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gfp antibody  (Santa Cruz Biotechnology)


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    Santa Cruz Biotechnology gfp antibody
    Immunoblot estimation of <t>GFP‐hcGAS</t> in nuclear/cytosolic fractions and corresponding flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle of HEK293 cells cultured in low or high density. Lamin B and α‐tubulin are nuclear and cytosolic markers, respectively. Immunoblot estimation of GFP‐hcGAS in nuclear/cytosolic fractions and corresponding flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle of HEK293 cells cultured with or without serum. Lamin B and α‐tubulin are nuclear and cytosolic markers, respectively. Immunoblot estimation of GFP‐hcGAS in nuclear/cytosolic fractions and corresponding flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle of HEK293 cells cultured with or without aphidicolin. Lamin B and α‐tubulin are nuclear and cytosolic markers, <t>respectively.</t> <t>cGAS</t> in nuclear/cytosolic fractions of indicated cell types. Source data are available online for this figure.
    Gfp Antibody, supplied by Santa Cruz Biotechnology, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 7919 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/single-cell+spatial+transcriptomics+data/GFP+Antibody/pmc06826206-169-5-9
    Average 96 stars, based on 7919 article reviews
    gfp antibody - by Bioz Stars, 2026-11
    96/100 stars

    Images

    1) Product Images from "Chromatin‐bound cGAS is an inhibitor of DNA repair and hence accelerates genome destabilization and cell death"

    Article Title: Chromatin‐bound cGAS is an inhibitor of DNA repair and hence accelerates genome destabilization and cell death

    Journal: The EMBO Journal

    doi: 10.15252/embj.2019102718

    Immunoblot estimation of GFP‐hcGAS in nuclear/cytosolic fractions and corresponding flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle of HEK293 cells cultured in low or high density. Lamin B and α‐tubulin are nuclear and cytosolic markers, respectively. Immunoblot estimation of GFP‐hcGAS in nuclear/cytosolic fractions and corresponding flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle of HEK293 cells cultured with or without serum. Lamin B and α‐tubulin are nuclear and cytosolic markers, respectively. Immunoblot estimation of GFP‐hcGAS in nuclear/cytosolic fractions and corresponding flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle of HEK293 cells cultured with or without aphidicolin. Lamin B and α‐tubulin are nuclear and cytosolic markers, respectively. cGAS in nuclear/cytosolic fractions of indicated cell types. Source data are available online for this figure.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Immunoblot estimation of GFP‐hcGAS in nuclear/cytosolic fractions and corresponding flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle of HEK293 cells cultured in low or high density. Lamin B and α‐tubulin are nuclear and cytosolic markers, respectively. Immunoblot estimation of GFP‐hcGAS in nuclear/cytosolic fractions and corresponding flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle of HEK293 cells cultured with or without serum. Lamin B and α‐tubulin are nuclear and cytosolic markers, respectively. Immunoblot estimation of GFP‐hcGAS in nuclear/cytosolic fractions and corresponding flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle of HEK293 cells cultured with or without aphidicolin. Lamin B and α‐tubulin are nuclear and cytosolic markers, respectively. cGAS in nuclear/cytosolic fractions of indicated cell types. Source data are available online for this figure.

    Techniques Used: Western Blot, Cell Culture

    A Fluorescence images of GFP‐hcGAS, GFP‐hcGASΔcGAMP, GFP‐hcGASΔDNA, and GFP‐hcGASΔOligo in HEK293 cells cultured with or without aphidicolin. Scale bar: 20 μm. B Corresponding quantification of (A). The nuclear cGAS/total cGAS was calculated from 6 different fields with n > 50 cells. C, D A nuclear export signaling (NES) is not sufficient to dislodge chromatin‐bound cGAS from the nucleus. (C) Fluorescence images of GFP‐hcGAS, GFP‐hcGAS‐NLS, and GFP‐hcGAS‐NES in HEK293 cells. Scale bar: 10 μm. (D) Immunoblots of subcellular fractions of GFP‐hCGAS‐, GFP‐hCGAS‐NLS‐, and GFP‐hCGAS‐NES‐expressing HEK293 cells. Data information: Data are presented as means ± SEM. Statistical significance was assessed using one‐way ANOVA followed by Sidak's post‐test. NS: P > 0.05 and **** P ≤ 0.0001. Source data are available online for this figure.
    Figure Legend Snippet: A Fluorescence images of GFP‐hcGAS, GFP‐hcGASΔcGAMP, GFP‐hcGASΔDNA, and GFP‐hcGASΔOligo in HEK293 cells cultured with or without aphidicolin. Scale bar: 20 μm. B Corresponding quantification of (A). The nuclear cGAS/total cGAS was calculated from 6 different fields with n > 50 cells. C, D A nuclear export signaling (NES) is not sufficient to dislodge chromatin‐bound cGAS from the nucleus. (C) Fluorescence images of GFP‐hcGAS, GFP‐hcGAS‐NLS, and GFP‐hcGAS‐NES in HEK293 cells. Scale bar: 10 μm. (D) Immunoblots of subcellular fractions of GFP‐hCGAS‐, GFP‐hCGAS‐NLS‐, and GFP‐hCGAS‐NES‐expressing HEK293 cells. Data information: Data are presented as means ± SEM. Statistical significance was assessed using one‐way ANOVA followed by Sidak's post‐test. NS: P > 0.05 and **** P ≤ 0.0001. Source data are available online for this figure.

