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treponema sp  (ATCC)


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    Structured Review

    ATCC treponema sp
    Treponema Sp, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 92/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Western blot analyses of Nef (a) and <t>Myo10</t> (c) expression levels in Raw 264.7 cells (1), Raw 264.7 treated with CdCl2 (2), N5 cells (3) and N5 treated with CdCl2 (4). GAPDH and Calnexin were used as loading controls for Nef and Myo10 respectively. Treatment of N5 cells with CdCl2 increases both Nef and Myo10 expression (lanes 3 vs 4). Blots are representative of 4 independent experiments. Densitometry representation of Nef expression (b) or Myo10 expression (d) from 4 independent experiments. Graphs show the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.01 (**) or < 0.02 (*). Representative fluorescence images of Raw 264.7 cells treated with CdCl2 (e) or N5 treated with CdCl2 (f). The plasma membrane was labeled with WGA-Rhodamine. Z-stacks at the level of the substratum identifying filopodia or above the substratum identifying TNTs are shown. Treatment of N5 cells with CdCl2 increases both the length of filopodia and the amount of TNTs (white arrows) observed. Quantification of the number of TNTs in Raw 264.7 cells (± CdCl2) (g) or N5 cells (± CdCl2) (h). We observed a decrease in the number of cells with TNTs in Raw 264.7 cells treated with CdCl2 compared to the untreated control cells (g) and a 40% increase in the number of cells connected by TNTs in N5 treated with CdCl2 (h). Data are the average of 4 independent experiments and the graphs show the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.01 (**)
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    Image Search Results


    Journal: PLoS ONE

    Article Title: Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Presence of Treponema denticola in a Tissue Biopsy of the Iceman

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099994

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Assignment of bacterial rRNA reads of the Icemańs metagenome to different genera and pre-selection of human pathogenic or opportunistic pathogenic bacteria according to the NCBI Genome Project database ( ftp://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/genomeprj_archive/lproks_0.txt ).

    Article Snippet: For the Treponema denticola ATCC 35405 genome (NCBI GenBank accession AE017226.1), to which most of the Treponema -specific reads were most similar, contiguous consensus sequences were extracted using the mpileup command implemented in samtools .

    Techniques:

    ( A ) Human reference genome (ENA Experiment Accession No.: ERX008207) ( B ) Human reads of the Iceman metagenome (ENA Study Accession No.: ERP001144) ( C ) Validated T. denticola reads from the Iceman metagenome. Grey lines indicate all possible misincorporations; G-to-A and C-to-T misincorporations are plotted in blue and red, respectively. The green lines display all possible variants of a nucleotide-to-gap position.

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    Article Title: Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Presence of Treponema denticola in a Tissue Biopsy of the Iceman

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099994

    Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Human reference genome (ENA Experiment Accession No.: ERX008207) ( B ) Human reads of the Iceman metagenome (ENA Study Accession No.: ERP001144) ( C ) Validated T. denticola reads from the Iceman metagenome. Grey lines indicate all possible misincorporations; G-to-A and C-to-T misincorporations are plotted in blue and red, respectively. The green lines display all possible variants of a nucleotide-to-gap position.

    Article Snippet: For the Treponema denticola ATCC 35405 genome (NCBI GenBank accession AE017226.1), to which most of the Treponema -specific reads were most similar, contiguous consensus sequences were extracted using the mpileup command implemented in samtools .

    Techniques:

    ( A ) PCR assay targeting the 16S rRNA gene of T. denticola . ( B ) PCR assay targeting the repetitive element IS1126 of Porphyromonas gingivalis . All assays include a PCR negative control (3) and a PCR of the DNA extraction blank (4).

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    Article Title: Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Presence of Treponema denticola in a Tissue Biopsy of the Iceman

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099994

    Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) PCR assay targeting the 16S rRNA gene of T. denticola . ( B ) PCR assay targeting the repetitive element IS1126 of Porphyromonas gingivalis . All assays include a PCR negative control (3) and a PCR of the DNA extraction blank (4).

