars, 2023-11
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Images

1) Product Images from "Intrarenal Dopaminergic System Is Dysregulated in SS- Resp18 mutant Rats"

Article Title: Intrarenal Dopaminergic System Is Dysregulated in SS- Resp18 mutant Rats

Journal: Biomedicines

doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11010111

SS- Resp18 mutant rats have decreased renal D1-like receptor protein expression: SS and SS- Resp18 mutant rats were maintained on a high-salt diet for six weeks, and then the rat kidneys were harvested. Kidney protein lysates were immunoblotted for ( A ) D1R and D5R protein in SS and SS- Resp18 mutant rats, and ( B , C ) respective expressions were quantified by densitometry ( n = 6). Data are mean ± SEM. p = 0.011, p = 0.0003, vs. SS- Resp18 mutant rats, t -test.
Figure Legend Snippet: SS- Resp18 mutant rats have decreased renal D1-like receptor protein expression: SS and SS- Resp18 mutant rats were maintained on a high-salt diet for six weeks, and then the rat kidneys were harvested. Kidney protein lysates were immunoblotted for ( A ) D1R and D5R protein in SS and SS- Resp18 mutant rats, and ( B , C ) respective expressions were quantified by densitometry ( n = 6). Data are mean ± SEM. p = 0.011, p = 0.0003, vs. SS- Resp18 mutant rats, t -test.

Techniques Used: Mutagenesis, Expressing


Structured Review

Millipore anti d1 receptor
Pain relief increased dopaminergic <t>D2</t> <t>receptor</t> expression in injured mice. D2 receptor expression in the CeA was significantly decreased in incised mice treated with PNB compared with incised mice treated with saline (n = 6; * p < 0.05 vs the incision+saline group; one-way ANOVA,Interaction::F (3, 20) = 6.274). The expression of <t>D1</t> receptor was not significantly changed. (b) In the CeA, D1 receptor was mainly expressed in glutamatergic excitatory neurons (positive for glutaminase). In the CeA, D2 receptor was predominantly expressed in GABAergic inhibitory neurons (positive for GABA). Scale bar, 50 μm.
Anti D1 Receptor, supplied by Millipore, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Images

1) Product Images from "Dopamine receptor D2, but not D1, mediates the reward circuit from the ventral tegmental area to the central amygdala, which is involved in pain relief"

Article Title: Dopamine receptor D2, but not D1, mediates the reward circuit from the ventral tegmental area to the central amygdala, which is involved in pain relief

Journal: Molecular Pain

doi: 10.1177/17448069221145096

Pain relief increased dopaminergic D2 receptor expression in injured mice. D2 receptor expression in the CeA was significantly decreased in incised mice treated with PNB compared with incised mice treated with saline (n = 6; * p < 0.05 vs the incision+saline group; one-way ANOVA,Interaction::F (3, 20) = 6.274). The expression of D1 receptor was not significantly changed. (b) In the CeA, D1 receptor was mainly expressed in glutamatergic excitatory neurons (positive for glutaminase). In the CeA, D2 receptor was predominantly expressed in GABAergic inhibitory neurons (positive for GABA). Scale bar, 50 μm.
Figure Legend Snippet: Pain relief increased dopaminergic D2 receptor expression in injured mice. D2 receptor expression in the CeA was significantly decreased in incised mice treated with PNB compared with incised mice treated with saline (n = 6; * p < 0.05 vs the incision+saline group; one-way ANOVA,Interaction::F (3, 20) = 6.274). The expression of D1 receptor was not significantly changed. (b) In the CeA, D1 receptor was mainly expressed in glutamatergic excitatory neurons (positive for glutaminase). In the CeA, D2 receptor was predominantly expressed in GABAergic inhibitory neurons (positive for GABA). Scale bar, 50 μm.

Techniques Used: Expressing


Figure Legend Snippet:

Techniques Used:


Structured Review

Millipore antibodies against d1r
Pain relief increased dopaminergic D2 receptor expression in injured mice. D2 receptor expression in the CeA was significantly decreased in incised mice treated with PNB compared with incised mice treated with saline (n = 6; * p < 0.05 vs the incision+saline group; one-way ANOVA,Interaction::F (3, 20) = 6.274). The expression of <t>D1</t> <t>receptor</t> was not significantly changed. (b) In the CeA, D1 receptor was mainly expressed in glutamatergic excitatory neurons (positive for glutaminase). In the CeA, D2 receptor was predominantly expressed in GABAergic inhibitory neurons (positive for GABA). Scale bar, 50 μm.
Antibodies Against D1r, supplied by Millipore, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/antibodies against d1r/product/Millipore
Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
Price from $9.99 to $1999.99
antibodies against d1r - by Bioz Stars, 2023-11
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Images

1) Product Images from "Dopamine receptor D2, but not D1, mediates the reward circuit from the ventral tegmental area to the central amygdala, which is involved in pain relief"

Article Title: Dopamine receptor D2, but not D1, mediates the reward circuit from the ventral tegmental area to the central amygdala, which is involved in pain relief

Journal: Molecular Pain

doi: 10.1177/17448069221145096

Pain relief increased dopaminergic D2 receptor expression in injured mice. D2 receptor expression in the CeA was significantly decreased in incised mice treated with PNB compared with incised mice treated with saline (n = 6; * p < 0.05 vs the incision+saline group; one-way ANOVA,Interaction::F (3, 20) = 6.274). The expression of D1 receptor was not significantly changed. (b) In the CeA, D1 receptor was mainly expressed in glutamatergic excitatory neurons (positive for glutaminase). In the CeA, D2 receptor was predominantly expressed in GABAergic inhibitory neurons (positive for GABA). Scale bar, 50 μm.
Figure Legend Snippet: Pain relief increased dopaminergic D2 receptor expression in injured mice. D2 receptor expression in the CeA was significantly decreased in incised mice treated with PNB compared with incised mice treated with saline (n = 6; * p < 0.05 vs the incision+saline group; one-way ANOVA,Interaction::F (3, 20) = 6.274). The expression of D1 receptor was not significantly changed. (b) In the CeA, D1 receptor was mainly expressed in glutamatergic excitatory neurons (positive for glutaminase). In the CeA, D2 receptor was predominantly expressed in GABAergic inhibitory neurons (positive for GABA). Scale bar, 50 μm.

Techniques Used: Expressing


Figure Legend Snippet:

Techniques Used:


Structured Review

Millipore rabbit antibody against d1r
Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-fusion interfering peptide (Tat-D1Ri) on <t>D1R–GluN1</t> interactions. Notes: Tat-D1Ri, Tat-D1Rc, or saline were locally injected into the striatum of the normal adult rat at a rate of 0.2 µL/min. Rat striatal tissues were then used for coimmunoprecipitation experiments to validate the efficacy and selectivity of interfering peptide. The intrastriatal injection of Tat-D1Ri rather than Tat-D1Rc caused reduction of <t>D1R–GluN1</t> interactions, which demonstrated the effectiveness of Tat-D1Ri. Abbreviations: Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; Ig, Immunoglobulin; IP, immunoprecipitation; IB, immunoblot.
Rabbit Antibody Against D1r, supplied by Millipore, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/rabbit antibody against d1r/product/Millipore
Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
Price from $9.99 to $1999.99
rabbit antibody against d1r - by Bioz Stars, 2023-11
86/100 stars

Images

1) Product Images from "Targeting the D1-N-methyl- d -aspartate receptor complex reduces l -dopa-induced dyskinesia in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned Parkinson’s rats"

Article Title: Targeting the D1-N-methyl- d -aspartate receptor complex reduces l -dopa-induced dyskinesia in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned Parkinson’s rats

Journal: Drug Design, Development and Therapy

doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S93487

Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-fusion interfering peptide (Tat-D1Ri) on D1R–GluN1 interactions. Notes: Tat-D1Ri, Tat-D1Rc, or saline were locally injected into the striatum of the normal adult rat at a rate of 0.2 µL/min. Rat striatal tissues were then used for coimmunoprecipitation experiments to validate the efficacy and selectivity of interfering peptide. The intrastriatal injection of Tat-D1Ri rather than Tat-D1Rc caused reduction of D1R–GluN1 interactions, which demonstrated the effectiveness of Tat-D1Ri. Abbreviations: Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; Ig, Immunoglobulin; IP, immunoprecipitation; IB, immunoblot.
Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-fusion interfering peptide (Tat-D1Ri) on D1R–GluN1 interactions. Notes: Tat-D1Ri, Tat-D1Rc, or saline were locally injected into the striatum of the normal adult rat at a rate of 0.2 µL/min. Rat striatal tissues were then used for coimmunoprecipitation experiments to validate the efficacy and selectivity of interfering peptide. The intrastriatal injection of Tat-D1Ri rather than Tat-D1Rc caused reduction of D1R–GluN1 interactions, which demonstrated the effectiveness of Tat-D1Ri. Abbreviations: Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; Ig, Immunoglobulin; IP, immunoprecipitation; IB, immunoblot.

