Journal: The Journal of infectious diseases
Article Title: Circulating Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Neutrophil Activation Are Increased in Proportion to Disease Severity in Human Malaria
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiy661
Figure Lengend Snippet: Neutrophil activation in human malaria. Markers for neutrophil activation were quantified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in frozen plasma from malaria patients and controls. Markers included neutrophil elastase (A) and proteinase-3 (B), determined in 23 controls, 8 patients with severe Plasmodium falciparum (Pf), 46 uncomplicated malaria (UM) patients with Pf, 13 UM with Plasmodium malariae (Pm), and 36 UM with Plasmodium vivax (Pv). A third marker, myeloperoxidase (C), was measured in 23 controls, 7 patients with severe Pf, 47 with UM Pf, 14 with UM Pm, and 37 with UM Pv. Plots show median and individual data points in each group. The Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn’s multiple comparisons test was used for statistical comparisons to controls. Significant differences in all plots are signified by asterisks (***, P < .0005; ****, P < .0001). The Mann-Whitney test was used for comparison between UM and severe Pf (#, P < .0005; ##, P < .0001). Data are presented in Supplementary Table S2.
Article Snippet: Neutrophil Activation and Parasite Biomass ( Plasmodium falciparum Histidine-Rich Protein-2) Neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase-3 (PR3) concentrations were determined in platelet-free plasma using the Human Polymorphonuclear NE Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit (Abcam, Cambridge, UK) and the PR3 Human ELISA kit (HycultBiotech, Uden, Netherlands), respectively.
Techniques: Activation Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Marker, MANN-WHITNEY