    Techniques Used: Fluorescence, Cell Culture, Western Blot, Expressing

    A, B Micronuclei (indicated by arrowhead) in GFP‐NLS‐ or GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing HEK293 cells before (0 h) or 24 h after γ‐irradiation (IR; 10 Gy). Scale bar: 10 μm (A). (B) The average MNs/cell. Graphs show mean ± SEM ( n = 3 independent experiments) representing six different microscopic fields with over 200 cells. C IFNB1 response in HEK293 cells stimulated with transfected plasmid DNA. Mean ± SEM of n = 3 independent experiments. D Experimental outline for micronucleus generation and cell death after γ‐irradiation. E Micronucleus (indicated by arrowhead) and cGAS staining in WT and cGAS −/− BMDMos exposed to γ‐irradiation (10 Gy). Scale bar: 10 μm. F Average MNs/cell in BMDMos. MN graphs show mean ± SEM ( n = 3 independent experiments) representing eight different microscopic fields with over 200 cells. G Cell death in WT and cGAS −/− BMDMos that were first synchronized at G2/M, then γ‐irradiated (10 Gy) followed by release and analysis at indicated time points. Mean ± SD, x biological triplicates ( n = 3) per treatment group are shown. Data information: Statistical significance in (B), (C), and (F) was assessed using unpaired two‐tailed Student's t ‐test. *** P ≤ 0.001 and **** P ≤ 0.0001. Statistical significance in (G) was assessed using two‐way ANOVA test, **** P < 0.0001. Source data are available online for this figure.
    Figure Legend Snippet: A, B Micronuclei (indicated by arrowhead) in GFP‐NLS‐ or GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing HEK293 cells before (0 h) or 24 h after γ‐irradiation (IR; 10 Gy). Scale bar: 10 μm (A). (B) The average MNs/cell. Graphs show mean ± SEM ( n = 3 independent experiments) representing six different microscopic fields with over 200 cells. C IFNB1 response in HEK293 cells stimulated with transfected plasmid DNA. Mean ± SEM of n = 3 independent experiments. D Experimental outline for micronucleus generation and cell death after γ‐irradiation. E Micronucleus (indicated by arrowhead) and cGAS staining in WT and cGAS −/− BMDMos exposed to γ‐irradiation (10 Gy). Scale bar: 10 μm. F Average MNs/cell in BMDMos. MN graphs show mean ± SEM ( n = 3 independent experiments) representing eight different microscopic fields with over 200 cells. G Cell death in WT and cGAS −/− BMDMos that were first synchronized at G2/M, then γ‐irradiated (10 Gy) followed by release and analysis at indicated time points. Mean ± SD, x biological triplicates ( n = 3) per treatment group are shown. Data information: Statistical significance in (B), (C), and (F) was assessed using unpaired two‐tailed Student's t ‐test. *** P ≤ 0.001 and **** P ≤ 0.0001. Statistical significance in (G) was assessed using two‐way ANOVA test, **** P < 0.0001. Source data are available online for this figure.

    Techniques Used: Expressing, Irradiation, Transfection, Plasmid Preparation, Staining, Two Tailed Test

    A Pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis analysis of γ‐irradiated (10 Gy) WT and cGAS −/− BMDMos. B, C Comet assay in GFP‐NLS‐ and GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing HEK293T cells γ‐irradiated (IR: 10 Gy) for 15 min (B). RT–PCR analysis of IFNB1 response in GFP‐NLS‐ or GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing HEK293T cells stimulated with transfected DNA for 6 h (C). D, E Comet assay of HEK293 cells stimulated with 10 μg/ml cGAMP for indicate periods, then γ‐irradiated and incubated at 37°C for indicated duration (D). (E) Immunoblots of IRF3 phosphorylation in HEK293 cells treated as in (D). F–H Images (F) and quantifications (G) of comet tails 15 min after irradiation of GFP‐NLS‐, GFP‐hcGAS‐, and GFP‐hcGASΔcGAMP‐expressing HEK293 cells. RT–PCR analysis of IFNB1 response in GFP‐NLS‐ or GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing HEK293 cells stimulated with transfected 23 DNA for 6 h (H). I, J Images (I) and quantifications (J) of micronuclei in GFP‐NLS‐ and GFP‐hcGASΔcGAMP‐expressing HEK293 cells 24 h after γ‐irradiation (IR; 10 Gy). DAPI (DNA). Scale bar: 10 μm. Each data set bar comet graph was calculated from six different microscopic fields with over 200 cells. K Quantifications of comet tails 15 min after irradiation (10 Gy) of GFP‐NLS‐, GFP‐hcGAS‐, or GFP‐mcGAS‐expressing HEK293 cells. Each data set bar comet graph was calculated from six different microscopic fields with over 200 cells. Data information: Statistical significance was assessed using one‐way ANOVA followed by Sidak's post‐test. NS P > 0.05, *** P ≤ 0.001, and **** P ≤ 0.0001. Mean ± SEM of n = 3 independent experiments. Source data are available online for this figure.
    Figure Legend Snippet: A Pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis analysis of γ‐irradiated (10 Gy) WT and cGAS −/− BMDMos. B, C Comet assay in GFP‐NLS‐ and GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing HEK293T cells γ‐irradiated (IR: 10 Gy) for 15 min (B). RT–PCR analysis of IFNB1 response in GFP‐NLS‐ or GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing HEK293T cells stimulated with transfected DNA for 6 h (C). D, E Comet assay of HEK293 cells stimulated with 10 μg/ml cGAMP for indicate periods, then γ‐irradiated and incubated at 37°C for indicated duration (D). (E) Immunoblots of IRF3 phosphorylation in HEK293 cells treated as in (D). F–H Images (F) and quantifications (G) of comet tails 15 min after irradiation of GFP‐NLS‐, GFP‐hcGAS‐, and GFP‐hcGASΔcGAMP‐expressing HEK293 cells. RT–PCR analysis of IFNB1 response in GFP‐NLS‐ or GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing HEK293 cells stimulated with transfected 23 DNA for 6 h (H). I, J Images (I) and quantifications (J) of micronuclei in GFP‐NLS‐ and GFP‐hcGASΔcGAMP‐expressing HEK293 cells 24 h after γ‐irradiation (IR; 10 Gy). DAPI (DNA). Scale bar: 10 μm. Each data set bar comet graph was calculated from six different microscopic fields with over 200 cells. K Quantifications of comet tails 15 min after irradiation (10 Gy) of GFP‐NLS‐, GFP‐hcGAS‐, or GFP‐mcGAS‐expressing HEK293 cells. Each data set bar comet graph was calculated from six different microscopic fields with over 200 cells. Data information: Statistical significance was assessed using one‐way ANOVA followed by Sidak's post‐test. NS P > 0.05, *** P ≤ 0.001, and **** P ≤ 0.0001. Mean ± SEM of n = 3 independent experiments. Source data are available online for this figure.

