ch 7 06  (ATCC)

Journal: Amino Acids

Article Title: The first identified cathelicidin from tree frogs possesses anti-inflammatory and partial LPS neutralization activities

doi: 10.1007/s00726-017-2449-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Purification of cathelicidin-PP from the skin of P. puerensis and MALDI–TOF MS. a The filtrate of the skin secretion of P. puerensis by 10 kDa cutoff was divided by a Wondasil C 18 RP-HPLC column. b The eluted peak ( arrow in a ) containing antimicrobial activity was further purified by C 18 RP-HPLC column. The purified cathelicidin-PP is indicated by an arrow. c MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis of cathelicidin-PP

Article Snippet: Cathelicidin-PP induced cell death percentages as low as 7.06% at concentrations up to 200 μg/ml (59.42 μM), which is almost 86-fold higher than the MIC value of cathelicidin-PP against E. coli ATCC 25922.

Techniques: Purification, Activity Assay, Mass Spectrometry

Journal: Amino Acids

Article Title: The first identified cathelicidin from tree frogs possesses anti-inflammatory and partial LPS neutralization activities

doi: 10.1007/s00726-017-2449-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: The cDNA sequence of cathelicidin-PP precursor. Deduced amino acid sequence is shown below the cDNA sequence. The cathelicidin-PP precursor contains the signal peptide ( gray ), followed by a cathelin domain ending with a pair of basic residues (in bold ), and the mature peptide ( black ). The stop codon is indicated by an asterisk . Amino acid numbers or nucleotide numbers are shown after the sequences

Article Snippet: Cathelicidin-PP induced cell death percentages as low as 7.06% at concentrations up to 200 μg/ml (59.42 μM), which is almost 86-fold higher than the MIC value of cathelicidin-PP against E. coli ATCC 25922.

Techniques: Sequencing

Journal: Amino Acids

Article Title: The first identified cathelicidin from tree frogs possesses anti-inflammatory and partial LPS neutralization activities

doi: 10.1007/s00726-017-2449-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Multi-sequence alignment of cathelicidin-PP precursor with other amphibian cathelicidins. The symbols under the alignment indicate the following: asterisk identical sites; colon conserved sites; dot less conserved sites. Dashes are inserted to optimize the alignment. The two conserved cysteine residues involved in disulfide bridges are gray shaded . GenBank accession numbers for the analyzed sequences are shown in Fig.

Article Snippet: Cathelicidin-PP induced cell death percentages as low as 7.06% at concentrations up to 200 μg/ml (59.42 μM), which is almost 86-fold higher than the MIC value of cathelicidin-PP against E. coli ATCC 25922.

Techniques: Sequencing

Journal: Amino Acids

Article Title: The first identified cathelicidin from tree frogs possesses anti-inflammatory and partial LPS neutralization activities

doi: 10.1007/s00726-017-2449-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Phylogenetic analysis of known amphibian cathelicidins. The tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining method based on 21 amphibian cathelicidin precursors, including cathelicidin-PP. The numbers on the branches represent the percent bootstrap support. Cathelicidin-PP is indicated by a triangle

Article Snippet: Cathelicidin-PP induced cell death percentages as low as 7.06% at concentrations up to 200 μg/ml (59.42 μM), which is almost 86-fold higher than the MIC value of cathelicidin-PP against E. coli ATCC 25922.

Techniques: Construct

Journal: Amino Acids

Article Title: The first identified cathelicidin from tree frogs possesses anti-inflammatory and partial LPS neutralization activities

doi: 10.1007/s00726-017-2449-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antimicrobial activity of cathelicidin-PP

Article Snippet: Cathelicidin-PP induced cell death percentages as low as 7.06% at concentrations up to 200 μg/ml (59.42 μM), which is almost 86-fold higher than the MIC value of cathelicidin-PP against E. coli ATCC 25922.

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Amino Acids

Article Title: The first identified cathelicidin from tree frogs possesses anti-inflammatory and partial LPS neutralization activities

doi: 10.1007/s00726-017-2449-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Scanning electron microscopy of bacteria treated with or without cathelicidin-PP. a , b Control, E. coli cells treated with PBS. c , d E. coli cells treated with cathelicidin-PP (1 × MIC, 0.69 μM) dissolved in PBS. White arrow indicates damage to the plasma membranes of bacteria or the intracellular inclusions efflux

Article Snippet: Cathelicidin-PP induced cell death percentages as low as 7.06% at concentrations up to 200 μg/ml (59.42 μM), which is almost 86-fold higher than the MIC value of cathelicidin-PP against E. coli ATCC 25922.

