ω agatoxin via (Alomone Labs)


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ω Agatoxin Via, supplied by Alomone Labs, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 92/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/ω agatoxin via/product/Alomone Labs
Average 92 stars, based on 1 article reviews
Price from $9.99 to $1999.99
Images
1) Product Images from "Peripheral nerve injury increases contribution of L-type calcium channels to synaptic transmission in spinal lamina II: Role of α2δ–1 subunits"
Article Title: Peripheral nerve injury increases contribution of L-type calcium channels to synaptic transmission in spinal lamina II: Role of α2δ–1 subunits
Journal: Molecular Pain
doi: 10.1177/1744806918765806

Figure Legend Snippet: Gabapentin inhibits a dihydropyridine-sensitive inward current in undifferentiated PC12 cells. a. Current-voltage relation of barium currents were examined in the presence of 1 mM ω-Conotoxin GVIA and 200nM ω-Agatoxin VIA to eliminate the contribution of native non-L-type channels. Currents were elicited by voltage ramps from −100 to +100mV at 1mV/ms, and cells were exposed to 100nM of the agonist (S)-(-)-BayK 8644 prior to the application of 100 µM GBP. b. The bar graph shows the average of peak amplitude values ( n = 5) obtained in cells perfused with external recording solution (Ba 2+ 20mM), compared to that obtained after the consecutive addition of peptide toxins, BayK 8644 and GBP. Data are plotted as Mean ± S.E.M. The asterisk indicates the change in current amplitude after perfusion with GBP is statistically significant at p
Techniques Used: Mass Spectrometry
2) Product Images from "Differential Effects of CB1 and Opioid Agonists on Two Populations of Adult Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons"
Article Title: Differential Effects of CB1 and Opioid Agonists on Two Populations of Adult Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons
Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4298-03.2004

Figure Legend Snippet: Modulation of the inhibitory effects of CP 55,940 ( A ) and morphine ( B ) by blockers of voltage-dependent Ca 2+ channels: nimodipine (NIM), ω-conotoxin (ω-CTX), and ω-agatoxin (ω-ATX). The relative response was defined as the amplitude of the response to KCl at 10 min ( A ) or 5 min ( B ) after superfusion with an agonist plus a VDCC blocker, divided by the amplitude of the response to the first application (absence of drug) and multiplied by 100. The mean somal area of small neurons tested was 505 μm 2 (range, 298-764 μm 2 ) and was 1062 μm 2 (range, 856-1275 μm 2 ) for intermediate-size neurons. Values are the means ± SEM for the treatment group; the number in each bar is the number of neurons tested. * p
Techniques Used:
3) Product Images from "N- and L-type calcium channel involvement in depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition in rat hippocampal CA1 cells"
Article Title: N- and L-type calcium channel involvement in depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition in rat hippocampal CA1 cells
Journal: The Journal of Physiology
doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.061bf.x

Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of Ca 2+ channel blockers on I Ca A , voltage steps to −10 or 0 mV for 500 ms elicited inward currents that were Cd 2+ or leak subtracted. Cd 2+ was applied at the end of the experiments, and occasionally the cell was lost prior to its application. In these cells leak subtraction only was possible. The peak current in control conditions and after drug administration for the cell was measured. Calibration values in top left panel apply to all other panels in A . B , the averaged data for each channel blocker are displayed in the histogram as a percentage of the control Ca 2+ current. NiCl 2 , 93.2 ± 3.3 %, n = 6; ω-conotoxin GVIA, 76.2 ± 8.0 %, n = 7; ω-agatoxin TK, 73.3 ± 8.0 %, n = 5; nifedipine, 58.9 ± 13.4 %, n = 7.
Techniques Used: Mass Spectrometry
4) Product Images from "Differential inhibition of N and P/Q Ca2+ currents by 5-HT1A and 5-HT1D receptors in spinal neurons of Xenopus larvae"
Article Title: Differential inhibition of N and P/Q Ca2+ currents by 5-HT1A and 5-HT1D receptors in spinal neurons of Xenopus larvae
Journal: The Journal of Physiology
doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.103bz.x

Figure Legend Snippet: Summary of the effects of ω-CgTx and agatoxin on inhibition of HVA currents by 5-HT The 5-HT-sensitive current was divided into two components: a voltage-dependent component, which was relieved by a conditioning prepulse, and a voltage-independent component, which was unaffected. A, agatoxin reduced the 5-HT-sensitive current, predominantly through the reduction of the voltage-independent component ( P
Techniques Used: Inhibition