Techniques Used: Injection, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot

Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Ri on membrane D1R subunit expression. Notes: Protein levels were evaluated by Western blotting of proteins extracted from the lesioned striatum of the rat brains. They were assessed in extracts from 6-OHDA-lesioned rats treated with pulsatile l -dopa plus intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Rc or Tat-D1Ri. ( A ) Representative Western blot analysis of D1R in the membrane fraction; ( B ) densitometric analysis of two blots with specific protein signals normalized to the corresponding GAPDH levels. Data are expressed as means ± SEM. Statistical analysis was conducted by independent-samples t -test. * P =0.05 versus LID + Tat-D1Rc. Abbreviations: 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; l -dopa, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine; LID, l -dopa-induced dyskinesia; SEM, standard error of mean; Tat-D1Ri, Tat-fusion interfering peptide; Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Ri on membrane D1R subunit expression. Notes: Protein levels were evaluated by Western blotting of proteins extracted from the lesioned striatum of the rat brains. They were assessed in extracts from 6-OHDA-lesioned rats treated with pulsatile l -dopa plus intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Rc or Tat-D1Ri. ( A ) Representative Western blot analysis of D1R in the membrane fraction; ( B ) densitometric analysis of two blots with specific protein signals normalized to the corresponding GAPDH levels. Data are expressed as means ± SEM. Statistical analysis was conducted by independent-samples t -test. * P =0.05 versus LID + Tat-D1Rc. Abbreviations: 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; l -dopa, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine; LID, l -dopa-induced dyskinesia; SEM, standard error of mean; Tat-D1Ri, Tat-fusion interfering peptide; Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.

Techniques Used: Expressing, Western Blot


Structured Review

Millipore rabbit primary antibody against d1r
Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-fusion interfering peptide (Tat-D1Ri) on <t>D1R–GluN1</t> interactions. Notes: Tat-D1Ri, Tat-D1Rc, or saline were locally injected into the striatum of the normal adult rat at a rate of 0.2 µL/min. Rat striatal tissues were then used for coimmunoprecipitation experiments to validate the efficacy and selectivity of interfering peptide. The intrastriatal injection of Tat-D1Ri rather than Tat-D1Rc caused reduction of <t>D1R–GluN1</t> interactions, which demonstrated the effectiveness of Tat-D1Ri. Abbreviations: Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; Ig, Immunoglobulin; IP, immunoprecipitation; IB, immunoblot.
Rabbit Primary Antibody Against D1r, supplied by Millipore, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/rabbit primary antibody against d1r/product/Millipore
Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
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rabbit primary antibody against d1r - by Bioz Stars, 2023-11
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Images

1) Product Images from "Targeting the D1-N-methyl- d -aspartate receptor complex reduces l -dopa-induced dyskinesia in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned Parkinson’s rats"

Article Title: Targeting the D1-N-methyl- d -aspartate receptor complex reduces l -dopa-induced dyskinesia in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned Parkinson’s rats

Journal: Drug Design, Development and Therapy

doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S93487

Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-fusion interfering peptide (Tat-D1Ri) on D1R–GluN1 interactions. Notes: Tat-D1Ri, Tat-D1Rc, or saline were locally injected into the striatum of the normal adult rat at a rate of 0.2 µL/min. Rat striatal tissues were then used for coimmunoprecipitation experiments to validate the efficacy and selectivity of interfering peptide. The intrastriatal injection of Tat-D1Ri rather than Tat-D1Rc caused reduction of D1R–GluN1 interactions, which demonstrated the effectiveness of Tat-D1Ri. Abbreviations: Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; Ig, Immunoglobulin; IP, immunoprecipitation; IB, immunoblot.
Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-fusion interfering peptide (Tat-D1Ri) on D1R–GluN1 interactions. Notes: Tat-D1Ri, Tat-D1Rc, or saline were locally injected into the striatum of the normal adult rat at a rate of 0.2 µL/min. Rat striatal tissues were then used for coimmunoprecipitation experiments to validate the efficacy and selectivity of interfering peptide. The intrastriatal injection of Tat-D1Ri rather than Tat-D1Rc caused reduction of D1R–GluN1 interactions, which demonstrated the effectiveness of Tat-D1Ri. Abbreviations: Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; Ig, Immunoglobulin; IP, immunoprecipitation; IB, immunoblot.

Techniques Used: Injection, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot

Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Ri on membrane D1R subunit expression. Notes: Protein levels were evaluated by Western blotting of proteins extracted from the lesioned striatum of the rat brains. They were assessed in extracts from 6-OHDA-lesioned rats treated with pulsatile l -dopa plus intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Rc or Tat-D1Ri. ( A ) Representative Western blot analysis of D1R in the membrane fraction; ( B ) densitometric analysis of two blots with specific protein signals normalized to the corresponding GAPDH levels. Data are expressed as means ± SEM. Statistical analysis was conducted by independent-samples t -test. * P =0.05 versus LID + Tat-D1Rc. Abbreviations: 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; l -dopa, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine; LID, l -dopa-induced dyskinesia; SEM, standard error of mean; Tat-D1Ri, Tat-fusion interfering peptide; Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Ri on membrane D1R subunit expression. Notes: Protein levels were evaluated by Western blotting of proteins extracted from the lesioned striatum of the rat brains. They were assessed in extracts from 6-OHDA-lesioned rats treated with pulsatile l -dopa plus intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Rc or Tat-D1Ri. ( A ) Representative Western blot analysis of D1R in the membrane fraction; ( B ) densitometric analysis of two blots with specific protein signals normalized to the corresponding GAPDH levels. Data are expressed as means ± SEM. Statistical analysis was conducted by independent-samples t -test. * P =0.05 versus LID + Tat-D1Rc. Abbreviations: 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; l -dopa, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine; LID, l -dopa-induced dyskinesia; SEM, standard error of mean; Tat-D1Ri, Tat-fusion interfering peptide; Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.

Techniques Used: Expressing, Western Blot


Structured Review

Millipore d1r
Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-fusion interfering peptide (Tat-D1Ri) on <t>D1R–GluN1</t> interactions. Notes: Tat-D1Ri, Tat-D1Rc, or saline were locally injected into the striatum of the normal adult rat at a rate of 0.2 µL/min. Rat striatal tissues were then used for coimmunoprecipitation experiments to validate the efficacy and selectivity of interfering peptide. The intrastriatal injection of Tat-D1Ri rather than Tat-D1Rc caused reduction of <t>D1R–GluN1</t> interactions, which demonstrated the effectiveness of Tat-D1Ri. Abbreviations: Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; Ig, Immunoglobulin; IP, immunoprecipitation; IB, immunoblot.
D1r, supplied by Millipore, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/d1r/product/Millipore
Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
Price from $9.99 to $1999.99
d1r - by Bioz Stars, 2023-11
86/100 stars

Images

1) Product Images from "Targeting the D1-N-methyl- d -aspartate receptor complex reduces l -dopa-induced dyskinesia in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned Parkinson’s rats"

Article Title: Targeting the D1-N-methyl- d -aspartate receptor complex reduces l -dopa-induced dyskinesia in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned Parkinson’s rats

Journal: Drug Design, Development and Therapy

doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S93487

Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-fusion interfering peptide (Tat-D1Ri) on D1R–GluN1 interactions. Notes: Tat-D1Ri, Tat-D1Rc, or saline were locally injected into the striatum of the normal adult rat at a rate of 0.2 µL/min. Rat striatal tissues were then used for coimmunoprecipitation experiments to validate the efficacy and selectivity of interfering peptide. The intrastriatal injection of Tat-D1Ri rather than Tat-D1Rc caused reduction of D1R–GluN1 interactions, which demonstrated the effectiveness of Tat-D1Ri. Abbreviations: Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; Ig, Immunoglobulin; IP, immunoprecipitation; IB, immunoblot.
Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-fusion interfering peptide (Tat-D1Ri) on D1R–GluN1 interactions. Notes: Tat-D1Ri, Tat-D1Rc, or saline were locally injected into the striatum of the normal adult rat at a rate of 0.2 µL/min. Rat striatal tissues were then used for coimmunoprecipitation experiments to validate the efficacy and selectivity of interfering peptide. The intrastriatal injection of Tat-D1Ri rather than Tat-D1Rc caused reduction of D1R–GluN1 interactions, which demonstrated the effectiveness of Tat-D1Ri. Abbreviations: Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; Ig, Immunoglobulin; IP, immunoprecipitation; IB, immunoblot.

