Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Predominant Functional Expression of Kv1.3 by Activated Microglia of the Hippocampus after S tatus epilepticus

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006770

Figure Lengend Snippet: The leak conductances of the cells in A, B and C were 338, 862 and 332 pS, respectively. The graphs on the right represent the conductance, normalized to its maximum value, as a function of the membrane potential and its inhibition by α-dendrotoxin (A, n = 4, Dtx), agitoxin-2 (B, AgTx, n = 14 for 10 nM, n = 6 for 50 nM) and margatoxin (C, MgTX, n = 8 for 1 nM, n = 11 for 10 nM).

Article Snippet: Alpha-dendrotoxin, recombinant agitoxin-2 and recombinant margatoxin were purchased from Alomone labs (Jerusalem, Israel).

Techniques: Inhibition

Journal: mAbs

Article Title: A multiplatform strategy for the discovery of conventional monoclonal antibodies that inhibit the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3

doi: 10.1080/19420862.2018.1445451

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of human Kv1.3 in Tetrahymena thermophila . A. Expression construct design. KCNA3 , the gene encoding human Kv1.3, was modified with a C-terminal FLAG/10Xhis tag and placed under the control of the MTT5 and MTT1 promoter and terminator, respectively. The entire expression cassette was cloned as a NotI fragment into an rDNA vector, pTRAS1. The relative positions of chromosome breakage sites (CBS) and ribosomal genes (17s, 5.8s, and 26s) are shown. B. Single cell isolates maintain expression of recombinant Kv1.3. Anti-Kv1.3 Western analysis of single cells isolated from pooled Tetrahymena transformants and tested for their ability to express Kv1.3. Eight of nine single cell isolates expressed Kv1.3 at similar levels to the original pool (T1) with one clone (#117) expressing higher-levels of Kv1.3. A lysate from wild-type cells (WT) was included as a negative control. C. Tetrahymena -expressed Kv1.3 is phosphorylated. Purified Kv1.3 was incubated in the absence (−) and presence (+) of calf-intestinal alkaline phosphatase (CIP) and subsequently detected by anti-Kv1.3 Western analysis as described above. D. Comparison of Kv1.3 expression levels in Tetrahymena and CHO cells. Cell lysates generated from 25,000 Kv1.3 expressing Tetrahymena (Tth) or CHO cells were resolved by SDS-PAGE. Kv1.3 was detected by Western analysis using an anti-Kv1.3 antibody and an anti-guinea pig HRP conjugated antibody. E. Tetrahymena -expressed Kv1.3 binds both Agitoxin-2 (AgTX-2) and ShK. Mock-induced wild-type cells (WT) and Kv1.3-expressing Tetrahymena cells were fixed and labeled with either 10 nM Agitoxin-2-TAMRA (AgTX-2-TAMRA) or ShK-TAMRA and visualized by fluorescence confocal microscopy. Inset shows a close-image of a single Tetrahymena cell. White arrows highlight the Tetrahymena plasma (surface) membrane. F. Binding of ShK to Tetrahymena Kv1.3 is specific. Fixed Tetrahymena cells expressing Kv1.3 were incubated with 10 nM ShK-TAMRA in the presence of saturating (10X) amounts of Margatoxin (MgTx) or Iberiotoxin (IbTx) and examined by fluorescence confocal microscopy.

Article Snippet: Kv1.3 toxins, Margatoxin (MgTX, #STM-325), Agitoxin-2-TAMRA (AgTX-2-TAMRA, #RTA-420-T) and Iberiotoxin (IbTX, #STI-400) were from Alomone.

Techniques: Expressing, Construct, Modification, Clone Assay, Plasmid Preparation, Recombinant, Western Blot, Isolation, Negative Control, Purification, Incubation, Generated, SDS Page, Labeling, Fluorescence, Confocal Microscopy, Binding Assay