    Article Snippet: For the Treponema denticola ATCC 35405 genome (NCBI GenBank accession AE017226.1), to which most of the Treponema -specific reads were most similar, contiguous consensus sequences were extracted using the mpileup command implemented in samtools .

    Techniques: Negative Control, DNA Extraction

    Western blot analyses of Nef (a) and Myo10 (c) expression levels in Raw 264.7 cells (1), Raw 264.7 treated with CdCl2 (2), N5 cells (3) and N5 treated with CdCl2 (4). GAPDH and Calnexin were used as loading controls for Nef and Myo10 respectively. Treatment of N5 cells with CdCl2 increases both Nef and Myo10 expression (lanes 3 vs 4). Blots are representative of 4 independent experiments. Densitometry representation of Nef expression (b) or Myo10 expression (d) from 4 independent experiments. Graphs show the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.01 (**) or < 0.02 (*). Representative fluorescence images of Raw 264.7 cells treated with CdCl2 (e) or N5 treated with CdCl2 (f). The plasma membrane was labeled with WGA-Rhodamine. Z-stacks at the level of the substratum identifying filopodia or above the substratum identifying TNTs are shown. Treatment of N5 cells with CdCl2 increases both the length of filopodia and the amount of TNTs (white arrows) observed. Quantification of the number of TNTs in Raw 264.7 cells (± CdCl2) (g) or N5 cells (± CdCl2) (h). We observed a decrease in the number of cells with TNTs in Raw 264.7 cells treated with CdCl2 compared to the untreated control cells (g) and a 40% increase in the number of cells connected by TNTs in N5 treated with CdCl2 (h). Data are the average of 4 independent experiments and the graphs show the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.01 (**)

    Journal: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling

    Article Title: Myosin-X is essential to the intercellular spread of HIV-1 Nef through tunneling nanotubes

    doi: 10.1007/s12079-018-0493-z

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Western blot analyses of Nef (a) and Myo10 (c) expression levels in Raw 264.7 cells (1), Raw 264.7 treated with CdCl2 (2), N5 cells (3) and N5 treated with CdCl2 (4). GAPDH and Calnexin were used as loading controls for Nef and Myo10 respectively. Treatment of N5 cells with CdCl2 increases both Nef and Myo10 expression (lanes 3 vs 4). Blots are representative of 4 independent experiments. Densitometry representation of Nef expression (b) or Myo10 expression (d) from 4 independent experiments. Graphs show the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.01 (**) or < 0.02 (*). Representative fluorescence images of Raw 264.7 cells treated with CdCl2 (e) or N5 treated with CdCl2 (f). The plasma membrane was labeled with WGA-Rhodamine. Z-stacks at the level of the substratum identifying filopodia or above the substratum identifying TNTs are shown. Treatment of N5 cells with CdCl2 increases both the length of filopodia and the amount of TNTs (white arrows) observed. Quantification of the number of TNTs in Raw 264.7 cells (± CdCl2) (g) or N5 cells (± CdCl2) (h). We observed a decrease in the number of cells with TNTs in Raw 264.7 cells treated with CdCl2 compared to the untreated control cells (g) and a 40% increase in the number of cells connected by TNTs in N5 treated with CdCl2 (h). Data are the average of 4 independent experiments and the graphs show the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.01 (**)

    Article Snippet: Transduction and selection of stable clones Myosin-X shRNA (m) Lentiviral Particles (Cat # sc-43,242-V), Control shRNA Lentiviral Particles-A (Cat # sc-108,080), Polybrene (Cat # sc-134,220) and puromycin dihydrochloride (Cat # sc-108,071) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., and were used according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

    Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Fluorescence, Labeling

    (a) Western blot analyses of Myo10 and Nef levels in N5-shRNA control cells versus N5-shRNA Myo10 cells. Calnexin was used as a loading control. Blot is a representative of 3 independent experiments. Densitometry representation of Myo10 (b) or Nef expression (c) are plotted. Graphs show the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.0001 (***). (d) Quantification of the number of cells with TNTs in N5-shRNA control cells versus N5-shRNA Myo10 cells. Down-regulation of Myo10 results in a decrease in TNT formation, independently of Nef expression. The graph shows the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.05 (*)

    Journal: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling

    Article Title: Myosin-X is essential to the intercellular spread of HIV-1 Nef through tunneling nanotubes

    doi: 10.1007/s12079-018-0493-z

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) Western blot analyses of Myo10 and Nef levels in N5-shRNA control cells versus N5-shRNA Myo10 cells. Calnexin was used as a loading control. Blot is a representative of 3 independent experiments. Densitometry representation of Myo10 (b) or Nef expression (c) are plotted. Graphs show the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.0001 (***). (d) Quantification of the number of cells with TNTs in N5-shRNA control cells versus N5-shRNA Myo10 cells. Down-regulation of Myo10 results in a decrease in TNT formation, independently of Nef expression. The graph shows the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.05 (*)

    Article Snippet: Transduction and selection of stable clones Myosin-X shRNA (m) Lentiviral Particles (Cat # sc-43,242-V), Control shRNA Lentiviral Particles-A (Cat # sc-108,080), Polybrene (Cat # sc-134,220) and puromycin dihydrochloride (Cat # sc-108,071) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., and were used according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

    Techniques: Western Blot, shRNA, Expressing

    (a) CEM-T4 were mixed in a 1 to 3 ratio with N5 shRNA Ctl cells or with N5 shRNA Myo10 cells. Representative 2-D scatter plots of the CD4 fluorescence intensity (log scale) in CEM-T4 mixed with N5 shRNA Myo10 cells (red) vs shRNA control cells (black). A slight upward shift in CD4 fluorescence intensity can be observed. Change in CD4+ mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CEM-T4 cells co-cultured with N5-shRNA control cells versus N5-shRNA Myo10 cells. Representative CDF (b) and histogram (c) views are plotted. Dashed, dotted, and gray lines are the same as in Figs. ​Figs.44 and ​and5;5; red lines are CEMT4 cells co-cultured with N5-shRNA Myo10 cells and blue lines are CEMT4 cells co-cultured with N5-shRNA control cells (scramble shRNA). (d) Graphical representation plotting the percent of CEM-T4 cells with a Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI) below that of control cells (CD4 labeled CEM-T4) from 3 independent flow cytometry experiments. The increase of cells below MFI of control cells observed in Fig. ​Fig.44 can be significantly reversed by knockdown of Myo10. Flow cytometry data was the average of 5 independent experiments. The graph shows the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.001 (***)

    Journal: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling

    Article Title: Myosin-X is essential to the intercellular spread of HIV-1 Nef through tunneling nanotubes

    doi: 10.1007/s12079-018-0493-z

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) CEM-T4 were mixed in a 1 to 3 ratio with N5 shRNA Ctl cells or with N5 shRNA Myo10 cells. Representative 2-D scatter plots of the CD4 fluorescence intensity (log scale) in CEM-T4 mixed with N5 shRNA Myo10 cells (red) vs shRNA control cells (black). A slight upward shift in CD4 fluorescence intensity can be observed. Change in CD4+ mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CEM-T4 cells co-cultured with N5-shRNA control cells versus N5-shRNA Myo10 cells. Representative CDF (b) and histogram (c) views are plotted. Dashed, dotted, and gray lines are the same as in Figs. ​Figs.44 and ​and5;5; red lines are CEMT4 cells co-cultured with N5-shRNA Myo10 cells and blue lines are CEMT4 cells co-cultured with N5-shRNA control cells (scramble shRNA). (d) Graphical representation plotting the percent of CEM-T4 cells with a Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI) below that of control cells (CD4 labeled CEM-T4) from 3 independent flow cytometry experiments. The increase of cells below MFI of control cells observed in Fig. ​Fig.44 can be significantly reversed by knockdown of Myo10. Flow cytometry data was the average of 5 independent experiments. The graph shows the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.001 (***)