Figure Legend Snippet: Inhibition of HVA currents by 5-HT was totally occluded by agatoxin and ω-CgTx applied together A, HVA currents elicited by steps to +20 mV in control ( a ), 100 n M agatoxin ( d ) and 1 μM ω-CgTx ( g ). 5-HT (1 μM) caused different amounts of inhibition in the presence of control ( b ), agatoxin ( e ), and agatoxin + ω-CgTx ( h ); B, time series measurements from the same neuron. In control the inhibition was partially relieved by a prepulse to +120 mV (arrow; ○ shows steady-state inhibition). After agatoxin was applied, the amount of voltage-dependent inhibition relieved by the prepulse (arrows) remained almost unchanged, but the voltage-independent inhibition (difference between ○ and • at f ) was reduced. In the presence of both toxins, 5-HT had very little effect on the currents.
Techniques Used: Inhibition

Figure Legend Snippet: Composition of the HVA currents in Xenopus spinal neurons Aa, HVA Ca 2+ current elicited by a test pulse to +20 mV from a holding potential of −50 mV in control, agatoxin (200 nM), ω-CgTx (1 μM) and nifedipine (10 μM). b, time course of block measured at the points indicated in a. B, summary showing that agatoxin blocked 21.8 ± 0.9 % of total HVA current ( n = 24, P/Q-type), ω-CgTx blocked 66.3 ± 1.1 % of total HVA current ( n = 21, N-type), and nifedipine blocked 4.2 ± 0.8 % ( n = 5, L-type).
Techniques Used: Blocking Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: P/Q-type Ca 2+ currents are reduced only through voltage-independent mechanisms A, agatoxin occluded the voltage-dependent block by 5-HT. Example traces of an experiment are shown in a and the time course measurements at 5 (•) and 70 ms (○) are shown in b. In agatoxin (100 nM), 5-HT caused a ‘pure’ voltage-dependent reduction which almost totally reversed at the end of the test pulse. Ba, a prepulse to +120 mV partially reversed the 5-HT inhibition in control (*, prepulse). b, agatoxin blocked around 20 % of the total HVA current, and in the presence of agatoxin, the prepulse relieved almost the same amount of current (*). However, some voltage-independent inhibition remained. Ca, in Ca 2+ currents elicited by a test pulse to +10 mV from a holding potential of −50 mV, the reduction of Ca 2+ currents by 8-OH-DPAT was not changed by a prepulse (*), suggesting voltage-independent inhibition. b, in the presence of agatoxin (100 nM), 8-OH-DPAT (1 μM) did not produce further inhibition in the same cell.
Techniques Used: Blocking Assay, Mass Spectrometry, Inhibition
5) Product Images from "On the mechanism of histaminergic inhibition of glutamate release in the rat dentate gyrus"
Article Title: On the mechanism of histaminergic inhibition of glutamate release in the rat dentate gyrus
Journal: The Journal of Physiology
doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1999.777ab.x

Figure Legend Snippet: The depressant effect of histamine is not occluded by the P/Q-type calcium channel blocker ω-agatoxin A , a short application of ω-agatoxin (800 nM, n = 4) depresses the fEPSP but does not prevent a further depression by histamine (10 μM). Inset, analog traces recorded at the times indicated by the lower case letters. Scale bar, 0.5 mV, 10 ms. B , comparison of the depression of the fEPSP under control conditions ( n = 10) or in the presence of ω-agatoxin ( n = 4).
Techniques Used: Mass Spectrometry
6) Product Images from "Peripheral nerve injury increases contribution of L-type calcium channels to synaptic transmission in spinal lamina II: Role of α2δ–1 subunits"
Article Title: Peripheral nerve injury increases contribution of L-type calcium channels to synaptic transmission in spinal lamina II: Role of α2δ–1 subunits
Journal: Molecular Pain
doi: 10.1177/1744806918765806