Techniques Used: Injection, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot

Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Ri on membrane D1R subunit expression. Notes: Protein levels were evaluated by Western blotting of proteins extracted from the lesioned striatum of the rat brains. They were assessed in extracts from 6-OHDA-lesioned rats treated with pulsatile l -dopa plus intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Rc or Tat-D1Ri. ( A ) Representative Western blot analysis of D1R in the membrane fraction; ( B ) densitometric analysis of two blots with specific protein signals normalized to the corresponding GAPDH levels. Data are expressed as means ± SEM. Statistical analysis was conducted by independent-samples t -test. * P =0.05 versus LID + Tat-D1Rc. Abbreviations: 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; l -dopa, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine; LID, l -dopa-induced dyskinesia; SEM, standard error of mean; Tat-D1Ri, Tat-fusion interfering peptide; Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Ri on membrane D1R subunit expression. Notes: Protein levels were evaluated by Western blotting of proteins extracted from the lesioned striatum of the rat brains. They were assessed in extracts from 6-OHDA-lesioned rats treated with pulsatile l -dopa plus intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Rc or Tat-D1Ri. ( A ) Representative Western blot analysis of D1R in the membrane fraction; ( B ) densitometric analysis of two blots with specific protein signals normalized to the corresponding GAPDH levels. Data are expressed as means ± SEM. Statistical analysis was conducted by independent-samples t -test. * P =0.05 versus LID + Tat-D1Rc. Abbreviations: 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; l -dopa, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine; LID, l -dopa-induced dyskinesia; SEM, standard error of mean; Tat-D1Ri, Tat-fusion interfering peptide; Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.

Techniques Used: Expressing, Western Blot


Structured Review

Millipore d1 receptor
Rescue of <t>D1-induced</t> LTP by DL-AP3 in the Fmr1 KO mice. (A) The pairing training produced a significant, long-lasting potentiation of synaptic responses in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 12 slices/5 mice), but not in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 9 slices/4 mice); (B) DL-AP3 (10 μM) did not alter the amplitude of LTP in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 9 slices/3 mice). DL-AP3 (10 μM) failed to induce LTP in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 11 slices/5 mice). (C) SKF81297 (5μM) facilitated LTP induction in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 8 slices/3 mice), but failed to induce LTP in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 11 slices/5 mice). (D) Bath application of SKF81297 (5 μM) and DL-AP3 (10 μM) induced LTP in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 10 slices/3 mice) (n = 10 slices/3 mice) and markedly rescued the LTP induction by SKF81297 in the Fmr1 KO mice (n = 12 slices/4 mice). (E) SCH23390 (10 μM) blocked the LTP by synergistic application of SKF81297 and DL-AP3 in the KO mice (n = 13 slices/4 mice). (F and G) SKF81297 (5 μM, 30 min) or DL-AP3 (10 μM, 30 min) had no effect on basal synaptic responses without pairing training (n = 8) in the Fmr1 WT and KO mice. (H) Summary of the effects of DL-AP3 or/and SKF81297 on the LTP induction. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared with WT; # p < 0.05 compared with control; && p < 0.01 compared with SKF81297 + DL-AP3 in WT mice; @ p < 0.05 compared with SKF81297 + DL-AP3 in KO mice.
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Images

1) Product Images from "Group I mGluR antagonist rescues the deficit of D1-induced LTP in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome"

Article Title: Group I mGluR antagonist rescues the deficit of D1-induced LTP in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome

Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration

doi: 10.1186/1750-1326-7-24

Rescue of D1-induced LTP by DL-AP3 in the Fmr1 KO mice. (A) The pairing training produced a significant, long-lasting potentiation of synaptic responses in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 12 slices/5 mice), but not in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 9 slices/4 mice); (B) DL-AP3 (10 μM) did not alter the amplitude of LTP in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 9 slices/3 mice). DL-AP3 (10 μM) failed to induce LTP in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 11 slices/5 mice). (C) SKF81297 (5μM) facilitated LTP induction in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 8 slices/3 mice), but failed to induce LTP in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 11 slices/5 mice). (D) Bath application of SKF81297 (5 μM) and DL-AP3 (10 μM) induced LTP in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 10 slices/3 mice) (n = 10 slices/3 mice) and markedly rescued the LTP induction by SKF81297 in the Fmr1 KO mice (n = 12 slices/4 mice). (E) SCH23390 (10 μM) blocked the LTP by synergistic application of SKF81297 and DL-AP3 in the KO mice (n = 13 slices/4 mice). (F and G) SKF81297 (5 μM, 30 min) or DL-AP3 (10 μM, 30 min) had no effect on basal synaptic responses without pairing training (n = 8) in the Fmr1 WT and KO mice. (H) Summary of the effects of DL-AP3 or/and SKF81297 on the LTP induction. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared with WT; # p < 0.05 compared with control; && p < 0.01 compared with SKF81297 + DL-AP3 in WT mice; @ p < 0.05 compared with SKF81297 + DL-AP3 in KO mice.
Figure Legend Snippet: Rescue of D1-induced LTP by DL-AP3 in the Fmr1 KO mice. (A) The pairing training produced a significant, long-lasting potentiation of synaptic responses in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 12 slices/5 mice), but not in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 9 slices/4 mice); (B) DL-AP3 (10 μM) did not alter the amplitude of LTP in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 9 slices/3 mice). DL-AP3 (10 μM) failed to induce LTP in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 11 slices/5 mice). (C) SKF81297 (5μM) facilitated LTP induction in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 8 slices/3 mice), but failed to induce LTP in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 11 slices/5 mice). (D) Bath application of SKF81297 (5 μM) and DL-AP3 (10 μM) induced LTP in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 10 slices/3 mice) (n = 10 slices/3 mice) and markedly rescued the LTP induction by SKF81297 in the Fmr1 KO mice (n = 12 slices/4 mice). (E) SCH23390 (10 μM) blocked the LTP by synergistic application of SKF81297 and DL-AP3 in the KO mice (n = 13 slices/4 mice). (F and G) SKF81297 (5 μM, 30 min) or DL-AP3 (10 μM, 30 min) had no effect on basal synaptic responses without pairing training (n = 8) in the Fmr1 WT and KO mice. (H) Summary of the effects of DL-AP3 or/and SKF81297 on the LTP induction. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared with WT; # p < 0.05 compared with control; && p < 0.01 compared with SKF81297 + DL-AP3 in WT mice; @ p < 0.05 compared with SKF81297 + DL-AP3 in KO mice.