    Article Snippet: Transduction and selection of stable clones Myosin-X shRNA (m) Lentiviral Particles (Cat # sc-43,242-V), Control shRNA Lentiviral Particles-A (Cat # sc-108,080), Polybrene (Cat # sc-134,220) and puromycin dihydrochloride (Cat # sc-108,071) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., and were used according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

    Techniques: shRNA, Fluorescence, Cell Culture, Labeling, Flow Cytometry

    Western blot analyses of Myo10 expression in (a) mouse neuronal CAD cells and (b) human epithelial HeLa cells transfected with GFP-vector (control) and Nef-GFP are shown. Calnexin was used as loading controls. Blots are representative of 3 independent experiments, P value = 0.005 (*). In both cell types, Myo10 expression increases upon Nef-GFP expression. Human MDM were infected with reverse transcriptase-normalized VSV-G pseudotyped virus stocks (WT = pNL4–3 clone) or (DelNef = pNL4–3delNef clone) at 5, 10, and 20 cpm of reverse transcriptase activity/cell. (c) A representative Western blot of the WT or DelNef infected cells from 3 independent infections is shown along with (d) Densitometry representation of the relative expression levels of Myo10 normalized to the amount of tubulin (loading control), with a P value <0.01 (**) or < 0.05 (*)

    Journal: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling

    Article Title: Myosin-X is essential to the intercellular spread of HIV-1 Nef through tunneling nanotubes

    doi: 10.1007/s12079-018-0493-z

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Western blot analyses of Myo10 expression in (a) mouse neuronal CAD cells and (b) human epithelial HeLa cells transfected with GFP-vector (control) and Nef-GFP are shown. Calnexin was used as loading controls. Blots are representative of 3 independent experiments, P value = 0.005 (*). In both cell types, Myo10 expression increases upon Nef-GFP expression. Human MDM were infected with reverse transcriptase-normalized VSV-G pseudotyped virus stocks (WT = pNL4–3 clone) or (DelNef = pNL4–3delNef clone) at 5, 10, and 20 cpm of reverse transcriptase activity/cell. (c) A representative Western blot of the WT or DelNef infected cells from 3 independent infections is shown along with (d) Densitometry representation of the relative expression levels of Myo10 normalized to the amount of tubulin (loading control), with a P value <0.01 (**) or < 0.05 (*)

    Article Snippet: Transduction and selection of stable clones Myosin-X shRNA (m) Lentiviral Particles (Cat # sc-43,242-V), Control shRNA Lentiviral Particles-A (Cat # sc-108,080), Polybrene (Cat # sc-134,220) and puromycin dihydrochloride (Cat # sc-108,071) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., and were used according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

    Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Transfection, Plasmid Preparation, Infection, Activity Assay

    Western blot analyses of Nef (a) and Myo10 (c) expression levels in Raw 264.7 cells (1), Raw 264.7 treated with CdCl2 (2), N5 cells (3) and N5 treated with CdCl2 (4). GAPDH and Calnexin were used as loading controls for Nef and Myo10 respectively. Treatment of N5 cells with CdCl2 increases both Nef and Myo10 expression (lanes 3 vs 4). Blots are representative of 4 independent experiments. Densitometry representation of Nef expression (b) or Myo10 expression (d) from 4 independent experiments. Graphs show the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.01 (**) or < 0.02 (*). Representative fluorescence images of Raw 264.7 cells treated with CdCl2 (e) or N5 treated with CdCl2 (f). The plasma membrane was labeled with WGA-Rhodamine. Z-stacks at the level of the substratum identifying filopodia or above the substratum identifying TNTs are shown. Treatment of N5 cells with CdCl2 increases both the length of filopodia and the amount of TNTs (white arrows) observed. Quantification of the number of TNTs in Raw 264.7 cells (± CdCl2) (g) or N5 cells (± CdCl2) (h). We observed a decrease in the number of cells with TNTs in Raw 264.7 cells treated with CdCl2 compared to the untreated control cells (g) and a 40% increase in the number of cells connected by TNTs in N5 treated with CdCl2 (h). Data are the average of 4 independent experiments and the graphs show the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.01 (**)