Techniques: Electron Microscopy

Journal: Amino Acids

Article Title: The first identified cathelicidin from tree frogs possesses anti-inflammatory and partial LPS neutralization activities

doi: 10.1007/s00726-017-2449-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: The CD spectra of cathelicidin-PP in different solutions. a SDS/H 2 O solution (5, 10, 20, 40 mM). b LPS/H 2 O solution (50, 100, 200, 400 ng/ml). Cathelicidin-PP was dissolved in different solutions to an ultimate concentration of 0.2 mg/ml

Article Snippet: Cathelicidin-PP induced cell death percentages as low as 7.06% at concentrations up to 200 μg/ml (59.42 μM), which is almost 86-fold higher than the MIC value of cathelicidin-PP against E. coli ATCC 25922.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Amino Acids

Article Title: The first identified cathelicidin from tree frogs possesses anti-inflammatory and partial LPS neutralization activities

doi: 10.1007/s00726-017-2449-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Secondary structural components of cathelicidin-PP in different solutions

Article Snippet: Cathelicidin-PP induced cell death percentages as low as 7.06% at concentrations up to 200 μg/ml (59.42 μM), which is almost 86-fold higher than the MIC value of cathelicidin-PP against E. coli ATCC 25922.

Techniques:

Journal: Amino Acids

Article Title: The first identified cathelicidin from tree frogs possesses anti-inflammatory and partial LPS neutralization activities

doi: 10.1007/s00726-017-2449-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of cathelicidin-PP on iNOS transcription and NO production induced by LPS. a iNOS mRNA. b Nitrite production. Data are mean ± SEM. Values from three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, significantly different compared with the control that was treated with serum-free RPMI 1640 and 100 ng/ml LPS

Article Snippet: Cathelicidin-PP induced cell death percentages as low as 7.06% at concentrations up to 200 μg/ml (59.42 μM), which is almost 86-fold higher than the MIC value of cathelicidin-PP against E. coli ATCC 25922.

Techniques:

Journal: Amino Acids

Article Title: The first identified cathelicidin from tree frogs possesses anti-inflammatory and partial LPS neutralization activities

doi: 10.1007/s00726-017-2449-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of cathelicidin-PP on pro-inflammatory cytokine transcription and secretion induced by LPS. a TNF-α mRNA. b TNF-α secretion. c IL-1β mRNA. d IL-1β secretion. e IL-6 mRNA. f IL-6 secretion. Data are mean ± SEM. Values from three separate experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, significantly different compared with the control that was incubated with serum-free RPMI 1640 and 100 ng/ml LPS

Article Snippet: Cathelicidin-PP induced cell death percentages as low as 7.06% at concentrations up to 200 μg/ml (59.42 μM), which is almost 86-fold higher than the MIC value of cathelicidin-PP against E. coli ATCC 25922.

Techniques: Incubation

Journal: Amino Acids

Article Title: The first identified cathelicidin from tree frogs possesses anti-inflammatory and partial LPS neutralization activities

doi: 10.1007/s00726-017-2449-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of cathelicidin-PP on LPS-induced inflammatory response pathways. a Western blot of phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, p38, and NF-κB p65 in peritoneal macrophages. The cells were incubated with LPS (100 ng/ml) and different concentrations of cathelicidin-PP (0, 5, 10, and 20 μg/ml). After incubation for 30 min, the cells were collected, and the cytoplasmic or nuclear proteins were extracted for Western blot analysis. b Ratio of P-ERK1 (44 kDa), P-ERK2 (42 kDa), P-JNK1 (54 kDa), P-JNK2 (46 kDa), P-p38, and P-p65 to β-actin. Band densities were analyzed using Quantity One software (Bio-Rad, Richmond, CA, USA). Data were presented as mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, ratios of peptide-treated groups are significantly different from that induced by 100 ng/ml LPS alone

Article Snippet: Cathelicidin-PP induced cell death percentages as low as 7.06% at concentrations up to 200 μg/ml (59.42 μM), which is almost 86-fold higher than the MIC value of cathelicidin-PP against E. coli ATCC 25922.

Techniques: Western Blot, Incubation, Software

Journal: Amino Acids

Article Title: The first identified cathelicidin from tree frogs possesses anti-inflammatory and partial LPS neutralization activities

doi: 10.1007/s00726-017-2449-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: LPS-neutralizing activity of cathelicidin-PP. A chromogenic LAL assay was used to evaluate neutralizing activity. Data are mean ± SEM. Values from three separate experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, significantly different compared with the control (PBS)

Article Snippet: Cathelicidin-PP induced cell death percentages as low as 7.06% at concentrations up to 200 μg/ml (59.42 μM), which is almost 86-fold higher than the MIC value of cathelicidin-PP against E. coli ATCC 25922.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Chromogenic LAL Assay

Journal: Amino Acids

Article Title: The first identified cathelicidin from tree frogs possesses anti-inflammatory and partial LPS neutralization activities

doi: 10.1007/s00726-017-2449-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fold increase of cathelicidin-PP in immune-related tissues at different time courses after immune challenge with E. coli . a Fold increase of cathelicidin-PP in skin. b Fold increase of cathelicidin-PP in spleen. c Fold increase of cathelicidin-PP in gut. d Fold increase of cathelicidin-PP in lung. Expression levels in different tissues were calculated relative to the level of cathelicidin-PP in corresponding uninfected tissue, which was arbitrarily defined as 1. Values for infection treatment are significantly different from control values. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, significantly different compared to the control ( n = 5)

Article Snippet: Cathelicidin-PP induced cell death percentages as low as 7.06% at concentrations up to 200 μg/ml (59.42 μM), which is almost 86-fold higher than the MIC value of cathelicidin-PP against E. coli ATCC 25922.

Techniques: Expressing, Infection