Techniques Used: Produced

Expression of GRK2 and D1 receptor phosphorylation. Expression levels of GRK2 were decreased in cytosol preparation (A) and increased in membrane preparation (B) from the cultures of Fmr1 KO mice as compared with KO neurons. Synergistic addition of DL-AP3 (10 μM) and SKF81297 (5 μM) reversed redistribution of GRK2 between membrane and cytosol in Fmr1 KO neurons. (C) Synergistic addition of DL-AP3 (10 μM) and SKF81297 (5 μM) reduced the increase of D1 receptor phosphorylation at serine sites to a level similar to WT neurons. n = 4 dishes. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared between Fmr1 WT and KO neurons; # p < 0.05 compared with KO control.
Figure Legend Snippet: Expression of GRK2 and D1 receptor phosphorylation. Expression levels of GRK2 were decreased in cytosol preparation (A) and increased in membrane preparation (B) from the cultures of Fmr1 KO mice as compared with KO neurons. Synergistic addition of DL-AP3 (10 μM) and SKF81297 (5 μM) reversed redistribution of GRK2 between membrane and cytosol in Fmr1 KO neurons. (C) Synergistic addition of DL-AP3 (10 μM) and SKF81297 (5 μM) reduced the increase of D1 receptor phosphorylation at serine sites to a level similar to WT neurons. n = 4 dishes. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared between Fmr1 WT and KO neurons; # p < 0.05 compared with KO control.

Techniques Used: Expressing

Expression of D1 receptor, mGluR5, and glutamate receptor subunits. (A) Representatives of western blot from the prefrontal cortex of Fmr1 WT and KO mice. (B) There were no differences in expressions of D1 receptor, mGluR5, NR2A, and NR2B between the WT and Fmr1 KO mice ACC. n = 4 mice per group. (C) Representatives of western blot to detect the level of phosphorylation of NR2B subunit at Tyr-1472 (p-NR2B-Tyr1472). (D) Level of p-NR2B-Tyr1472 was increased after treatment with SKF81297 (5 μM) alone or combining with DL-AP3 (10 μM) in neurons from Fmr1 WT and KO mice. n = 4 dishes. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared with control; # p < 0.05 compared between Fmr1 WT and KO mice.
Figure Legend Snippet: Expression of D1 receptor, mGluR5, and glutamate receptor subunits. (A) Representatives of western blot from the prefrontal cortex of Fmr1 WT and KO mice. (B) There were no differences in expressions of D1 receptor, mGluR5, NR2A, and NR2B between the WT and Fmr1 KO mice ACC. n = 4 mice per group. (C) Representatives of western blot to detect the level of phosphorylation of NR2B subunit at Tyr-1472 (p-NR2B-Tyr1472). (D) Level of p-NR2B-Tyr1472 was increased after treatment with SKF81297 (5 μM) alone or combining with DL-AP3 (10 μM) in neurons from Fmr1 WT and KO mice. n = 4 dishes. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared with control; # p < 0.05 compared between Fmr1 WT and KO mice.

Techniques Used: Expressing, Western Blot


Structured Review

Millipore mouse monoclonal anti d1r
A–D: primary striatal neurons were transfected or not (Control) with Cont siRNA, <t>D1R</t> siRNA and D2R siRNA. After 72 hours, mRNAs were extracted followed by RT-PCR (A and B) and protein expression levels detected by immunoblot (C and D). A: RT-PCR of D1R gene and, B: RT-PCR D2R. Note the presence of both D2R long and short isoforms. For A and B: ARP gene was used as an housekeeping gene. B and D: immunoblot using specific anti-D1R (C), and specific D2R (D) antibodies. β-tubulin was used for control loading.
Mouse Monoclonal Anti D1r, supplied by Millipore, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Images

1) Product Images from "Dopamine D2 Receptor Stimulation Potentiates PolyQ-Huntingtin-Induced Mouse Striatal Neuron Dysfunctions via Rho/ROCK-II Activation"

Article Title: Dopamine D2 Receptor Stimulation Potentiates PolyQ-Huntingtin-Induced Mouse Striatal Neuron Dysfunctions via Rho/ROCK-II Activation

Journal: PLoS ONE

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008287

A–D: primary striatal neurons were transfected or not (Control) with Cont siRNA, D1R siRNA and D2R siRNA. After 72 hours, mRNAs were extracted followed by RT-PCR (A and B) and protein expression levels detected by immunoblot (C and D). A: RT-PCR of D1R gene and, B: RT-PCR D2R. Note the presence of both D2R long and short isoforms. For A and B: ARP gene was used as an housekeeping gene. B and D: immunoblot using specific anti-D1R (C), and specific D2R (D) antibodies. β-tubulin was used for control loading.
Figure Legend Snippet: A–D: primary striatal neurons were transfected or not (Control) with Cont siRNA, D1R siRNA and D2R siRNA. After 72 hours, mRNAs were extracted followed by RT-PCR (A and B) and protein expression levels detected by immunoblot (C and D). A: RT-PCR of D1R gene and, B: RT-PCR D2R. Note the presence of both D2R long and short isoforms. For A and B: ARP gene was used as an housekeeping gene. B and D: immunoblot using specific anti-D1R (C), and specific D2R (D) antibodies. β-tubulin was used for control loading.

Techniques Used: Transfection, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Expressing, Western Blot