    Journal: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling

    Article Title: Myosin-X is essential to the intercellular spread of HIV-1 Nef through tunneling nanotubes

    doi: 10.1007/s12079-018-0493-z

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Western blot analyses of Nef (a) and Myo10 (c) expression levels in Raw 264.7 cells (1), Raw 264.7 treated with CdCl2 (2), N5 cells (3) and N5 treated with CdCl2 (4). GAPDH and Calnexin were used as loading controls for Nef and Myo10 respectively. Treatment of N5 cells with CdCl2 increases both Nef and Myo10 expression (lanes 3 vs 4). Blots are representative of 4 independent experiments. Densitometry representation of Nef expression (b) or Myo10 expression (d) from 4 independent experiments. Graphs show the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.01 (**) or < 0.02 (*). Representative fluorescence images of Raw 264.7 cells treated with CdCl2 (e) or N5 treated with CdCl2 (f). The plasma membrane was labeled with WGA-Rhodamine. Z-stacks at the level of the substratum identifying filopodia or above the substratum identifying TNTs are shown. Treatment of N5 cells with CdCl2 increases both the length of filopodia and the amount of TNTs (white arrows) observed. Quantification of the number of TNTs in Raw 264.7 cells (± CdCl2) (g) or N5 cells (± CdCl2) (h). We observed a decrease in the number of cells with TNTs in Raw 264.7 cells treated with CdCl2 compared to the untreated control cells (g) and a 40% increase in the number of cells connected by TNTs in N5 treated with CdCl2 (h). Data are the average of 4 independent experiments and the graphs show the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.01 (**)

    Article Snippet: Myosin-X shRNA (m) Lentiviral Particles (Cat # sc-43,242-V), Control shRNA Lentiviral Particles-A (Cat # sc-108,080), Polybrene (Cat # sc-134,220) and puromycin dihydrochloride (Cat # sc-108,071) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., and were used according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

    Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Fluorescence, Labeling

    (a) Western blot analyses of Myo10 and Nef levels in N5-shRNA control cells versus N5-shRNA Myo10 cells. Calnexin was used as a loading control. Blot is a representative of 3 independent experiments. Densitometry representation of Myo10 (b) or Nef expression (c) are plotted. Graphs show the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.0001 (***). (d) Quantification of the number of cells with TNTs in N5-shRNA control cells versus N5-shRNA Myo10 cells. Down-regulation of Myo10 results in a decrease in TNT formation, independently of Nef expression. The graph shows the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.05 (*)

    Journal: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling

    Article Title: Myosin-X is essential to the intercellular spread of HIV-1 Nef through tunneling nanotubes

    doi: 10.1007/s12079-018-0493-z

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) Western blot analyses of Myo10 and Nef levels in N5-shRNA control cells versus N5-shRNA Myo10 cells. Calnexin was used as a loading control. Blot is a representative of 3 independent experiments. Densitometry representation of Myo10 (b) or Nef expression (c) are plotted. Graphs show the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.0001 (***). (d) Quantification of the number of cells with TNTs in N5-shRNA control cells versus N5-shRNA Myo10 cells. Down-regulation of Myo10 results in a decrease in TNT formation, independently of Nef expression. The graph shows the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.05 (*)

    Article Snippet: Myosin-X shRNA (m) Lentiviral Particles (Cat # sc-43,242-V), Control shRNA Lentiviral Particles-A (Cat # sc-108,080), Polybrene (Cat # sc-134,220) and puromycin dihydrochloride (Cat # sc-108,071) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., and were used according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

