human tgfβ1 elisa kit  (Boster Bio)

Journal: Archives of Toxicology

Article Title: Zoledronate dysregulates fatty acid metabolism in renal tubular epithelial cells to induce nephrotoxicity

doi: 10.1007/s00204-017-2048-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Analysis of proteomic data of HK-2 cells treated with or without zoledronate (50 µM) for 48 h. a Cell viability curves of HK-2 cell. HK-2 cell was treated by various doses of zoledronate (0, 0.1, 1, 5, 10, 50 µM) for 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 h. b Heat map of significantly changed proteins following zoledronate treatment on HK-2 cells. c Gene ontology (GO) analysis of HK-2 cell treated with control and zoledronate samples. The graph shows the negative log p values for the enrichment of the specific pathways. d Relative protein levels related to TGFβ and inflammation. e Relative protein levels related to fibrosis and kidney injury. f Relative protein levels related to lipid and FA metabolism. Data presented as mean ± SD (each treated sample ( n = 2) were compared with each untreated one ( n = 2) once, resulting in four sets of data). Zole is the abbreviation of zoledronate in all the figures

Article Snippet: Co., Ltd (Nanjing, China); Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM), Fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin–streptomycin, 0.25% trypsin and phosphate buffer saline (PBS) were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA); Saline, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), periodic acid schiff (PAS) and Masson’s trichrome were purchased from Solarbio (Beijing, China), the Oil Red O (ORO) solution (0.5% in isopropanol) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Biotechnology; Human TGFβ1 ELISA kit was purchased from BOSTER (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Archives of Toxicology

Article Title: Zoledronate dysregulates fatty acid metabolism in renal tubular epithelial cells to induce nephrotoxicity

doi: 10.1007/s00204-017-2048-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of zoledronate treatments on TGFβ1 in HK-2 cells. a TGFβ1 mRNA expression in HK-2 cells under various concentrations of zoledronate treatments. b Western blot analysis of TGFβ1/SMAD3 signaling and fibrosis markers in the HK-2 cells after zoledronate treatments. c Comparisons of zoledronate treatment with TGFβ1 receptor agonist (TGFβ) or inhibitor (SB431542) on p-Smad3 and fibrotic factor protein expressions. d Induction of relative mRNA levels of genes related to kidney fibrosis by zoledronate treatments. All data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 6) and * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 and *** P < 0.001 compared to control, respectively

Article Snippet: Co., Ltd (Nanjing, China); Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM), Fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin–streptomycin, 0.25% trypsin and phosphate buffer saline (PBS) were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA); Saline, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), periodic acid schiff (PAS) and Masson’s trichrome were purchased from Solarbio (Beijing, China), the Oil Red O (ORO) solution (0.5% in isopropanol) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Biotechnology; Human TGFβ1 ELISA kit was purchased from BOSTER (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Control

Journal: Archives of Toxicology

Article Title: Zoledronate dysregulates fatty acid metabolism in renal tubular epithelial cells to induce nephrotoxicity

doi: 10.1007/s00204-017-2048-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of renal toxicity of zoledronate treatment in mice and its relative molecular pathways. a Reduced creatinine secretion in zoledronate-treated mice as compared with the control group. b Representative images of zoledronate untreated and treated mouse kidney sections stained with H&E, PAS and ORO staining ( scale bar 1 mm). c Representative pictures of Masson’s trichrome staining ( scale bar 50 μm) and collagen I, Fn1 and α-SMA IHC ( scale bar 20 μm) for detection of zoledronate-induced kidney injury. d Western blot analysis of TGFβ1/Smad3 pathway and fibrosis markers in the kidney of controlled and zoledronate-treated mice. e Relative transcript levels of fibrosis and kidney-injury-related genes in controls and zoledronate-treated mice. f Relative mRNA levels of typical apoptosis and kidney injury factors. g Relative mRNA levels of FAO-related genes in controls and zoledronate-treated ones. h Relative transcript levels of FA uptake-related transporter or carrier in controls and zoledronate-treated ones. i Representative IHC images and western blot analysis of mouse kidney from control and zoledronate-treated mice for Slc27a2. ( scale bar 20 μm). Each group had five mice and was treated for 4 weeks in the animal studies

Article Snippet: Co., Ltd (Nanjing, China); Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM), Fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin–streptomycin, 0.25% trypsin and phosphate buffer saline (PBS) were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA); Saline, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), periodic acid schiff (PAS) and Masson’s trichrome were purchased from Solarbio (Beijing, China), the Oil Red O (ORO) solution (0.5% in isopropanol) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Biotechnology; Human TGFβ1 ELISA kit was purchased from BOSTER (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Control, Staining, Western Blot