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  • 86
    Millipore d1 receptor expression
    ( A ) Representative 20X image for CNT (Left) and ELS (Right) BLA slice, outlined in white. DAPI: blue, <t>D1</t> <t>receptor</t> (D1R) immunoreactivity: green. ( B ) Summary plot shows mean BLA nuclei count in CNT (N = 5 animals, n = 6 slice per animal) and ELS (N = 4 animals, n = 6 slice per animal). ( C ) Summary plot shows mean optical density of BLA D1Rs for CNT and ELS animals. ( D ) Left: Representative images of coronal hindbrain slices for a CNT (Top) and ELS (Bottom) animal at 4X. Right: 20x images of outlined rectangles on 4X images with arrow-tips indicating tdT-TH+ colocalized neurons; VTA: white square; substantia nigra (SN): white rectangle. ( E ) Top: Grouped bar plot shows average number of BLA-projecting neurons (tdT+) from SN and VTA. Bottom: Grouped bar plot shows average number of TH+ neurons in SN and VTA. ( F ) Grouped bar plot shows percentage of tdT-TH+ colocalized neurons in SN and VTA. ** p < 0.01. Error bars represent SEM.
    D1 Receptor Expression, supplied by Millipore, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    86
    Millipore d1r
    Effects of global <t>D1r</t> or D2r ablation on differentiation and function of CD4 + T cells in CIA mice. A Protein expression of D1R and D2R in ankle joints and spleen of mice. The left panel indicates Western blotting bands and the right panel is densitometric data normalized to β-actin ( n = 5/group). B Flow cytometric assay of the CD4 + T cell subsets, CD4 + IFN-γ + (Th1) cells, CD4 + IL-4 + (Th2) cells, CD4 + IL-17 + (Th17) cells, and CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + (Treg) cells. Representative images of the flow cytometric assay are exhibited in the left panel and quantitative data showing percentages of the CD4 + T cell subsets in total CD4 + T cells are indicated in the right panel ( n = 5/group). C Protein expression of the specific transcription factors T-bet, GATA-3, ROR-γt and Foxp3 for Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells, respectively, in ankle joints. Representative Western blotting bands are exhibited in the left panel and densitometric data normalized to β-actin are indicated in the right panel ( n = 5/group). D-G Contents of the cytokines IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17A and TGF-β1 in ankle joints measured by ELISA. n = 6/group. ** P < 0.01, versus control or WT mice; # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, versus WT CIA mice
    D1r, supplied by Millipore, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    86
    Millipore anti d1 receptor
    Pain relief increased dopaminergic <t>D2</t> <t>receptor</t> expression in injured mice. D2 receptor expression in the CeA was significantly decreased in incised mice treated with PNB compared with incised mice treated with saline (n = 6; * p < 0.05 vs the incision+saline group; one-way ANOVA,Interaction::F (3, 20) = 6.274). The expression of <t>D1</t> receptor was not significantly changed. (b) In the CeA, D1 receptor was mainly expressed in glutamatergic excitatory neurons (positive for glutaminase). In the CeA, D2 receptor was predominantly expressed in GABAergic inhibitory neurons (positive for GABA). Scale bar, 50 μm.
    Anti D1 Receptor, supplied by Millipore, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    86
    Millipore antibodies against d1r
    Pain relief increased dopaminergic D2 receptor expression in injured mice. D2 receptor expression in the CeA was significantly decreased in incised mice treated with PNB compared with incised mice treated with saline (n = 6; * p < 0.05 vs the incision+saline group; one-way ANOVA,Interaction::F (3, 20) = 6.274). The expression of <t>D1</t> <t>receptor</t> was not significantly changed. (b) In the CeA, D1 receptor was mainly expressed in glutamatergic excitatory neurons (positive for glutaminase). In the CeA, D2 receptor was predominantly expressed in GABAergic inhibitory neurons (positive for GABA). Scale bar, 50 μm.
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    86
    Millipore rabbit antibody against d1r
    Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-fusion interfering peptide (Tat-D1Ri) on <t>D1R–GluN1</t> interactions. Notes: Tat-D1Ri, Tat-D1Rc, or saline were locally injected into the striatum of the normal adult rat at a rate of 0.2 µL/min. Rat striatal tissues were then used for coimmunoprecipitation experiments to validate the efficacy and selectivity of interfering peptide. The intrastriatal injection of Tat-D1Ri rather than Tat-D1Rc caused reduction of <t>D1R–GluN1</t> interactions, which demonstrated the effectiveness of Tat-D1Ri. Abbreviations: Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; Ig, Immunoglobulin; IP, immunoprecipitation; IB, immunoblot.
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    Millipore rabbit primary antibody against d1r
    Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-fusion interfering peptide (Tat-D1Ri) on <t>D1R–GluN1</t> interactions. Notes: Tat-D1Ri, Tat-D1Rc, or saline were locally injected into the striatum of the normal adult rat at a rate of 0.2 µL/min. Rat striatal tissues were then used for coimmunoprecipitation experiments to validate the efficacy and selectivity of interfering peptide. The intrastriatal injection of Tat-D1Ri rather than Tat-D1Rc caused reduction of <t>D1R–GluN1</t> interactions, which demonstrated the effectiveness of Tat-D1Ri. Abbreviations: Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; Ig, Immunoglobulin; IP, immunoprecipitation; IB, immunoblot.
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    Millipore d1 receptor
    Rescue of <t>D1-induced</t> LTP by DL-AP3 in the Fmr1 KO mice. (A) The pairing training produced a significant, long-lasting potentiation of synaptic responses in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 12 slices/5 mice), but not in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 9 slices/4 mice); (B) DL-AP3 (10 μM) did not alter the amplitude of LTP in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 9 slices/3 mice). DL-AP3 (10 μM) failed to induce LTP in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 11 slices/5 mice). (C) SKF81297 (5μM) facilitated LTP induction in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 8 slices/3 mice), but failed to induce LTP in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 11 slices/5 mice). (D) Bath application of SKF81297 (5 μM) and DL-AP3 (10 μM) induced LTP in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 10 slices/3 mice) (n = 10 slices/3 mice) and markedly rescued the LTP induction by SKF81297 in the Fmr1 KO mice (n = 12 slices/4 mice). (E) SCH23390 (10 μM) blocked the LTP by synergistic application of SKF81297 and DL-AP3 in the KO mice (n = 13 slices/4 mice). (F and G) SKF81297 (5 μM, 30 min) or DL-AP3 (10 μM, 30 min) had no effect on basal synaptic responses without pairing training (n = 8) in the Fmr1 WT and KO mice. (H) Summary of the effects of DL-AP3 or/and SKF81297 on the LTP induction. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared with WT; # p < 0.05 compared with control; && p < 0.01 compared with SKF81297 + DL-AP3 in WT mice; @ p < 0.05 compared with SKF81297 + DL-AP3 in KO mice.
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    86
    Millipore mouse monoclonal anti d1r
    A–D: primary striatal neurons were transfected or not (Control) with Cont siRNA, <t>D1R</t> siRNA and D2R siRNA. After 72 hours, mRNAs were extracted followed by RT-PCR (A and B) and protein expression levels detected by immunoblot (C and D). A: RT-PCR of D1R gene and, B: RT-PCR D2R. Note the presence of both D2R long and short isoforms. For A and B: ARP gene was used as an housekeeping gene. B and D: immunoblot using specific anti-D1R (C), and specific D2R (D) antibodies. β-tubulin was used for control loading.
    Mouse Monoclonal Anti D1r, supplied by Millipore, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Image Search Results


    ( A ) Representative 20X image for CNT (Left) and ELS (Right) BLA slice, outlined in white. DAPI: blue, D1 receptor (D1R) immunoreactivity: green. ( B ) Summary plot shows mean BLA nuclei count in CNT (N = 5 animals, n = 6 slice per animal) and ELS (N = 4 animals, n = 6 slice per animal). ( C ) Summary plot shows mean optical density of BLA D1Rs for CNT and ELS animals. ( D ) Left: Representative images of coronal hindbrain slices for a CNT (Top) and ELS (Bottom) animal at 4X. Right: 20x images of outlined rectangles on 4X images with arrow-tips indicating tdT-TH+ colocalized neurons; VTA: white square; substantia nigra (SN): white rectangle. ( E ) Top: Grouped bar plot shows average number of BLA-projecting neurons (tdT+) from SN and VTA. Bottom: Grouped bar plot shows average number of TH+ neurons in SN and VTA. ( F ) Grouped bar plot shows percentage of tdT-TH+ colocalized neurons in SN and VTA. ** p < 0.01. Error bars represent SEM.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Early life stress impairs VTA coordination of BLA network and behavioral states

    doi: 10.1101/2023.09.16.558081

    Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Representative 20X image for CNT (Left) and ELS (Right) BLA slice, outlined in white. DAPI: blue, D1 receptor (D1R) immunoreactivity: green. ( B ) Summary plot shows mean BLA nuclei count in CNT (N = 5 animals, n = 6 slice per animal) and ELS (N = 4 animals, n = 6 slice per animal). ( C ) Summary plot shows mean optical density of BLA D1Rs for CNT and ELS animals. ( D ) Left: Representative images of coronal hindbrain slices for a CNT (Top) and ELS (Bottom) animal at 4X. Right: 20x images of outlined rectangles on 4X images with arrow-tips indicating tdT-TH+ colocalized neurons; VTA: white square; substantia nigra (SN): white rectangle. ( E ) Top: Grouped bar plot shows average number of BLA-projecting neurons (tdT+) from SN and VTA. Bottom: Grouped bar plot shows average number of TH+ neurons in SN and VTA. ( F ) Grouped bar plot shows percentage of tdT-TH+ colocalized neurons in SN and VTA. ** p < 0.01. Error bars represent SEM.

    Article Snippet: D1-receptor expression : Primary; chicken anti-DA receptor D1a (1:600; Millipore MAB5290) TH expression: Primary; chicken anti-TH primary antibody (1:1000; Abcam, AB76442) A wide-field epifluorescence microscope (Keyence BZ-X700) was used to acquire images of mounted sections.

    Techniques:

    Effects of global D1r or D2r ablation on differentiation and function of CD4 + T cells in CIA mice. A Protein expression of D1R and D2R in ankle joints and spleen of mice. The left panel indicates Western blotting bands and the right panel is densitometric data normalized to β-actin ( n = 5/group). B Flow cytometric assay of the CD4 + T cell subsets, CD4 + IFN-γ + (Th1) cells, CD4 + IL-4 + (Th2) cells, CD4 + IL-17 + (Th17) cells, and CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + (Treg) cells. Representative images of the flow cytometric assay are exhibited in the left panel and quantitative data showing percentages of the CD4 + T cell subsets in total CD4 + T cells are indicated in the right panel ( n = 5/group). C Protein expression of the specific transcription factors T-bet, GATA-3, ROR-γt and Foxp3 for Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells, respectively, in ankle joints. Representative Western blotting bands are exhibited in the left panel and densitometric data normalized to β-actin are indicated in the right panel ( n = 5/group). D-G Contents of the cytokines IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17A and TGF-β1 in ankle joints measured by ELISA. n = 6/group. ** P < 0.01, versus control or WT mice; # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, versus WT CIA mice