    Techniques: Western Blot, shRNA, Expressing

    (a) CEM-T4 were mixed in a 1 to 3 ratio with N5 shRNA Ctl cells or with N5 shRNA Myo10 cells. Representative 2-D scatter plots of the CD4 fluorescence intensity (log scale) in CEM-T4 mixed with N5 shRNA Myo10 cells (red) vs shRNA control cells (black). A slight upward shift in CD4 fluorescence intensity can be observed. Change in CD4+ mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CEM-T4 cells co-cultured with N5-shRNA control cells versus N5-shRNA Myo10 cells. Representative CDF (b) and histogram (c) views are plotted. Dashed, dotted, and gray lines are the same as in Figs. ​Figs.44 and ​and5;5; red lines are CEMT4 cells co-cultured with N5-shRNA Myo10 cells and blue lines are CEMT4 cells co-cultured with N5-shRNA control cells (scramble shRNA). (d) Graphical representation plotting the percent of CEM-T4 cells with a Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI) below that of control cells (CD4 labeled CEM-T4) from 3 independent flow cytometry experiments. The increase of cells below MFI of control cells observed in Fig. ​Fig.44 can be significantly reversed by knockdown of Myo10. Flow cytometry data was the average of 5 independent experiments. The graph shows the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.001 (***)

    Journal: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling

    Article Title: Myosin-X is essential to the intercellular spread of HIV-1 Nef through tunneling nanotubes

    doi: 10.1007/s12079-018-0493-z

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) CEM-T4 were mixed in a 1 to 3 ratio with N5 shRNA Ctl cells or with N5 shRNA Myo10 cells. Representative 2-D scatter plots of the CD4 fluorescence intensity (log scale) in CEM-T4 mixed with N5 shRNA Myo10 cells (red) vs shRNA control cells (black). A slight upward shift in CD4 fluorescence intensity can be observed. Change in CD4+ mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CEM-T4 cells co-cultured with N5-shRNA control cells versus N5-shRNA Myo10 cells. Representative CDF (b) and histogram (c) views are plotted. Dashed, dotted, and gray lines are the same as in Figs. ​Figs.44 and ​and5;5; red lines are CEMT4 cells co-cultured with N5-shRNA Myo10 cells and blue lines are CEMT4 cells co-cultured with N5-shRNA control cells (scramble shRNA). (d) Graphical representation plotting the percent of CEM-T4 cells with a Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI) below that of control cells (CD4 labeled CEM-T4) from 3 independent flow cytometry experiments. The increase of cells below MFI of control cells observed in Fig. ​Fig.44 can be significantly reversed by knockdown of Myo10. Flow cytometry data was the average of 5 independent experiments. The graph shows the means (± s.e.m), with a P value <0.001 (***)

    Article Snippet: Myosin-X shRNA (m) Lentiviral Particles (Cat # sc-43,242-V), Control shRNA Lentiviral Particles-A (Cat # sc-108,080), Polybrene (Cat # sc-134,220) and puromycin dihydrochloride (Cat # sc-108,071) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., and were used according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

    Techniques: shRNA, Fluorescence, Cell Culture, Labeling, Flow Cytometry

    Western blot analyses of Myo10 expression in (a) mouse neuronal CAD cells and (b) human epithelial HeLa cells transfected with GFP-vector (control) and Nef-GFP are shown. Calnexin was used as loading controls. Blots are representative of 3 independent experiments, P value = 0.005 (*). In both cell types, Myo10 expression increases upon Nef-GFP expression. Human MDM were infected with reverse transcriptase-normalized VSV-G pseudotyped virus stocks (WT = pNL4–3 clone) or (DelNef = pNL4–3delNef clone) at 5, 10, and 20 cpm of reverse transcriptase activity/cell. (c) A representative Western blot of the WT or DelNef infected cells from 3 independent infections is shown along with (d) Densitometry representation of the relative expression levels of Myo10 normalized to the amount of tubulin (loading control), with a P value <0.01 (**) or < 0.05 (*)