Figure Legend Snippet: Gabapentin inhibits a dihydropyridine-sensitive inward current in undifferentiated PC12 cells. a. Current-voltage relation of barium currents were examined in the presence of 1 mM ω-Conotoxin GVIA and 200nM ω-Agatoxin VIA to eliminate the contribution of native non-L-type channels. Currents were elicited by voltage ramps from −100 to +100mV at 1mV/ms, and cells were exposed to 100nM of the agonist (S)-(-)-BayK 8644 prior to the application of 100 µM GBP. b. The bar graph shows the average of peak amplitude values ( n = 5) obtained in cells perfused with external recording solution (Ba 2+ 20mM), compared to that obtained after the consecutive addition of peptide toxins, BayK 8644 and GBP. Data are plotted as Mean ± S.E.M. The asterisk indicates the change in current amplitude after perfusion with GBP is statistically significant at p
Techniques Used: Mass Spectrometry
7) Product Images from "Voltage-activated Ca2+ channels and their role in the endocrine function of the pituitary gland in newborn and adult mice"
Article Title: Voltage-activated Ca2+ channels and their role in the endocrine function of the pituitary gland in newborn and adult mice
Journal: The Journal of Physiology
doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2003.058271

Figure Legend Snippet: The effects of nifedipine, ω-conotoxin GVIA, ω-conotoxin MVIIC with ω-agatoxin TK and CdCl 2 on Ba 2+ currents In panels A , B , C and D left plots present data from the newborn and right plots from the adult animals. A , Ba 2+ currents were evoked during 30 ms voltage steps from −80 mV to +60 mV. All recordings were obtained after preincubation (2 min) with different VACC blockers as indicated. B , current densities from the same cells were plotted to obtain the Ba 2+ current I–V relationship. C , the effect of VACC blockers on the Ba 2+ current I–V relationship obtained from 300 ms voltage ramps. D , the time course of the effect of nifedipine (1), GVIA (2), MVIIC/TK (3) and CdCl 2 (4) on Ba 2+ currents. LVA currents in adults are shown as red triangles and the HVA are shown as black triangles. Note that current values were normalized to the peak amplitude of both VACC components. Nifedipine blocked about 50% of the LVA component; however, other toxins than Cd 2+ did not affect the LVA component.
Techniques Used: Mass Spectrometry
8) Product Images from "Serotonin modulates multiple calcium current subtypes in commissural interneurons of the neonatal mouse"
Article Title: Serotonin modulates multiple calcium current subtypes in commissural interneurons of the neonatal mouse
Journal: Journal of Neurophysiology
doi: 10.1152/jn.00768.2011

Figure Legend Snippet: Blocking N- and P/Q-type calcium channels together occludes 5-HT's effects. A : current traces in response to steps from −60 to 0 mV in control conditions (a), during coapplication of 1 μM ω-conotoxin GVIA and 200 nM ω-agatoxin TK (b), and application of 5-HT in addition to conotoxin and agatoxin (c). B : peak current amplitudes measured every 30 s. Measurements from traces in A are indicated by lowercase letters (a, b, c). Black bars indicate application of noted drug. C : plot of instantaneous dI/dt. Note peaks just after application of conotoxin and agatoxin but no peak following application of 10 μM 5-HT.
Techniques Used: Blocking Assay

Figure Legend Snippet: N- and P/Q-type calcium current are present in P0-5 CINs. A : current traces in response to voltage steps from −60 to 0 mV elicited every 30 s. Toxin labels illustrate the rapid drops in current in response to their application. B : plot of peak of the current in the traces above vs. time. Application of toxins is depicted by black bars running below the plot. Note the rapid reduction in current upon application of ω-conotoxin and ω-agatoxin. C : rundown-corrected percent reduction of I Ba by application of 1 μM ω-conotoxin GVIA. D : instantaneous dI/dt vs. time for the same experiment determined by change in current amplitude between each trace (30 s). Peaks indicate points of rapid decrease in current amplitude, coinciding with the application of the blockers in B. E : rundown-corrected percent reduction of I Ba by application of 200 nM ω-agatoxin TK. * P
Techniques Used:

Figure Legend Snippet: Blocking P/Q-type I Ca does not occlude 5-HT's reduction of the current. A : I Ba traces elicited by steps from −60 to 0 mV in control conditions (a), during application of 200 nM ω-agatoxin TK (b), and during coapplication of 200 nM ω-agatoxin TK and 10 μM 5-HT. B : plot of peak I Ba vs. time with sweeps (as in A ) taken every 30 s. Black bars indicate application of ω-agatoxin TK and 5-HT. Measurements from sweeps in A are indicated by lowercase letters (a, b, c). C : plot of dI/dt vs. time for the same experiment. Note the peaks just after agatoxin and 5-HT application.
Techniques Used: Blocking Assay