Journal: Advanced Science

Article Title: Retinoic Acid Reprograms Mast Cells Toward a Proinflammatory State to Enhance Antitumor Immunity

doi: 10.1002/advs.202509340

Figure Lengend Snippet: RA–RARα signaling induces CIITA‐dependent antigen‐presenting programming in mast cells. A) Flow cytometry analysis showing HLA‐DR expression after IFN‐γ +TTNPB and IFN‐γ +Bexarotene treatment for 48 h ( n = 3). B) Flow cytometry analysis showing CD40 expression after IFN‐γ +TTNPB and IFN‐γ +Bexarotene treatment for 48 h ( n = 3). C) Flow cytometry analysis showing HLA‐DR expression after IFN‐γ +AM580, IFN‐γ +Adapalene, and IFN‐γ +Palovarotene treatment for 48 h ( n = 3). D) Flow cytometry analysis showing CD40 expression after IFN‐γ +AM580, IFN‐γ +Adapalene, and IFN‐γ +Palovarotene treatment for 48 h ( n = 3). E) Flow cytometry analysis showing HLA‐DR expression after IFN‐γ +RA, IFN‐γ + RA+ Ro 41‐5253 treatment for 48 h ( n = 3). F) Flow cytometry analysis showing CD40 expression after IFN‐γ +RA, IFN‐γ + RA+ Ro 41‐5253 treatment for 48 h ( n = 3). G) Flow cytometry analysis showing CMV antigen presentation by mast cells to CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells under different treatments, with T cell activation assessed by 4‐1BB and TNF‐α expression. H) Volcano plot showing significantly differentially expressed genes between the IFN‐γ + RA treatment group and the IFN‐γ treatment alone group. I) The mRNA expression of CIITA after IFN‐γ, RA, IFN‐γ +RA, IFN‐γ + RA+ Ro 41‐5253 treatment for 48 h ( n = 3).

Article Snippet: The cells were then treated with 100 U mL −1 IFN‐γ (Propretech, #300‐02) (IFN‐γ group) or 100 U mL −1 IFN‐γ plus 50 nM RA (MeilunBio, #MB1302) (IFN‐γ + RA group) for 48 or 72 h. TTNPB (#HY‐15682), Bexarotene (#HY‐14171), AM580 (#HY‐10475), Adapalene (#HY‐B0091), Palovarotene (#HY‐14799), Ro 41‐5253 (#HY‐116248) were purchased from MCE.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Expressing, Immunopeptidomics, Activation Assay

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Efficient derivation of hiPSC-derived photoreceptor precursor cells and their neuroprotective effects in retinal degeneration

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.114196

Figure Lengend Snippet: Differentiation and characterization of hiPSCs into PPCs (A) Schematic representation of the three-stage chemically defined differentiation protocol for generating PPCs from hiPSCs. Stage 1 (day 0 to day 10): HiPSCs induction using Neural Induction Medium to generate NSCs. Stage 2 (day 10 to day 17): RPC specification via Neural Differentiation Medium. Stage 3 (day 17 to day 24): terminal differentiation into PPCs using Neural Differentiation Medium supplemented with AM580. (B) Flow cytometry analysis of PPCs derived from hiPSCs. Unstained cells served as the negative control. (C) CRX expression in PPCs, as determined by flow cytometry. (D) LHX4 expression in PPCs, as determined by flow cytometry. (E) Expression levels (transcripts per million, TPM) of photoreceptor markers (GNB1, PDE6B, and GNB3) and RGC markers (POU4F2 and SHH) in undifferentiated iPSCs versus PPC-derived populations harvested at day 54 of differentiation ( n = 3). Photoreceptor markers show robust induction in PPCs, while RGC markers remain undetectable. Data confirm progression toward advanced photoreceptor maturation, aligning with late retinogenesis trajectories. Data are presented as mean ± SEM.

Article Snippet: Subsequent photoreceptor commitment was performed using NouvNeu Neural Differentiation Medium supplemented with 0.5 μM AM580 (Selleck Chemicals LLC, USA) from Day 17 to Day 24.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Derivative Assay, Negative Control, Expressing