    Journal: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling

    Article Title: Myosin-X is essential to the intercellular spread of HIV-1 Nef through tunneling nanotubes

    doi: 10.1007/s12079-018-0493-z

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Western blot analyses of Myo10 expression in (a) mouse neuronal CAD cells and (b) human epithelial HeLa cells transfected with GFP-vector (control) and Nef-GFP are shown. Calnexin was used as loading controls. Blots are representative of 3 independent experiments, P value = 0.005 (*). In both cell types, Myo10 expression increases upon Nef-GFP expression. Human MDM were infected with reverse transcriptase-normalized VSV-G pseudotyped virus stocks (WT = pNL4–3 clone) or (DelNef = pNL4–3delNef clone) at 5, 10, and 20 cpm of reverse transcriptase activity/cell. (c) A representative Western blot of the WT or DelNef infected cells from 3 independent infections is shown along with (d) Densitometry representation of the relative expression levels of Myo10 normalized to the amount of tubulin (loading control), with a P value <0.01 (**) or < 0.05 (*)

    Article Snippet: Myosin-X shRNA (m) Lentiviral Particles (Cat # sc-43,242-V), Control shRNA Lentiviral Particles-A (Cat # sc-108,080), Polybrene (Cat # sc-134,220) and puromycin dihydrochloride (Cat # sc-108,071) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., and were used according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

    Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Transfection, Plasmid Preparation, Infection, Activity Assay

    Summary of oral treponeme strains included in MLSA

    Journal: Applied and Environmental Microbiology

    Article Title: Multilocus Sequence Analysis of Phylogroup 1 and 2 Oral Treponeme Strains

    doi: 10.1128/AEM.02499-16

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Summary of oral treponeme strains included in MLSA

    Article Snippet: The accession codes for all gene sequences used in this study are summarized in Table S2 in the supplemental material. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 2 caption a7 Gene Primer Sequence (5′–3′) T m a (range in °C) Description (source or reference) 16S rRNA TPU1 AGAGTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG 56–53 All treponeme strains ( 33 ) C90 GTTACGACTTCACCCTCCT pyrH TvpyrH-F ATGGTACGGGTCTTATCGGTAG 55–49 All phylogroup 1 treponemes and primers are based on T. vincentii ATCC 35580 (this study) TvpyrH-R TTAACCTATCGTTGTGCCTTTAA pyrH-F ATGGTAACTGTTTTGTCGGT 54–47 All phylogroup 2 treponemes and primers are based on T. denticola ATCC 35405 ( 56 ) pyrH-R TTAGCCGATTACCGTTCCTT recA TvrecA-F ATGGCAAAAACAAAATCAGAAA 55–52 All phylogroup 1 treponemes and primers are based on T. vincentii ATCC 35580 (this study) TvrecA-R TTAAAAGAGCTCGTTGTCGC recA-F1 GTGGCAAAAGCAAAAAACGAAG 55–52 Most phylogroup 2 treponemes except T. denticola ATCC 700771, ATCC 700768, and MS25 and primers are based on T. denticola ATCC 35405 ( 56 ) recA-R1 TTAAAAAAGACTGTCGTCCGCC recA-F2 TTCATATTGGCCGCATTTG 54–47 T. denticola ATCC 700768 and MS25 and primers are based on regions 117 bp upstream and 69 bp downstream of recA gene on T. denticola ATCC 35405 chromosome ( 56 ) recA-R2 TTGTGTACTCATAATGCCGCTC recA-F1 GTGGCAAAAGCAAAAAACGAAG 55–49 T. denticola ATCC 700771 and primers are as described above ( 56 ) recA-R2 TTGTGTACTCATAATGCCGCTC flaA TvflaA-F ATGAAAAGAACAAGCATACTTGTAG 55–49 All phylogroup 1 treponemes except Treponema sp. IB and primers are based on T. vincentii ATCC 35580 (this study) TvflaA-R CTATTGCTTTGTATTTTCGGC TvflaA-F ATGAAAAGAACAAGCATACTTGTAG 55–49 Treponema sp. IB treponemes and the 305flaA-R primer are based on the flaA gene extracted from genome sequence data for Treponema sp. strain OMZ 305 (this study) 305flaA-R TTAGTTTGCAGCCTCTGTTG TDE1712-F ATGAAAAAAACATTTATACTTGTTG 52–46 All phylogroup 2 treponemes and primers are based on T. denticola ATCC 35405 ( 56 ) TDE1712-R TTATTGTTGGTTCTTTTCGG Open in a separate window a Touchdown PCRs were performed, with the annealing temperature decreased by ca.

