Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: Featured Prebiotic Agent: The Roles and Mechanisms of Direct and Indirect Prebiotic Activities of Lactoferrin and Its Application in Disease Control

doi: 10.3390/nu15122759

Figure Lengend Snippet: Growth promotion or inhibition in probiotics cultured with bovine lactoferrin or its hydrolysate.

Article Snippet: Bifidobacterium catenulatum ATCC 27539 , Apo-BLF , 22 °C, anaerobic , Dose–response growth (>1 mg/mL) , [ ] .

Techniques: Inhibition, Cell Culture

Journal: Antibiotics

Article Title: A Single Plasmid of Nisin-Controlled Bovine and Human Lactoferrin Expressing Elevated Antibacterial Activity of Lactoferrin-Resistant Probiotic Strains

doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10020120

Figure Lengend Snippet: Selection of probiotic strains with transformed vectors as the stable clones.

Article Snippet: The probiotic bacterial strains used in this study, including Lactobacillus delbrueckii (BCRC 14008), Lactiplantibacillus paraplantarum (old species name: Lactobacillus paraplantarum ; ATCC 700210) [ ], Lactobacillus gasseri (laboratory stock, isolated from human milk), Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (old species names: Lactobacillus rhamnosus (ATCC 53103) [ ], Pediococcus pentosaceus (ATCC 8081), Bifidobacterium angulatum (ATCC 27535), Bifidobacterium breve (BCRC1258), and Bifidobacterium catenulatum (ATCC 27539), were cultured in deMan–Rogosa–Sharpe (MRS) medium (Oxoid) at 37 °C without agitation.

Techniques: Selection, Transformation Assay, Clone Assay, Plasmid Preparation

Journal: Antibiotics

Article Title: A Single Plasmid of Nisin-Controlled Bovine and Human Lactoferrin Expressing Elevated Antibacterial Activity of Lactoferrin-Resistant Probiotic Strains

doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10020120

Figure Lengend Snippet: SDS-PAGE profile of recombinant lactoferrin expression. Probiotic hosts with porcine or bovine lactoferrin expression plasmids were induced (+) or non-induced (−) by lactoferrin expression using nisin for 4 h. Cells lysates were supernatant after sonication disruption and were analyzed via SDS-PAGE. LF: standard control panel, 0.32 μg purified LF; M: molecular weight marker; lane 2 to 3: Lactobacillus delbrueckii/PLF ; lane 4 to 5: Lactobacillus gasseri/BLF ; lane 6 to 7: Bifidobacterium angulatum/PLF. Arrow indicates target lactoferrin with a molecular weight of about 80 kDa.

Article Snippet: The probiotic bacterial strains used in this study, including Lactobacillus delbrueckii (BCRC 14008), Lactiplantibacillus paraplantarum (old species name: Lactobacillus paraplantarum ; ATCC 700210) [ ], Lactobacillus gasseri (laboratory stock, isolated from human milk), Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (old species names: Lactobacillus rhamnosus (ATCC 53103) [ ], Pediococcus pentosaceus (ATCC 8081), Bifidobacterium angulatum (ATCC 27535), Bifidobacterium breve (BCRC1258), and Bifidobacterium catenulatum (ATCC 27539), were cultured in deMan–Rogosa–Sharpe (MRS) medium (Oxoid) at 37 °C without agitation.

Techniques: SDS Page, Recombinant, Expressing, Sonication, Purification, Molecular Weight, Marker

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: In Vitro and In Vivo Activities of DS-2969b, a Novel GyrB Inhibitor, against Clostridium difficile

doi: 10.1128/AAC.02157-17

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibacterial spectra of DS-2969b and comparators against anaerobic bacteria

