Journal: Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials

Article Title: Synergistic effect of lactoferrin combined with fluconazole to overcome antifungal resistance in Candida species

doi: 10.1186/s12941-025-00836-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro activity of the combination of fluconazole (8 µg/mL) and lactoferrin (8 µg/mL) against fluconazole resistant isolates ( a ) C. albicans UPV 15–147 and ( b ) C. albicans UPV 15–157; fluconazole resistant control strains ( c ) C. albicans ATCC 64124 and ( d ) C. parapsilosis NCPF 3153; and fluconazole susceptible control strains ( e ) C. albicans NCPF 3104 and ( f ) C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019

Article Snippet: C. parapsilosis ATCC 90,018 , 0.5 , , 32 , , 0.25 , , 16 , 1.00 , NI , NI.

Techniques: In Vitro, Activity Assay, Control

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Targeting Non- albicans Candida Strains and Phytopathogenic Fusarium Species with Chitooligosaccharides: Insights into the Antifungal Mechanism

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c08432

Figure Lengend Snippet: Time–kill kinetics assay of COS activity against C. krusei ATCC 6258 and C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019. The assays were performed in triplicate (the data are the means ± SDs), as described in the methods section . For each treatment and control, the means and upper and lower bounds of one SD from the mean are connected by solid and dashed lines, respectively. At each time point, the means that are significantly different ( p < 0.05; Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test) from those of the control (water) are indicated by asterisks.

Article Snippet: The yeast strains used in the growth inhibition tests were C . albicans (ATCC 10231, ATCC 44858, ATCC 64129, ATCC 90028 and ATCC 90029), C. krusei ( P. kudriavzevii ) (ATCC 6258), C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019 and ATCC 90018) and C. tropicalis (ATCC 750 and ATCC 13803).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Control

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Targeting Non- albicans Candida Strains and Phytopathogenic Fusarium Species with Chitooligosaccharides: Insights into the Antifungal Mechanism

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c08432

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cell permeability and nuclear DNA staining by PI (A) and detection of ROS generation by DCFH2-DA (B) in Candida cells treated with COS. C. krusei ATCC 6258 and C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019 cells were treated with COS (MIC) and subjected to PI and DCFH2-DA staining, as described in the methods section ( subsections 2.9 and ). The cells treated with water, 50% (v/v) ethanol or 10% (v/v) H 2 O 2 were included as controls. The scale bar represents 20 μm.

Article Snippet: The yeast strains used in the growth inhibition tests were C . albicans (ATCC 10231, ATCC 44858, ATCC 64129, ATCC 90028 and ATCC 90029), C. krusei ( P. kudriavzevii ) (ATCC 6258), C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019 and ATCC 90018) and C. tropicalis (ATCC 750 and ATCC 13803).

Techniques: Permeability, Staining

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Targeting Non- albicans Candida Strains and Phytopathogenic Fusarium Species with Chitooligosaccharides: Insights into the Antifungal Mechanism

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c08432

Figure Lengend Snippet: SEM micrographs of Candida cells treated with COS. C. krusei ATCC 6258 and C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019 cells were treated with COS (MIC) and observed via SEM, as described in the methods section . Cells treated with water and fluconazole (128 μg/mL) were included as controls. Round areas on the cell surface of C. parapisilosis treated with COS were observed and are indicated by arrows (the number next to each arrow represents the diameter of each area). This morphological feature probably reflects the damage caused by COS to target cells. The scale bars represent the sizes shown in parentheses as follows: water, left images (30 μm); water, right images (4 μm); COS (30, 4, 20, and 5 μm, from left to right, respectively); fluconazole (30, 3, 20, and 4 μm, from left to right, respectively).

Article Snippet: The yeast strains used in the growth inhibition tests were C . albicans (ATCC 10231, ATCC 44858, ATCC 64129, ATCC 90028 and ATCC 90029), C. krusei ( P. kudriavzevii ) (ATCC 6258), C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019 and ATCC 90018) and C. tropicalis (ATCC 750 and ATCC 13803).

Techniques:

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Targeting Non- albicans Candida Strains and Phytopathogenic Fusarium Species with Chitooligosaccharides: Insights into the Antifungal Mechanism

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c08432

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of ionic strength (A and B) and pH (C) on the antifungal activity of COS against C. krusei and C. parapsilosis . The effects of different concentrations of NaCl (A and B) and different pH values of the culture medium (C) on the antifungal activity of 312 μg/mL COS (MIC) against C. krusei ATCC 6258 and C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019 were determined through a broth microdilution assay, as described in the methods section ( subsection 2.8.1 ). The assays were performed in triplicate (data are means ± SDs) and means that were significantly different ( p < 0.05; Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test) are indicated by asterisks.

Article Snippet: The yeast strains used in the growth inhibition tests were C . albicans (ATCC 10231, ATCC 44858, ATCC 64129, ATCC 90028 and ATCC 90029), C. krusei ( P. kudriavzevii ) (ATCC 6258), C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019 and ATCC 90018) and C. tropicalis (ATCC 750 and ATCC 13803).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Microdilution Assay