    Journal: Arthritis Research & Therapy

    Article Title: Dopamine D2 receptor on CD4 + T cells is protective against inflammatory responses and signs in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis

    doi: 10.1186/s13075-023-03071-1

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of global D1r or D2r ablation on differentiation and function of CD4 + T cells in CIA mice. A Protein expression of D1R and D2R in ankle joints and spleen of mice. The left panel indicates Western blotting bands and the right panel is densitometric data normalized to β-actin ( n = 5/group). B Flow cytometric assay of the CD4 + T cell subsets, CD4 + IFN-γ + (Th1) cells, CD4 + IL-4 + (Th2) cells, CD4 + IL-17 + (Th17) cells, and CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + (Treg) cells. Representative images of the flow cytometric assay are exhibited in the left panel and quantitative data showing percentages of the CD4 + T cell subsets in total CD4 + T cells are indicated in the right panel ( n = 5/group). C Protein expression of the specific transcription factors T-bet, GATA-3, ROR-γt and Foxp3 for Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells, respectively, in ankle joints. Representative Western blotting bands are exhibited in the left panel and densitometric data normalized to β-actin are indicated in the right panel ( n = 5/group). D-G Contents of the cytokines IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17A and TGF-β1 in ankle joints measured by ELISA. n = 6/group. ** P < 0.01, versus control or WT mice; # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, versus WT CIA mice

    Article Snippet: The membranes were blocked with 5% skim milk and separately incubated with the primary rabbit antibodies specific for D1R (1:200; Millipore, USA), D2R (1:200; Millipore, USA), T-bet (1:200; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA), GATA-3 (1:200; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA), ROR-γt (1:200; Invitrogen, USA), or Foxp3 (1:200; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA), or with the primary mouse antibody specific for β-actin (1:5000; Sigma-Aldrich, USA) overnight at 4 °C.

    Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Flow Cytometry, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    Pain relief increased dopaminergic D2 receptor expression in injured mice. D2 receptor expression in the CeA was significantly decreased in incised mice treated with PNB compared with incised mice treated with saline (n = 6; * p < 0.05 vs the incision+saline group; one-way ANOVA,Interaction::F (3, 20) = 6.274). The expression of D1 receptor was not significantly changed. (b) In the CeA, D1 receptor was mainly expressed in glutamatergic excitatory neurons (positive for glutaminase). In the CeA, D2 receptor was predominantly expressed in GABAergic inhibitory neurons (positive for GABA). Scale bar, 50 μm.

    Journal: Molecular Pain

    Article Title: Dopamine receptor D2, but not D1, mediates the reward circuit from the ventral tegmental area to the central amygdala, which is involved in pain relief

    doi: 10.1177/17448069221145096

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Pain relief increased dopaminergic D2 receptor expression in injured mice. D2 receptor expression in the CeA was significantly decreased in incised mice treated with PNB compared with incised mice treated with saline (n = 6; * p < 0.05 vs the incision+saline group; one-way ANOVA,Interaction::F (3, 20) = 6.274). The expression of D1 receptor was not significantly changed. (b) In the CeA, D1 receptor was mainly expressed in glutamatergic excitatory neurons (positive for glutaminase). In the CeA, D2 receptor was predominantly expressed in GABAergic inhibitory neurons (positive for GABA). Scale bar, 50 μm.

    Article Snippet: Anti-D1 receptor , 1:200 , Millipore , MAB5290.

    Techniques: Expressing

    Journal: Molecular Pain

    Article Title: Dopamine receptor D2, but not D1, mediates the reward circuit from the ventral tegmental area to the central amygdala, which is involved in pain relief

    doi: 10.1177/17448069221145096

    Figure Lengend Snippet:

    Article Snippet: Anti-D1 receptor , 1:200 , Millipore , MAB5290.

    Techniques:

    Pain relief increased dopaminergic D2 receptor expression in injured mice. D2 receptor expression in the CeA was significantly decreased in incised mice treated with PNB compared with incised mice treated with saline (n = 6; * p < 0.05 vs the incision+saline group; one-way ANOVA,Interaction::F (3, 20) = 6.274). The expression of D1 receptor was not significantly changed. (b) In the CeA, D1 receptor was mainly expressed in glutamatergic excitatory neurons (positive for glutaminase). In the CeA, D2 receptor was predominantly expressed in GABAergic inhibitory neurons (positive for GABA). Scale bar, 50 μm.

    Journal: Molecular Pain

    Article Title: Dopamine receptor D2, but not D1, mediates the reward circuit from the ventral tegmental area to the central amygdala, which is involved in pain relief

    doi: 10.1177/17448069221145096

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Pain relief increased dopaminergic D2 receptor expression in injured mice. D2 receptor expression in the CeA was significantly decreased in incised mice treated with PNB compared with incised mice treated with saline (n = 6; * p < 0.05 vs the incision+saline group; one-way ANOVA,Interaction::F (3, 20) = 6.274). The expression of D1 receptor was not significantly changed. (b) In the CeA, D1 receptor was mainly expressed in glutamatergic excitatory neurons (positive for glutaminase). In the CeA, D2 receptor was predominantly expressed in GABAergic inhibitory neurons (positive for GABA). Scale bar, 50 μm.

    Article Snippet: After being blocked with 3% bovine serum albumin (BSA) (Solarbio, Beijing, China) and incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies against D1R (1:1000; catalog No. MAB5290, Millipore), D2R (1:1000 catalog No. AB5084P, Millipore), and GAPDH (catalog No. RM2002 L, Beijing Ray), the membranes were washed six times for 10 min each in Tris-buffered saline and 1% Tween.

    Techniques: Expressing

    Journal: Molecular Pain

    Article Title: Dopamine receptor D2, but not D1, mediates the reward circuit from the ventral tegmental area to the central amygdala, which is involved in pain relief

    doi: 10.1177/17448069221145096

    Figure Lengend Snippet:

    Article Snippet: After being blocked with 3% bovine serum albumin (BSA) (Solarbio, Beijing, China) and incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies against D1R (1:1000; catalog No. MAB5290, Millipore), D2R (1:1000 catalog No. AB5084P, Millipore), and GAPDH (catalog No. RM2002 L, Beijing Ray), the membranes were washed six times for 10 min each in Tris-buffered saline and 1% Tween.

    Techniques:

    Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-fusion interfering peptide (Tat-D1Ri) on D1R–GluN1 interactions. Notes: Tat-D1Ri, Tat-D1Rc, or saline were locally injected into the striatum of the normal adult rat at a rate of 0.2 µL/min. Rat striatal tissues were then used for coimmunoprecipitation experiments to validate the efficacy and selectivity of interfering peptide. The intrastriatal injection of Tat-D1Ri rather than Tat-D1Rc caused reduction of D1R–GluN1 interactions, which demonstrated the effectiveness of Tat-D1Ri. Abbreviations: Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; Ig, Immunoglobulin; IP, immunoprecipitation; IB, immunoblot.

    Journal: Drug Design, Development and Therapy

    Article Title: Targeting the D1-N-methyl- d -aspartate receptor complex reduces l -dopa-induced dyskinesia in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned Parkinson’s rats

    doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S93487

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-fusion interfering peptide (Tat-D1Ri) on D1R–GluN1 interactions. Notes: Tat-D1Ri, Tat-D1Rc, or saline were locally injected into the striatum of the normal adult rat at a rate of 0.2 µL/min. Rat striatal tissues were then used for coimmunoprecipitation experiments to validate the efficacy and selectivity of interfering peptide. The intrastriatal injection of Tat-D1Ri rather than Tat-D1Rc caused reduction of D1R–GluN1 interactions, which demonstrated the effectiveness of Tat-D1Ri. Abbreviations: Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; Ig, Immunoglobulin; IP, immunoprecipitation; IB, immunoblot.

    Article Snippet: Samples were incubated with a rabbit antibody against D1R (EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) or a mouse antibody against GluN1 (Millipore) overnight at 4°C.

