Journal: PLoS ONE
Article Title: The Human Antimicrobial Protein Bactericidal/Permeability-Increasing Protein (BPI) Inhibits the Infectivity of Influenza A Virus
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156929
Figure Lengend Snippet: BHK-cells were infected with 360 PFU/well of VSV-GFP virus. Prior to infection the VSV was incubated with 20 μg/mL of human BPI (huBPI) and mouse BPI-peptide (mBPI), respectively or remained untreated (control) for 1 h. After 1.5 h of the cells were overlaid with 1.25% Avicel medium and incubated for 42 h. Thereafter, the cells were fixed and stained with crystal violet for 1 h at 4°C. Finally the plaques were counted (A). MDCK(H) cells were infected with 500 PFU/well Influenza A virus strain A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) for 1 h. Before the infection the virus was incubated in the presence or absence of 20 μg/mL of either human BPI-peptide (huBPI), murine BPI-peptide (mBPI), human BPI-peptide N 1 D (mutant 1), human BPI-peptide K 11 M (mutant 2), human BPI-peptide N 1 D and K 11 M (mutant 3) or left untreated (control) for 1 h (B) or incubated in the presence or absence of 20 μg/mL of either human BPI-peptide (huBPI), murine BPI-peptide (mBPI), mouse BPI-peptide D 1 N and M 11 K (mutant 4) or left untreated (control) for 1 h (C). After the infection the virus containing supernatant was removed and the cells were grown for additional 13 h. Thereafter, the fixed and permeabilized cells were incubated with the mouse anti–nucleoprotein IAV monoclonal antibody. The binding of the antibody was detected by a donkey anti-mouse IgG-HRP antiserum and adding of the reagent TMB Super Sensitive One Component HRP Microwell Substrate. Substrate conversion was detected by 450 nm. One representative experiment out of 3 performed is shown. Statistically significant differences are given as p values (*** <0.001); n.s. is not significant; n = 5 ± SEM.
Article Snippet: Finally, the detection of the binding was determined by the incubation of a rabbit anti-human BPI antiserum (Hycult Biotechnology, pAB HP9022) followed by a donkey anti-rabbit peroxidase coupled antiserum (dianova, Hamburg, Germany).
Techniques: Infection, Incubation, Staining, Mutagenesis, Binding Assay