    Techniques Used: Pulsed-Field Gel, Electrophoresis, Irradiation, Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis, Expressing, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Transfection, Incubation, Western Blot, Phospho-proteomics

    A Reporter assays showing the effect of NLS and NES on cGAS‐mediated inhibition of DNA repair. B Both full‐length hcGAS and hcGAS cat (161–522aa) inhibit HR repair. C–E cGAS does not impede ATM activation. ATM phosphorylation in γ‐irradiated (10 Gy) GFP‐NLS‐ and GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing HEK293T cells (C), GFP‐NLS‐, GFP‐hcGAS‐, and GFP‐hcGASΔcGAMP‐expressing HEK293 cells (D), or γ‐irradiated (2.5 Gy) WT, cGAS −/− , and Sting −/− BMDMos (E). Data information: Data are means ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was assessed using one‐way ANOVA followed by Sidak's post‐test. *** P < 0.001 **** P < 0.0001, NS: P > 0.05. Source data are available online for this figure.
    Figure Legend Snippet: A Reporter assays showing the effect of NLS and NES on cGAS‐mediated inhibition of DNA repair. B Both full‐length hcGAS and hcGAS cat (161–522aa) inhibit HR repair. C–E cGAS does not impede ATM activation. ATM phosphorylation in γ‐irradiated (10 Gy) GFP‐NLS‐ and GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing HEK293T cells (C), GFP‐NLS‐, GFP‐hcGAS‐, and GFP‐hcGASΔcGAMP‐expressing HEK293 cells (D), or γ‐irradiated (2.5 Gy) WT, cGAS −/− , and Sting −/− BMDMos (E). Data information: Data are means ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was assessed using one‐way ANOVA followed by Sidak's post‐test. *** P < 0.001 **** P < 0.0001, NS: P > 0.05. Source data are available online for this figure.

    Techniques Used: Inhibition, Activation Assay, Phospho-proteomics, Irradiation, Expressing

    A cGAS is not recruited to DSB sites: Confocal microscopic images of GFP‐NLS‐ or GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing U2OS‐DSB reporter cells incubated (or not) with Shield‐1 and 4‐OHT to induce the expression and translocation of mCherry‐LacI‐FokI (red) to specific DSB sites. Scale bar: 10 μm. The arrowheads indicate DSB sites. B cGAS does not co‐localize with γ‐H2AX at DSB sites: GFP‐NLS‐ or GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing HEK293 cells exposed (or not) to γ‐irradiation (IR: 10 Gy), then stained for γ‐H2AX. Scale bar: 10 μm. C, D Nuclear cGAS is mainly chromatin‐bound and remains unaltered upon γ‐irradiation. (C) Cytosolic (cyto) and nuclear fractions of γ‐irradiated (10 Gy, 30 min) BMDMos analyzed for cGAS and indicated molecules. (D) Cytosolic, soluble nuclear, and chromatin fractions from BMDMos were immunoblotted for cGAS and indicated proteins. E–G cGAS co‐isolates with DNA repair proteins because of bound chromatin bridges. (E) Nuclease digestion abrogates the co‐isolation of cGAS and DNA repair proteins: Lysates of control (−IR) and γ‐irradiated (+IR, 10 Gy, 30 min) GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing HEK293 cells were treated (or not) with benzonase before cGAS immunoprecipitation and analysis for indicated proteins. (F) Agarose gel analysis of DNA in corresponding cell lysates in (E). (G) Co‐isolation of cGAS and DNA repair proteins depends on its binding to DNA: cGAS pulldowns along with lysate inputs of control and γ‐irradiated HEK293 cells expressing GFP‐hcGAS or GFP‐hcGASΔDNA probed for indicated proteins. Source data are available online for this figure.
    Figure Legend Snippet: A cGAS is not recruited to DSB sites: Confocal microscopic images of GFP‐NLS‐ or GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing U2OS‐DSB reporter cells incubated (or not) with Shield‐1 and 4‐OHT to induce the expression and translocation of mCherry‐LacI‐FokI (red) to specific DSB sites. Scale bar: 10 μm. The arrowheads indicate DSB sites. B cGAS does not co‐localize with γ‐H2AX at DSB sites: GFP‐NLS‐ or GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing HEK293 cells exposed (or not) to γ‐irradiation (IR: 10 Gy), then stained for γ‐H2AX. Scale bar: 10 μm. C, D Nuclear cGAS is mainly chromatin‐bound and remains unaltered upon γ‐irradiation. (C) Cytosolic (cyto) and nuclear fractions of γ‐irradiated (10 Gy, 30 min) BMDMos analyzed for cGAS and indicated molecules. (D) Cytosolic, soluble nuclear, and chromatin fractions from BMDMos were immunoblotted for cGAS and indicated proteins. E–G cGAS co‐isolates with DNA repair proteins because of bound chromatin bridges. (E) Nuclease digestion abrogates the co‐isolation of cGAS and DNA repair proteins: Lysates of control (−IR) and γ‐irradiated (+IR, 10 Gy, 30 min) GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing HEK293 cells were treated (or not) with benzonase before cGAS immunoprecipitation and analysis for indicated proteins. (F) Agarose gel analysis of DNA in corresponding cell lysates in (E). (G) Co‐isolation of cGAS and DNA repair proteins depends on its binding to DNA: cGAS pulldowns along with lysate inputs of control and γ‐irradiated HEK293 cells expressing GFP‐hcGAS or GFP‐hcGASΔDNA probed for indicated proteins. Source data are available online for this figure.