    Techniques: Injection, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot

    Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Ri on membrane D1R subunit expression. Notes: Protein levels were evaluated by Western blotting of proteins extracted from the lesioned striatum of the rat brains. They were assessed in extracts from 6-OHDA-lesioned rats treated with pulsatile l -dopa plus intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Rc or Tat-D1Ri. ( A ) Representative Western blot analysis of D1R in the membrane fraction; ( B ) densitometric analysis of two blots with specific protein signals normalized to the corresponding GAPDH levels. Data are expressed as means ± SEM. Statistical analysis was conducted by independent-samples t -test. * P =0.05 versus LID + Tat-D1Rc. Abbreviations: 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; l -dopa, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine; LID, l -dopa-induced dyskinesia; SEM, standard error of mean; Tat-D1Ri, Tat-fusion interfering peptide; Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.

    Journal: Drug Design, Development and Therapy

    Article Title: Targeting the D1-N-methyl- d -aspartate receptor complex reduces l -dopa-induced dyskinesia in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned Parkinson’s rats

    doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S93487

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Ri on membrane D1R subunit expression. Notes: Protein levels were evaluated by Western blotting of proteins extracted from the lesioned striatum of the rat brains. They were assessed in extracts from 6-OHDA-lesioned rats treated with pulsatile l -dopa plus intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Rc or Tat-D1Ri. ( A ) Representative Western blot analysis of D1R in the membrane fraction; ( B ) densitometric analysis of two blots with specific protein signals normalized to the corresponding GAPDH levels. Data are expressed as means ± SEM. Statistical analysis was conducted by independent-samples t -test. * P =0.05 versus LID + Tat-D1Rc. Abbreviations: 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; l -dopa, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine; LID, l -dopa-induced dyskinesia; SEM, standard error of mean; Tat-D1Ri, Tat-fusion interfering peptide; Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.

    Article Snippet: Samples were incubated with a rabbit antibody against D1R (EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) or a mouse antibody against GluN1 (Millipore) overnight at 4°C.

    Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot

    Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-fusion interfering peptide (Tat-D1Ri) on D1R–GluN1 interactions. Notes: Tat-D1Ri, Tat-D1Rc, or saline were locally injected into the striatum of the normal adult rat at a rate of 0.2 µL/min. Rat striatal tissues were then used for coimmunoprecipitation experiments to validate the efficacy and selectivity of interfering peptide. The intrastriatal injection of Tat-D1Ri rather than Tat-D1Rc caused reduction of D1R–GluN1 interactions, which demonstrated the effectiveness of Tat-D1Ri. Abbreviations: Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; Ig, Immunoglobulin; IP, immunoprecipitation; IB, immunoblot.

    Journal: Drug Design, Development and Therapy

    Article Title: Targeting the D1-N-methyl- d -aspartate receptor complex reduces l -dopa-induced dyskinesia in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned Parkinson’s rats

    doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S93487

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-fusion interfering peptide (Tat-D1Ri) on D1R–GluN1 interactions. Notes: Tat-D1Ri, Tat-D1Rc, or saline were locally injected into the striatum of the normal adult rat at a rate of 0.2 µL/min. Rat striatal tissues were then used for coimmunoprecipitation experiments to validate the efficacy and selectivity of interfering peptide. The intrastriatal injection of Tat-D1Ri rather than Tat-D1Rc caused reduction of D1R–GluN1 interactions, which demonstrated the effectiveness of Tat-D1Ri. Abbreviations: Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; Ig, Immunoglobulin; IP, immunoprecipitation; IB, immunoblot.

    Article Snippet: Membranes were blocked in 5% nonfat milk for 1 hour at room temperature and incubated with a rabbit primary antibody against D1R (Millipore) or a mouse primary antibody against GluN1 (Millipore) overnight at 4°C.

    Techniques: Injection, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot

    Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Ri on membrane D1R subunit expression. Notes: Protein levels were evaluated by Western blotting of proteins extracted from the lesioned striatum of the rat brains. They were assessed in extracts from 6-OHDA-lesioned rats treated with pulsatile l -dopa plus intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Rc or Tat-D1Ri. ( A ) Representative Western blot analysis of D1R in the membrane fraction; ( B ) densitometric analysis of two blots with specific protein signals normalized to the corresponding GAPDH levels. Data are expressed as means ± SEM. Statistical analysis was conducted by independent-samples t -test. * P =0.05 versus LID + Tat-D1Rc. Abbreviations: 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; l -dopa, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine; LID, l -dopa-induced dyskinesia; SEM, standard error of mean; Tat-D1Ri, Tat-fusion interfering peptide; Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.

    Journal: Drug Design, Development and Therapy

    Article Title: Targeting the D1-N-methyl- d -aspartate receptor complex reduces l -dopa-induced dyskinesia in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned Parkinson’s rats

    doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S93487

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Ri on membrane D1R subunit expression. Notes: Protein levels were evaluated by Western blotting of proteins extracted from the lesioned striatum of the rat brains. They were assessed in extracts from 6-OHDA-lesioned rats treated with pulsatile l -dopa plus intrastriatal administration of Tat-D1Rc or Tat-D1Ri. ( A ) Representative Western blot analysis of D1R in the membrane fraction; ( B ) densitometric analysis of two blots with specific protein signals normalized to the corresponding GAPDH levels. Data are expressed as means ± SEM. Statistical analysis was conducted by independent-samples t -test. * P =0.05 versus LID + Tat-D1Rc. Abbreviations: 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; l -dopa, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine; LID, l -dopa-induced dyskinesia; SEM, standard error of mean; Tat-D1Ri, Tat-fusion interfering peptide; Tat-D1Rc, Tat-fusion control peptide; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.

    Article Snippet: Membranes were blocked in 5% nonfat milk for 1 hour at room temperature and incubated with a rabbit primary antibody against D1R (Millipore) or a mouse primary antibody against GluN1 (Millipore) overnight at 4°C.

    Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot

    Rescue of D1-induced LTP by DL-AP3 in the Fmr1 KO mice. (A) The pairing training produced a significant, long-lasting potentiation of synaptic responses in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 12 slices/5 mice), but not in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 9 slices/4 mice); (B) DL-AP3 (10 μM) did not alter the amplitude of LTP in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 9 slices/3 mice). DL-AP3 (10 μM) failed to induce LTP in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 11 slices/5 mice). (C) SKF81297 (5μM) facilitated LTP induction in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 8 slices/3 mice), but failed to induce LTP in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 11 slices/5 mice). (D) Bath application of SKF81297 (5 μM) and DL-AP3 (10 μM) induced LTP in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 10 slices/3 mice) (n = 10 slices/3 mice) and markedly rescued the LTP induction by SKF81297 in the Fmr1 KO mice (n = 12 slices/4 mice). (E) SCH23390 (10 μM) blocked the LTP by synergistic application of SKF81297 and DL-AP3 in the KO mice (n = 13 slices/4 mice). (F and G) SKF81297 (5 μM, 30 min) or DL-AP3 (10 μM, 30 min) had no effect on basal synaptic responses without pairing training (n = 8) in the Fmr1 WT and KO mice. (H) Summary of the effects of DL-AP3 or/and SKF81297 on the LTP induction. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared with WT; # p < 0.05 compared with control; && p < 0.01 compared with SKF81297 + DL-AP3 in WT mice; @ p < 0.05 compared with SKF81297 + DL-AP3 in KO mice.

    Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration

    Article Title: Group I mGluR antagonist rescues the deficit of D1-induced LTP in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome

    doi: 10.1186/1750-1326-7-24

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Rescue of D1-induced LTP by DL-AP3 in the Fmr1 KO mice. (A) The pairing training produced a significant, long-lasting potentiation of synaptic responses in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 12 slices/5 mice), but not in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 9 slices/4 mice); (B) DL-AP3 (10 μM) did not alter the amplitude of LTP in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 9 slices/3 mice). DL-AP3 (10 μM) failed to induce LTP in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 11 slices/5 mice). (C) SKF81297 (5μM) facilitated LTP induction in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 8 slices/3 mice), but failed to induce LTP in Fmr1 KO mice (n = 11 slices/5 mice). (D) Bath application of SKF81297 (5 μM) and DL-AP3 (10 μM) induced LTP in Fmr1 WT mice (n = 10 slices/3 mice) (n = 10 slices/3 mice) and markedly rescued the LTP induction by SKF81297 in the Fmr1 KO mice (n = 12 slices/4 mice). (E) SCH23390 (10 μM) blocked the LTP by synergistic application of SKF81297 and DL-AP3 in the KO mice (n = 13 slices/4 mice). (F and G) SKF81297 (5 μM, 30 min) or DL-AP3 (10 μM, 30 min) had no effect on basal synaptic responses without pairing training (n = 8) in the Fmr1 WT and KO mice. (H) Summary of the effects of DL-AP3 or/and SKF81297 on the LTP induction. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared with WT; # p < 0.05 compared with control; && p < 0.01 compared with SKF81297 + DL-AP3 in WT mice; @ p < 0.05 compared with SKF81297 + DL-AP3 in KO mice.

