Journal: Pharmaceutics

Article Title: Herbal Formula Extract Ameliorates Anxiety and Cognitive Impairment via Regulation of the Reelin/Dab-1 Pathway in a Murine Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091150

Figure Lengend Snippet: Administration of HFE increases the expression of the Reelin/Dab1 pathway in the hippocampus of PTSD mice. ( A ) Representative bands of Reelin/Dab1 pathway, related factors (p-Akt, t-Akt, p-GSK3β, t-GSK3β, p-mTOR, t-mTOR, p-ERK, and t-ERK), and α-tubulin proteins in the hippocampus. ( B ) Quantification of the ratio of Reelin/α-tubulin, p-Dab1/t-Dab1, p-Akt/t-Akt, p-GSK3β/t-GSK3β, p-mTOR/t-mTOR, and p-ERK/t-ERK by densitometric analysis. ( C ) Quantification of mRNA expression of Reelin and Dab1 in the hippocampus. ( D ) Representative images of Reelin in the DG of the hippocampus. Scale bar: 100 μm or 50 μm. Quantification of Reelin + cells in the DG. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM ( n = 5 mice/group); * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001. Akt, protein kinase B; CON, control mice; Dab1, disabled-1; DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; GSK3β, Glycogen synthase kinase-3β; HFE, herbal formula extract; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; SEM, standard error of the mean.

Article Snippet: The specific primary antibodies used for Western blot analysis included DCX (1:1000, rabbit, #40619, Cell signaling Technology), Prox1 (1:1000, rabbit, #ab199359, Abcam), Reelin (1:1000, mouse, #sc-25346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, CA, USA), p-Dab1 (Tyr 220, 1:1000, rabbit, #BS-3114R, Bioss Antibodies, Woburn, MA, USA), p-Dab1 (Tyr 232, 1:1000, rabbit, #BS-3115R, Bioss Antibodies), total(t)-Dab1 (1:1000, mouse, #sc-271136, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), p-Akt (Ser 473, 1:1000, rabbit, #9271, Cell signaling Technology), t-Akt (1:1000, rabbit, #9272, Cell signaling Technology), p-GSK3β (Ser 9, rabbit, #MA5-14873, Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA), t-GSK3β (1:1000, mouse, #39-9500, Invitrogen), p-mTOR (Ser 2448, rabbit, #5536, Cell signaling Technology), t-mTOR (1:1000, rabbit, #2983, Cell signaling Technology), p-ERK (Thr202/Tyr204, 1:1000, rabbit, #4370, Cell Signaling Technology), total (t)-ERK (1:1000, rabbit, #9102, Cell Signaling Technology), BDNF (1:1000, rabbit, #PA5-85730, Invitrogen), and α-tubulin (1:5000, mouse, #MA5-31466, Invitrogen).

Techniques: Expressing, Control