    Techniques Used: Expressing, Incubation, Translocation Assay, Irradiation, Staining, Isolation, Control, Immunoprecipitation, Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, Binding Assay

    Confocal images of γ‐irradiated GFP‐NLS‐ and GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing HEK293 cells stained for RAD51 (red) with or without γ‐irradiation. Scale bar: 10 μm. Schematics of the D‐loop formation assay, including pre‐incubation of template dsDNA with cGAS cat (i) or with cGAS cat being added after RAD51 was bound to dsDNA (ii). Pre‐incubation of dsDNA with mcGAS cat prevents D‐loop formation by human RAD51, but does not affect the RAD1 activity once RAD51 filaments are bound to dsDNA. The percentage of D‐loop formed in each reaction (left) was graphed as the average of triplicates ± SD. Schematics of the D‐loop assay. Pre‐incubation of template dsDNA with hcGAS cat blocks subsequent D‐loop formation. The percentage of D‐loop formation (below) was graphed as the average of triplicates ± SD. Data information: Unpaired two‐tailed Student's t ‐test was used for statistical analyses. NS P > 0.05, * P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01, *** P ≤ 0.001, **** P ≤ 0.0001. Source data are available online for this figure.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Confocal images of γ‐irradiated GFP‐NLS‐ and GFP‐hcGAS‐expressing HEK293 cells stained for RAD51 (red) with or without γ‐irradiation. Scale bar: 10 μm. Schematics of the D‐loop formation assay, including pre‐incubation of template dsDNA with cGAS cat (i) or with cGAS cat being added after RAD51 was bound to dsDNA (ii). Pre‐incubation of dsDNA with mcGAS cat prevents D‐loop formation by human RAD51, but does not affect the RAD1 activity once RAD51 filaments are bound to dsDNA. The percentage of D‐loop formed in each reaction (left) was graphed as the average of triplicates ± SD. Schematics of the D‐loop assay. Pre‐incubation of template dsDNA with hcGAS cat blocks subsequent D‐loop formation. The percentage of D‐loop formation (below) was graphed as the average of triplicates ± SD. Data information: Unpaired two‐tailed Student's t ‐test was used for statistical analyses. NS P > 0.05, * P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01, *** P ≤ 0.001, **** P ≤ 0.0001. Source data are available online for this figure.

    Techniques Used: Irradiation, Expressing, Staining, Tube Formation Assay, Incubation, Activity Assay, Two Tailed Test

    Negative‐stain electron micrographs of cGAS‐dsDNA complexes following incubation of dsDNA with indicated cGAS variants. Scale bar: 100 nm. Effect of indicated hcGAS variants on D‐loop formation when pre‐incubated with dsDNA. Percentage of D‐loop formed in each reaction (left) graphed as the average of triplicates ± SD. Overview of a single 1:1 hcGAS‐DNA complex depicting the location of the Y215 within the cGAS‐dsDNA interface. DR‐GFP assay showing that hcGASΔDNA‐Y215E is impaired in HR inhibition. hcGASΔDNA‐Y215E but not hcGASΔcGAMP has a decreased affinity to dsDNA24. hcGASΔDNA‐Y215E and hcGASΔcGAMP are defective in synthase activity. Negative‐stain electron micrographs showing that hcGAScat‐ΔDNA‐Y215E is defective in inducing cGAS‐dsDNA complexes. Scale bar: 100 nm. Effect of indicated hcGAS variants on D‐loop formation. Data information: Data are means ± SD, n = 3. Unpaired Student's t ‐test was used for statistical analyses: NS P > 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01, *** P ≤ 0.001, and **** P ≤ 0.0001. Source data are available online for this figure.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Negative‐stain electron micrographs of cGAS‐dsDNA complexes following incubation of dsDNA with indicated cGAS variants. Scale bar: 100 nm. Effect of indicated hcGAS variants on D‐loop formation when pre‐incubated with dsDNA. Percentage of D‐loop formed in each reaction (left) graphed as the average of triplicates ± SD. Overview of a single 1:1 hcGAS‐DNA complex depicting the location of the Y215 within the cGAS‐dsDNA interface. DR‐GFP assay showing that hcGASΔDNA‐Y215E is impaired in HR inhibition. hcGASΔDNA‐Y215E but not hcGASΔcGAMP has a decreased affinity to dsDNA24. hcGASΔDNA‐Y215E and hcGASΔcGAMP are defective in synthase activity. Negative‐stain electron micrographs showing that hcGAScat‐ΔDNA‐Y215E is defective in inducing cGAS‐dsDNA complexes. Scale bar: 100 nm. Effect of indicated hcGAS variants on D‐loop formation. Data information: Data are means ± SD, n = 3. Unpaired Student's t ‐test was used for statistical analyses: NS P > 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01, *** P ≤ 0.001, and **** P ≤ 0.0001. Source data are available online for this figure.