    Article Snippet: Equal amounts of protein (50 μg) from the cultures were separated and electrotransferred onto PDVF membranes (Invitrogen), which were probed with antibodies for mGluR5 (1:500, Abcam, Cambridge, MA), GluR1 (1:300, Abcam), NR2A (1:200, Millipore), NR2B (1:1000, Millipore), p-NR2B Tyr1472 (1:1000, Cell signaling), GRK2 (1:1000, Santa Cruz), D1 receptor (1:1000, Millipore), FMRP (1:1000, Millipore), anti-phosphoserine of D1 receptor (1:2500, BD Biosciences), with β-actin (1:10000, Sigma) or cadherin (1:2000, Sigma) as loading control.

    Techniques: Produced

    Expression of GRK2 and D1 receptor phosphorylation. Expression levels of GRK2 were decreased in cytosol preparation (A) and increased in membrane preparation (B) from the cultures of Fmr1 KO mice as compared with KO neurons. Synergistic addition of DL-AP3 (10 μM) and SKF81297 (5 μM) reversed redistribution of GRK2 between membrane and cytosol in Fmr1 KO neurons. (C) Synergistic addition of DL-AP3 (10 μM) and SKF81297 (5 μM) reduced the increase of D1 receptor phosphorylation at serine sites to a level similar to WT neurons. n = 4 dishes. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared between Fmr1 WT and KO neurons; # p < 0.05 compared with KO control.

    Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration

    Article Title: Group I mGluR antagonist rescues the deficit of D1-induced LTP in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome

    doi: 10.1186/1750-1326-7-24

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of GRK2 and D1 receptor phosphorylation. Expression levels of GRK2 were decreased in cytosol preparation (A) and increased in membrane preparation (B) from the cultures of Fmr1 KO mice as compared with KO neurons. Synergistic addition of DL-AP3 (10 μM) and SKF81297 (5 μM) reversed redistribution of GRK2 between membrane and cytosol in Fmr1 KO neurons. (C) Synergistic addition of DL-AP3 (10 μM) and SKF81297 (5 μM) reduced the increase of D1 receptor phosphorylation at serine sites to a level similar to WT neurons. n = 4 dishes. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared between Fmr1 WT and KO neurons; # p < 0.05 compared with KO control.

    Article Snippet: Equal amounts of protein (50 μg) from the cultures were separated and electrotransferred onto PDVF membranes (Invitrogen), which were probed with antibodies for mGluR5 (1:500, Abcam, Cambridge, MA), GluR1 (1:300, Abcam), NR2A (1:200, Millipore), NR2B (1:1000, Millipore), p-NR2B Tyr1472 (1:1000, Cell signaling), GRK2 (1:1000, Santa Cruz), D1 receptor (1:1000, Millipore), FMRP (1:1000, Millipore), anti-phosphoserine of D1 receptor (1:2500, BD Biosciences), with β-actin (1:10000, Sigma) or cadherin (1:2000, Sigma) as loading control.

    Techniques: Expressing

    Expression of D1 receptor, mGluR5, and glutamate receptor subunits. (A) Representatives of western blot from the prefrontal cortex of Fmr1 WT and KO mice. (B) There were no differences in expressions of D1 receptor, mGluR5, NR2A, and NR2B between the WT and Fmr1 KO mice ACC. n = 4 mice per group. (C) Representatives of western blot to detect the level of phosphorylation of NR2B subunit at Tyr-1472 (p-NR2B-Tyr1472). (D) Level of p-NR2B-Tyr1472 was increased after treatment with SKF81297 (5 μM) alone or combining with DL-AP3 (10 μM) in neurons from Fmr1 WT and KO mice. n = 4 dishes. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared with control; # p < 0.05 compared between Fmr1 WT and KO mice.

    Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration

    Article Title: Group I mGluR antagonist rescues the deficit of D1-induced LTP in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome

    doi: 10.1186/1750-1326-7-24

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of D1 receptor, mGluR5, and glutamate receptor subunits. (A) Representatives of western blot from the prefrontal cortex of Fmr1 WT and KO mice. (B) There were no differences in expressions of D1 receptor, mGluR5, NR2A, and NR2B between the WT and Fmr1 KO mice ACC. n = 4 mice per group. (C) Representatives of western blot to detect the level of phosphorylation of NR2B subunit at Tyr-1472 (p-NR2B-Tyr1472). (D) Level of p-NR2B-Tyr1472 was increased after treatment with SKF81297 (5 μM) alone or combining with DL-AP3 (10 μM) in neurons from Fmr1 WT and KO mice. n = 4 dishes. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared with control; # p < 0.05 compared between Fmr1 WT and KO mice.

    Article Snippet: Equal amounts of protein (50 μg) from the cultures were separated and electrotransferred onto PDVF membranes (Invitrogen), which were probed with antibodies for mGluR5 (1:500, Abcam, Cambridge, MA), GluR1 (1:300, Abcam), NR2A (1:200, Millipore), NR2B (1:1000, Millipore), p-NR2B Tyr1472 (1:1000, Cell signaling), GRK2 (1:1000, Santa Cruz), D1 receptor (1:1000, Millipore), FMRP (1:1000, Millipore), anti-phosphoserine of D1 receptor (1:2500, BD Biosciences), with β-actin (1:10000, Sigma) or cadherin (1:2000, Sigma) as loading control.

    Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot

    A–D: primary striatal neurons were transfected or not (Control) with Cont siRNA, D1R siRNA and D2R siRNA. After 72 hours, mRNAs were extracted followed by RT-PCR (A and B) and protein expression levels detected by immunoblot (C and D). A: RT-PCR of D1R gene and, B: RT-PCR D2R. Note the presence of both D2R long and short isoforms. For A and B: ARP gene was used as an housekeeping gene. B and D: immunoblot using specific anti-D1R (C), and specific D2R (D) antibodies. β-tubulin was used for control loading.

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    Article Title: Dopamine D2 Receptor Stimulation Potentiates PolyQ-Huntingtin-Induced Mouse Striatal Neuron Dysfunctions via Rho/ROCK-II Activation

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008287

    Figure Lengend Snippet: A–D: primary striatal neurons were transfected or not (Control) with Cont siRNA, D1R siRNA and D2R siRNA. After 72 hours, mRNAs were extracted followed by RT-PCR (A and B) and protein expression levels detected by immunoblot (C and D). A: RT-PCR of D1R gene and, B: RT-PCR D2R. Note the presence of both D2R long and short isoforms. For A and B: ARP gene was used as an housekeeping gene. B and D: immunoblot using specific anti-D1R (C), and specific D2R (D) antibodies. β-tubulin was used for control loading.

    Article Snippet: After blocking in 5% nonfat dry milk (for ROCK-I and ROCK-II) or 5% BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin, SIGMA) (for D1R and D2R immunobloting) in TBS for 1 h at room temperature, membranes were incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies, rabbit polyclonal anti-ROCK-I anti-ROCK-II (1/500, Santa Cruz), mouse monoclonal anti-D1R (1/250, Millipore), rabbit polyclonal anti-D2R (1/1000, Millipore) and mouse monoclonal anti-β-tubulin (1/5000,Sigma), and revealed with appropriate anti-rabbit or anti-mouse peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies (1/5000, Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories) and the enhanced chemiluminescent (ECL) detection system (Pierce).

    Techniques: Transfection, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Expressing, Western Blot