Article Snippet: In contrast, metronidazole also showed activity against Gram-negative bacteria in the intestinal microbiota. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Compound MIC (μg/ml) Range 50% 90% DS-2969b 0.015–0.06 0.03 0.06 Fidaxomicin 0.015–0.25 0.06 0.125 Vancomycin 0.5–2 1 2 Metronidazole 0.125–2 0.25 1 Open in a separate window Antibacterial activities of DS-2969b and comparators against 55 C. difficile clinical isolates table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 2 caption a7 Strain MIC (μg/ml) DS-2969b Fidaxomicin Vancomycin Metronidazole Clostridium coccoides group Clostridium coccoides ATCC 29236 0.03 1 4 0.125 Clostridium nexile ATCC 27757 0.125 >16 0.5 0.25 Clostridium oroticum ATCC 13619 0.125 2 2 8 Clostridium sphenoides ATCC 19403 0.5 16 0.5 0.25 Eubacterium rectale ATCC 33656 1 2 0.25 1 Ruminococcus gnavus ATCC 29149 0.125 0.5 0.5 0.25 Blautia producta ATCC 27340 0.125 0.25 1 0.125 Clostridium leptum group Clostridium leptum ATCC 29065 0.5 2 0.5 >16 Eubacterium siraeum ATCC 29066 0.25 4 1 0.5 Bacteroides fragilis group Bacteroides caccae ATCC 43185 16 >16 >16 0.5 Bacteroides eggerthii ATCC 27754 >16 >16 >16 0.5 Bacteroides fragilis ATCC 25285 >16 >16 >16 0.5 Bacteroides ovatus ATCC 700292 >16 >16 >16 0.5 Bacteroides uniformis ATCC 8492 8 >16 >16 0.5 Bacteroides vulgatus ATCC 8482 >16 >16 >16 0.5 Bifidobacterium group Bifidobacterium angulatum ATCC 27535 1 ≤0.03 0.5 >16 Bifidobacterium bifidum ATCC 29521 1 ≤0.03 0.5 4 Bifidobacterium breve ATCC 15700 1 ≤0.03 1 8 Bifidobacterium catenulatum ATCC 27539 0.25 ≤0.03 0.5 16 Bifidobacterium dentium ATCC 27534 1 ≤0.03 0.5 8 Bifidobacterium infantis ATCC 15697 0.5 0.125 1 >16 Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum ATCC 27919 1 ≤0.03 0.5 8 Prevotella group Prevotella corporis ATCC 33547 4 >16 >16 0.25 Prevotella denticola ATCC 33184 >16 >16 >16 0.5 Lactobacillus group Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 0.5 >16 1 >16 Lactobacillus fermentum ATCC 14931 0.5 >16 >16 >16 Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 14917 2 Not determined Not determined Not determined Lactobacillus salivarius ATCC 11741 0.5 4 >16 >16 Open in a separate window Antibacterial spectra of DS-2969b and comparators against anaerobic bacteria Propensity for in vitro resistance development.

Techniques:

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: In Vitro and In Vivo Activities of DS-2969b, a Novel GyrB Inhibitor, against Clostridium difficile

doi: 10.1128/AAC.02157-17

Figure Lengend Snippet: 16S rRNA gene primers and probes used for qRT-PCR

Article Snippet: In contrast, metronidazole also showed activity against Gram-negative bacteria in the intestinal microbiota. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Compound MIC (μg/ml) Range 50% 90% DS-2969b 0.015–0.06 0.03 0.06 Fidaxomicin 0.015–0.25 0.06 0.125 Vancomycin 0.5–2 1 2 Metronidazole 0.125–2 0.25 1 Open in a separate window Antibacterial activities of DS-2969b and comparators against 55 C. difficile clinical isolates table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 2 caption a7 Strain MIC (μg/ml) DS-2969b Fidaxomicin Vancomycin Metronidazole Clostridium coccoides group Clostridium coccoides ATCC 29236 0.03 1 4 0.125 Clostridium nexile ATCC 27757 0.125 >16 0.5 0.25 Clostridium oroticum ATCC 13619 0.125 2 2 8 Clostridium sphenoides ATCC 19403 0.5 16 0.5 0.25 Eubacterium rectale ATCC 33656 1 2 0.25 1 Ruminococcus gnavus ATCC 29149 0.125 0.5 0.5 0.25 Blautia producta ATCC 27340 0.125 0.25 1 0.125 Clostridium leptum group Clostridium leptum ATCC 29065 0.5 2 0.5 >16 Eubacterium siraeum ATCC 29066 0.25 4 1 0.5 Bacteroides fragilis group Bacteroides caccae ATCC 43185 16 >16 >16 0.5 Bacteroides eggerthii ATCC 27754 >16 >16 >16 0.5 Bacteroides fragilis ATCC 25285 >16 >16 >16 0.5 Bacteroides ovatus ATCC 700292 >16 >16 >16 0.5 Bacteroides uniformis ATCC 8492 8 >16 >16 0.5 Bacteroides vulgatus ATCC 8482 >16 >16 >16 0.5 Bifidobacterium group Bifidobacterium angulatum ATCC 27535 1 ≤0.03 0.5 >16 Bifidobacterium bifidum ATCC 29521 1 ≤0.03 0.5 4 Bifidobacterium breve ATCC 15700 1 ≤0.03 1 8 Bifidobacterium catenulatum ATCC 27539 0.25 ≤0.03 0.5 16 Bifidobacterium dentium ATCC 27534 1 ≤0.03 0.5 8 Bifidobacterium infantis ATCC 15697 0.5 0.125 1 >16 Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum ATCC 27919 1 ≤0.03 0.5 8 Prevotella group Prevotella corporis ATCC 33547 4 >16 >16 0.25 Prevotella denticola ATCC 33184 >16 >16 >16 0.5 Lactobacillus group Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 0.5 >16 1 >16 Lactobacillus fermentum ATCC 14931 0.5 >16 >16 >16 Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 14917 2 Not determined Not determined Not determined Lactobacillus salivarius ATCC 11741 0.5 4 >16 >16 Open in a separate window Antibacterial spectra of DS-2969b and comparators against anaerobic bacteria Propensity for in vitro resistance development.

Techniques: Sequencing