    Techniques:

    Primers used for PCR amplification of target gene sequences

    Journal: Applied and Environmental Microbiology

    Article Title: Multilocus Sequence Analysis of Phylogroup 1 and 2 Oral Treponeme Strains

    doi: 10.1128/AEM.02499-16

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Primers used for PCR amplification of target gene sequences

    Article Snippet: The accession codes for all gene sequences used in this study are summarized in Table S2 in the supplemental material. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 2 caption a7 Gene Primer Sequence (5′–3′) T m a (range in °C) Description (source or reference) 16S rRNA TPU1 AGAGTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG 56–53 All treponeme strains ( 33 ) C90 GTTACGACTTCACCCTCCT pyrH TvpyrH-F ATGGTACGGGTCTTATCGGTAG 55–49 All phylogroup 1 treponemes and primers are based on T. vincentii ATCC 35580 (this study) TvpyrH-R TTAACCTATCGTTGTGCCTTTAA pyrH-F ATGGTAACTGTTTTGTCGGT 54–47 All phylogroup 2 treponemes and primers are based on T. denticola ATCC 35405 ( 56 ) pyrH-R TTAGCCGATTACCGTTCCTT recA TvrecA-F ATGGCAAAAACAAAATCAGAAA 55–52 All phylogroup 1 treponemes and primers are based on T. vincentii ATCC 35580 (this study) TvrecA-R TTAAAAGAGCTCGTTGTCGC recA-F1 GTGGCAAAAGCAAAAAACGAAG 55–52 Most phylogroup 2 treponemes except T. denticola ATCC 700771, ATCC 700768, and MS25 and primers are based on T. denticola ATCC 35405 ( 56 ) recA-R1 TTAAAAAAGACTGTCGTCCGCC recA-F2 TTCATATTGGCCGCATTTG 54–47 T. denticola ATCC 700768 and MS25 and primers are based on regions 117 bp upstream and 69 bp downstream of recA gene on T. denticola ATCC 35405 chromosome ( 56 ) recA-R2 TTGTGTACTCATAATGCCGCTC recA-F1 GTGGCAAAAGCAAAAAACGAAG 55–49 T. denticola ATCC 700771 and primers are as described above ( 56 ) recA-R2 TTGTGTACTCATAATGCCGCTC flaA TvflaA-F ATGAAAAGAACAAGCATACTTGTAG 55–49 All phylogroup 1 treponemes except Treponema sp. IB and primers are based on T. vincentii ATCC 35580 (this study) TvflaA-R CTATTGCTTTGTATTTTCGGC TvflaA-F ATGAAAAGAACAAGCATACTTGTAG 55–49 Treponema sp. IB treponemes and the 305flaA-R primer are based on the flaA gene extracted from genome sequence data for Treponema sp. strain OMZ 305 (this study) 305flaA-R TTAGTTTGCAGCCTCTGTTG TDE1712-F ATGAAAAAAACATTTATACTTGTTG 52–46 All phylogroup 2 treponemes and primers are based on T. denticola ATCC 35405 ( 56 ) TDE1712-R TTATTGTTGGTTCTTTTCGG Open in a separate window a Touchdown PCRs were performed, with the annealing temperature decreased by ca.

    Techniques: Amplification, Sequencing