    Techniques Used: Staining, Incubation, Inhibition, Activity Assay

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REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Antibodies Mouse monoclonal anti-APOB clone C1.4 Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-13538; RRID:AB_626690 Mouse monoclonal anti-Rab7 (E9O7E) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 95746; RRID:AB_2800252 Rabbit monoclonal anti-Rab7 (D95F2) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 9367; RRID:AB_1904103 Mouse monoclonal anti-GFP clone B2 Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-9996; RRID:AB_627695 Mouse monoclonal anti-FLAG-M2 Sigma-Aldrich Cat# F3165; RRID:AB_259529 Mouse monoclonal anti-HA-Tag (6E2) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 2367; RRID:AB_10691311 Rabbit monoclonal anti-HA-Tag (C29F4) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3724; RRID:AB_1549585 Rabbit monoclonal anti-GST-Tag (91G1) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 2625; RRID:AB_490796 Rabbit monoclonal anti-β-Actin (13E5) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 4970; RRID:AB_2223172 Rabbit polyclonal anti-VAPA (VAP-33) Bethyl Laboratories Cat# A304-366A; RRID:AB_2620561 Rabbit polyclonal anti-VAPB Bethyl Laboratories Cat# A302-894A; RRID:AB_10663774 Rabbit monoclonal anti-STING (D2P2F) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 13647; RRID:AB_2732796 Rabbit monoclonal anti-IRF-3 (D83B9) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 4302; RRID:AB_1904036 Rabbit monoclonal anti-phospho-IRF-3 (Ser386) (E7J8G) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 37829; RRID:AB_2799121 Rabbit monoclonal anti-TBK1/NAK (D1B4) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3504; RRID:AB_2255663 Rabbit monoclonal anti-phospho-TBK1/NAK (Ser172) (D52C2) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 5483; RRID:AB_10693472 Rabbit monoclonal anti-NF-κB p65 (D14E12) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 8242; RRID:AB_10859369 Rabbit monoclonal anti-phosphoNF-κB p65 (Ser536) (93H1) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3033; RRID:AB_331284 Rabbit monoclonal anti-GM130 (D6B1) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 12480; RRID:AB_2797933 Sheep polyclonal anti-TGN46 Bio-Rad Laboratories Cat# AHP500GT; RRID:AB_2203291 Rabbit monoclonal anti-LAMP1 (D2D11) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 9091; RRID:AB_2687579 Rabbit polyclonal anti-RAB5 Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3547; RRID:AB_2300649 Rabbit monoclonal anti-EEA1 (C45B10) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3288; RRID:AB_2096811 Rabbit polyclonal anti-SEC31A Proteintech Cat# 17913-1-AP; RRID:AB_2186378 Rabbit monoclonal anti-LC3B (D11) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3868; RRID:AB_2137707 Goat poly polyclonal anti-human Albumin Bethyl Laboratories Cat# A80-229A; RRID:AB_67018 Mouse monoclonal anti-HNF4A Abcam Cat# ab41898; RRID:AB_732976 Rabbit polyclonal anti-PtdIns(4)P IgM Echelon Bioscience Cat# Z-P004; RRID:AB_11127796 Bacterial and virus strains NEB 5-alpha Competent E. coli (High Efficiency) New England BioLabs Cat# C2987H BL21 (DE3) E. coli New England BioLabs Cat# C2527H Biological samples Liver tissue samples from patients with MASH UCSF Department of Pathology N/A Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins Recombinant human insulin GeminiBio Cat# 800–112P–100 Recombinant human FGFb Peprotech Cat# 100-18B Recombinant human BMP4 Peprotech Cat# 120-05ET Activin A StemCell Technologies Cat# 78001 Recombinant human HGF Peprotech Cat# 100–39 Recombinant human Oncostatin M Peprotech Cat# 300–10 CHIR99021 StemCell Technologies Cat# 72054 (Continued on next page) 18 Cell Reports 45, 118116, October 27, 2026 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Dexamethasone Sigma-Aldrich Cat# D4902 1-Thioglycerol Sigma-Aldrich Cat# M6145 PI103 MedChemExpress Cat# HY-10115 Sodium butyrate TCI Chemicals Cat# S0519 Y-27632 Tocris Cat# 1254 Non-essential amino acids (NEAA) Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 11140050 Biotin Sigma-Aldrich Cat# B4639 ADU-S100 MedChemExpress Cat# HY-12885 Oleic acid Sigma-Aldrich Cat# O1383 Polybrene Sigma-Aldrich Cat# H9268 DMEM medium Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 10569044 RPMI 1640 medium Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 11875093 mTeSR1 medium StemCell Technologies Cat# 85850 Hepatocyte Culture Medium (HCM) Lonza Cat# 185389 Opti-MEM medium Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 31985070 KnockOut DMEM medium Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 10829018 KnockOut Serum Replacement (KSR) Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 10828028 Gem21 without insulin GeminiBio Cat# 400–962 GlutaMAX Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 35050061 Cultrex Reduced Growth Factor Basement Membrane Extract (RGF-BME) R&D Systems Cat# 3433–001 Type I Collagen Corning Cat# 354249 IPTG Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 15529019 Halt protease inhibitor cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 78429 Halt phosphatase inhibitor cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 78420 Dynabeads protein G Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 10003D Glutathione Agarose Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 21516 LipidTOX Green Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# H34475 Lipofectamine 3000 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# L3000001 Lipofectamine RNAiMAX Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 13778150 Critical commercial assays Triglycerides Liquid Stable Reagent Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# TR22421 PureLink RNA Mini Kit Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 12183025 qScript cDNA SuperMix Quantabio Cat# 95048 SYBR Green PCR Master Mix Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 4309155 PureLink Genomic DNA Mini Kit Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# K182001 HiFi DNA assembly kit New England BioLabs Cat# E2621 Pierce GST Protein Interaction Pull-Down Kit Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 21516 MycoAlert Mycoplasma Detection Kit Lonza Cat# LT07-318 Experimental models: Cell lines HEK293T ATCC Cat# CRL-3216 HepG2 ATCC Cat# HB-8065 Huh7 Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources Cell Bank Cat# JCRB0403 Healthy donor iPSC line CIRM iPSC repository at Fujifilm Cellular Dynamics N/A Same healthy donor iPSC line with TM6SF2 E167K gene edit Synthego N/A (Continued on next page) Cell Reports 45, 118116, October 27, 2026 19

    Tissue:

    Article Title: TM6SF2 acts at ER membrane contact sites to enable RAB7-dependent endolysosomal VLDL secretion and maintain Golgi structure.
    Article Snippet: .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Antibodies Mouse monoclonal anti-APOB clone C1.4 Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-13538; RRID:AB_626690 Mouse monoclonal anti-Rab7 (E9O7E) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 95746; RRID:AB_2800252 Rabbit monoclonal anti-Rab7 (D95F2) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 9367; RRID:AB_1904103 Mouse monoclonal anti-GFP clone B2 Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-9996; RRID:AB_627695 Mouse monoclonal anti-FLAG-M2 Sigma-Aldrich Cat# F3165; RRID:AB_259529 Mouse monoclonal anti-HA-Tag (6E2) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 2367; RRID:AB_10691311 Rabbit monoclonal anti-HA-Tag (C29F4) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3724; RRID:AB_1549585 Rabbit monoclonal anti-GST-Tag (91G1) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 2625; RRID:AB_490796 Rabbit monoclonal anti-β-Actin (13E5) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 4970; RRID:AB_2223172 Rabbit polyclonal anti-VAPA (VAP-33) Bethyl Laboratories Cat# A304-366A; RRID:AB_2620561 Rabbit polyclonal anti-VAPB Bethyl Laboratories Cat# A302-894A; RRID:AB_10663774 Rabbit monoclonal anti-STING (D2P2F) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 13647; RRID:AB_2732796 Rabbit monoclonal anti-IRF-3 (D83B9) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 4302; RRID:AB_1904036 Rabbit monoclonal anti-phospho-IRF-3 (Ser386) (E7J8G) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 37829; RRID:AB_2799121 Rabbit monoclonal anti-TBK1/NAK (D1B4) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3504; RRID:AB_2255663 Rabbit monoclonal anti-phospho-TBK1/NAK (Ser172) (D52C2) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 5483; RRID:AB_10693472 Rabbit monoclonal anti-NF-κB p65 (D14E12) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 8242; RRID:AB_10859369 Rabbit monoclonal anti-phosphoNF-κB p65 (Ser536) (93H1) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3033; RRID:AB_331284 Rabbit monoclonal anti-GM130 (D6B1) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 12480; RRID:AB_2797933 Sheep polyclonal anti-TGN46 Bio-Rad Laboratories Cat# AHP500GT; RRID:AB_2203291 Rabbit monoclonal anti-LAMP1 (D2D11) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 9091; RRID:AB_2687579 Rabbit polyclonal anti-RAB5 Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3547; RRID:AB_2300649 Rabbit monoclonal anti-EEA1 (C45B10) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3288; RRID:AB_2096811 Rabbit polyclonal anti-SEC31A Proteintech Cat# 17913-1-AP; RRID:AB_2186378 Rabbit monoclonal anti-LC3B (D11) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3868; RRID:AB_2137707 Goat poly polyclonal anti-human Albumin Bethyl Laboratories Cat# A80-229A; RRID:AB_67018 Mouse monoclonal anti-HNF4A Abcam Cat# ab41898; RRID:AB_732976 Rabbit polyclonal anti-PtdIns(4)P IgM Echelon Bioscience Cat# Z-P004; RRID:AB_11127796 Bacterial and virus strains NEB 5-alpha Competent E. coli (High Efficiency) New England BioLabs Cat# C2987H BL21 (DE3) E. coli New England BioLabs Cat# C2527H Biological samples Liver tissue samples from patients with MASH UCSF Department of Pathology N/A Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins Recombinant human insulin GeminiBio Cat# 800–112P–100 Recombinant human FGFb Peprotech Cat# 100-18B Recombinant human BMP4 Peprotech Cat# 120-05ET Activin A StemCell Technologies Cat# 78001 Recombinant human HGF Peprotech Cat# 100–39 Recombinant human Oncostatin M Peprotech Cat# 300–10 CHIR99021 StemCell Technologies Cat# 72054 (Continued on next page) 18 Cell Reports 45, 118116, October 27, 2026 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Dexamethasone Sigma-Aldrich Cat# D4902 1-Thioglycerol Sigma-Aldrich Cat# M6145 PI103 MedChemExpress Cat# HY-10115 Sodium butyrate TCI Chemicals Cat# S0519 Y-27632 Tocris Cat# 1254 Non-essential amino acids (NEAA) Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 11140050 Biotin Sigma-Aldrich Cat# B4639 ADU-S100 MedChemExpress Cat# HY-12885 Oleic acid Sigma-Aldrich Cat# O1383 Polybrene Sigma-Aldrich Cat# H9268 DMEM medium Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 10569044 RPMI 1640 medium Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 11875093 mTeSR1 medium StemCell Technologies Cat# 85850 Hepatocyte Culture Medium (HCM) Lonza Cat# 185389 Opti-MEM medium Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 31985070 KnockOut DMEM medium Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 10829018 KnockOut Serum Replacement (KSR) Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 10828028 Gem21 without insulin GeminiBio Cat# 400–962 GlutaMAX Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 35050061 Cultrex Reduced Growth Factor Basement Membrane Extract (RGF-BME) R&D Systems Cat# 3433–001 Type I Collagen Corning Cat# 354249 IPTG Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 15529019 Halt protease inhibitor cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 78429 Halt phosphatase inhibitor cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 78420 Dynabeads protein G Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 10003D Glutathione Agarose Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 21516 LipidTOX Green Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# H34475 Lipofectamine 3000 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# L3000001 Lipofectamine RNAiMAX Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 13778150 Critical commercial assays Triglycerides Liquid Stable Reagent Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# TR22421 PureLink RNA Mini Kit Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 12183025 qScript cDNA SuperMix Quantabio Cat# 95048 SYBR Green PCR Master Mix Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 4309155 PureLink Genomic DNA Mini Kit Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# K182001 HiFi DNA assembly kit New England BioLabs Cat# E2621 Pierce GST Protein Interaction Pull-Down Kit Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 21516 MycoAlert Mycoplasma Detection Kit Lonza Cat# LT07-318 Experimental models: Cell lines HEK293T ATCC Cat# CRL-3216 HepG2 ATCC Cat# HB-8065 Huh7 Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources Cell Bank Cat# JCRB0403 Healthy donor iPSC line CIRM iPSC repository at Fujifilm Cellular Dynamics N/A Same healthy donor iPSC line with TM6SF2 E167K gene edit Synthego N/A (Continued on next page) Cell Reports 45, 118116, October 27, 2026 19

    Pathology:

    Article Title: TM6SF2 acts at ER membrane contact sites to enable RAB7-dependent endolysosomal VLDL secretion and maintain Golgi structure.
    Article Snippet: .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Antibodies Mouse monoclonal anti-APOB clone C1.4 Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-13538; RRID:AB_626690 Mouse monoclonal anti-Rab7 (E9O7E) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 95746; RRID:AB_2800252 Rabbit monoclonal anti-Rab7 (D95F2) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 9367; RRID:AB_1904103 Mouse monoclonal anti-GFP clone B2 Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-9996; RRID:AB_627695 Mouse monoclonal anti-FLAG-M2 Sigma-Aldrich Cat# F3165; RRID:AB_259529 Mouse monoclonal anti-HA-Tag (6E2) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 2367; RRID:AB_10691311 Rabbit monoclonal anti-HA-Tag (C29F4) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3724; RRID:AB_1549585 Rabbit monoclonal anti-GST-Tag (91G1) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 2625; RRID:AB_490796 Rabbit monoclonal anti-β-Actin (13E5) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 4970; RRID:AB_2223172 Rabbit polyclonal anti-VAPA (VAP-33) Bethyl Laboratories Cat# A304-366A; RRID:AB_2620561 Rabbit polyclonal anti-VAPB Bethyl Laboratories Cat# A302-894A; RRID:AB_10663774 Rabbit monoclonal anti-STING (D2P2F) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 13647; RRID:AB_2732796 Rabbit monoclonal anti-IRF-3 (D83B9) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 4302; RRID:AB_1904036 Rabbit monoclonal anti-phospho-IRF-3 (Ser386) (E7J8G) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 37829; RRID:AB_2799121 Rabbit monoclonal anti-TBK1/NAK (D1B4) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3504; RRID:AB_2255663 Rabbit monoclonal anti-phospho-TBK1/NAK (Ser172) (D52C2) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 5483; RRID:AB_10693472 Rabbit monoclonal anti-NF-κB p65 (D14E12) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 8242; RRID:AB_10859369 Rabbit monoclonal anti-phosphoNF-κB p65 (Ser536) (93H1) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3033; RRID:AB_331284 Rabbit monoclonal anti-GM130 (D6B1) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 12480; RRID:AB_2797933 Sheep polyclonal anti-TGN46 Bio-Rad Laboratories Cat# AHP500GT; RRID:AB_2203291 Rabbit monoclonal anti-LAMP1 (D2D11) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 9091; RRID:AB_2687579 Rabbit polyclonal anti-RAB5 Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3547; RRID:AB_2300649 Rabbit monoclonal anti-EEA1 (C45B10) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3288; RRID:AB_2096811 Rabbit polyclonal anti-SEC31A Proteintech Cat# 17913-1-AP; RRID:AB_2186378 Rabbit monoclonal anti-LC3B (D11) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3868; RRID:AB_2137707 Goat poly polyclonal anti-human Albumin Bethyl Laboratories Cat# A80-229A; RRID:AB_67018 Mouse monoclonal anti-HNF4A Abcam Cat# ab41898; RRID:AB_732976 Rabbit polyclonal anti-PtdIns(4)P IgM Echelon Bioscience Cat# Z-P004; RRID:AB_11127796 Bacterial and virus strains NEB 5-alpha Competent E. coli (High Efficiency) New England BioLabs Cat# C2987H BL21 (DE3) E. coli New England BioLabs Cat# C2527H Biological samples Liver tissue samples from patients with MASH UCSF Department of Pathology N/A Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins Recombinant human insulin GeminiBio Cat# 800–112P–100 Recombinant human FGFb Peprotech Cat# 100-18B Recombinant human BMP4 Peprotech Cat# 120-05ET Activin A StemCell Technologies Cat# 78001 Recombinant human HGF Peprotech Cat# 100–39 Recombinant human Oncostatin M Peprotech Cat# 300–10 CHIR99021 StemCell Technologies Cat# 72054 (Continued on next page) 18 Cell Reports 45, 118116, October 27, 2026 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Dexamethasone Sigma-Aldrich Cat# D4902 1-Thioglycerol Sigma-Aldrich Cat# M6145 PI103 MedChemExpress Cat# HY-10115 Sodium butyrate TCI Chemicals Cat# S0519 Y-27632 Tocris Cat# 1254 Non-essential amino acids (NEAA) Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 11140050 Biotin Sigma-Aldrich Cat# B4639 ADU-S100 MedChemExpress Cat# HY-12885 Oleic acid Sigma-Aldrich Cat# O1383 Polybrene Sigma-Aldrich Cat# H9268 DMEM medium Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 10569044 RPMI 1640 medium Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 11875093 mTeSR1 medium StemCell Technologies Cat# 85850 Hepatocyte Culture Medium (HCM) Lonza Cat# 185389 Opti-MEM medium Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 31985070 KnockOut DMEM medium Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 10829018 KnockOut Serum Replacement (KSR) Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 10828028 Gem21 without insulin GeminiBio Cat# 400–962 GlutaMAX Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 35050061 Cultrex Reduced Growth Factor Basement Membrane Extract (RGF-BME) R&D Systems Cat# 3433–001 Type I Collagen Corning Cat# 354249 IPTG Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 15529019 Halt protease inhibitor cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 78429 Halt phosphatase inhibitor cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 78420 Dynabeads protein G Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 10003D Glutathione Agarose Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 21516 LipidTOX Green Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# H34475 Lipofectamine 3000 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# L3000001 Lipofectamine RNAiMAX Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 13778150 Critical commercial assays Triglycerides Liquid Stable Reagent Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# TR22421 PureLink RNA Mini Kit Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 12183025 qScript cDNA SuperMix Quantabio Cat# 95048 SYBR Green PCR Master Mix Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 4309155 PureLink Genomic DNA Mini Kit Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# K182001 HiFi DNA assembly kit New England BioLabs Cat# E2621 Pierce GST Protein Interaction Pull-Down Kit Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 21516 MycoAlert Mycoplasma Detection Kit Lonza Cat# LT07-318 Experimental models: Cell lines HEK293T ATCC Cat# CRL-3216 HepG2 ATCC Cat# HB-8065 Huh7 Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources Cell Bank Cat# JCRB0403 Healthy donor iPSC line CIRM iPSC repository at Fujifilm Cellular Dynamics N/A Same healthy donor iPSC line with TM6SF2 E167K gene edit Synthego N/A (Continued on next page) Cell Reports 45, 118116, October 27, 2026 19

    Recombinant:

    Article Title: TM6SF2 acts at ER membrane contact sites to enable RAB7-dependent endolysosomal VLDL secretion and maintain Golgi structure.
    Article Snippet: .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Antibodies Mouse monoclonal anti-APOB clone C1.4 Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-13538; RRID:AB_626690 Mouse monoclonal anti-Rab7 (E9O7E) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 95746; RRID:AB_2800252 Rabbit monoclonal anti-Rab7 (D95F2) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 9367; RRID:AB_1904103 Mouse monoclonal anti-GFP clone B2 Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-9996; RRID:AB_627695 Mouse monoclonal anti-FLAG-M2 Sigma-Aldrich Cat# F3165; RRID:AB_259529 Mouse monoclonal anti-HA-Tag (6E2) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 2367; RRID:AB_10691311 Rabbit monoclonal anti-HA-Tag (C29F4) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3724; RRID:AB_1549585 Rabbit monoclonal anti-GST-Tag (91G1) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 2625; RRID:AB_490796 Rabbit monoclonal anti-β-Actin (13E5) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 4970; RRID:AB_2223172 Rabbit polyclonal anti-VAPA (VAP-33) Bethyl Laboratories Cat# A304-366A; RRID:AB_2620561 Rabbit polyclonal anti-VAPB Bethyl Laboratories Cat# A302-894A; RRID:AB_10663774 Rabbit monoclonal anti-STING (D2P2F) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 13647; RRID:AB_2732796 Rabbit monoclonal anti-IRF-3 (D83B9) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 4302; RRID:AB_1904036 Rabbit monoclonal anti-phospho-IRF-3 (Ser386) (E7J8G) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 37829; RRID:AB_2799121 Rabbit monoclonal anti-TBK1/NAK (D1B4) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3504; RRID:AB_2255663 Rabbit monoclonal anti-phospho-TBK1/NAK (Ser172) (D52C2) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 5483; RRID:AB_10693472 Rabbit monoclonal anti-NF-κB p65 (D14E12) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 8242; RRID:AB_10859369 Rabbit monoclonal anti-phosphoNF-κB p65 (Ser536) (93H1) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3033; RRID:AB_331284 Rabbit monoclonal anti-GM130 (D6B1) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 12480; RRID:AB_2797933 Sheep polyclonal anti-TGN46 Bio-Rad Laboratories Cat# AHP500GT; RRID:AB_2203291 Rabbit monoclonal anti-LAMP1 (D2D11) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 9091; RRID:AB_2687579 Rabbit polyclonal anti-RAB5 Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3547; RRID:AB_2300649 Rabbit monoclonal anti-EEA1 (C45B10) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3288; RRID:AB_2096811 Rabbit polyclonal anti-SEC31A Proteintech Cat# 17913-1-AP; RRID:AB_2186378 Rabbit monoclonal anti-LC3B (D11) Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 3868; RRID:AB_2137707 Goat poly polyclonal anti-human Albumin Bethyl Laboratories Cat# A80-229A; RRID:AB_67018 Mouse monoclonal anti-HNF4A Abcam Cat# ab41898; RRID:AB_732976 Rabbit polyclonal anti-PtdIns(4)P IgM Echelon Bioscience Cat# Z-P004; RRID:AB_11127796 Bacterial and virus strains NEB 5-alpha Competent E. coli (High Efficiency) New England BioLabs Cat# C2987H BL21 (DE3) E. coli New England BioLabs Cat# C2527H Biological samples Liver tissue samples from patients with MASH UCSF Department of Pathology N/A Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins Recombinant human insulin GeminiBio Cat# 800–112P–100 Recombinant human FGFb Peprotech Cat# 100-18B Recombinant human BMP4 Peprotech Cat# 120-05ET Activin A StemCell Technologies Cat# 78001 Recombinant human HGF Peprotech Cat# 100–39 Recombinant human Oncostatin M Peprotech Cat# 300–10 CHIR99021 StemCell Technologies Cat# 72054 (Continued on next page) 18 Cell Reports 45, 118116, October 27, 2026 .. REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Dexamethasone Sigma-Aldrich Cat# D4902 1-Thioglycerol Sigma-Aldrich Cat# M6145 PI103 MedChemExpress Cat# HY-10115 Sodium butyrate TCI Chemicals Cat# S0519 Y-27632 Tocris Cat# 1254 Non-essential amino acids (NEAA) Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 11140050 Biotin Sigma-Aldrich Cat# B4639 ADU-S100 MedChemExpress Cat# HY-12885 Oleic acid Sigma-Aldrich Cat# O1383 Polybrene Sigma-Aldrich Cat# H9268 DMEM medium Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 10569044 RPMI 1640 medium Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 11875093 mTeSR1 medium StemCell Technologies Cat# 85850 Hepatocyte Culture Medium (HCM) Lonza Cat# 185389 Opti-MEM medium Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 31985070 KnockOut DMEM medium Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 10829018 KnockOut Serum Replacement (KSR) Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 10828028 Gem21 without insulin GeminiBio Cat# 400–962 GlutaMAX Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 35050061 Cultrex Reduced Growth Factor Basement Membrane Extract (RGF-BME) R&D Systems Cat# 3433–001 Type I Collagen Corning Cat# 354249 IPTG Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 15529019 Halt protease inhibitor cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 78429 Halt phosphatase inhibitor cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 78420 Dynabeads protein G Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 10003D Glutathione Agarose Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 21516 LipidTOX Green Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# H34475 Lipofectamine 3000 Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# L3000001 Lipofectamine RNAiMAX Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 13778150 Critical commercial assays Triglycerides Liquid Stable Reagent Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# TR22421 PureLink RNA Mini Kit Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 12183025 qScript cDNA SuperMix Quantabio Cat# 95048 SYBR Green PCR Master Mix Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 4309155 PureLink Genomic DNA Mini Kit Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# K182001 HiFi DNA assembly kit New England BioLabs Cat# E2621 Pierce GST Protein Interaction Pull-Down Kit Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 21516 MycoAlert Mycoplasma Detection Kit Lonza Cat# LT07-318 Experimental models: Cell lines HEK293T ATCC Cat# CRL-3216 HepG2 ATCC Cat# HB-8065 Huh7 Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources Cell Bank Cat# JCRB0403 Healthy donor iPSC line CIRM iPSC repository at Fujifilm Cellular Dynamics N/A Same healthy donor iPSC line with TM6SF2 E167K gene edit Synthego N/A (Continued on next page) Cell Reports 45, 118116, October 27, 2026 19



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    Spatial Transcriptomics Inc star-finder single cell and spatial transcriptomics data portal

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    (a) Simplified cross-section of the human epidermis, highlighting squamous cells, melanocytes and basal cells. Coloured regions represent cSCC (green), which originates from squamous cells, melanoma (orange), which originates from melanocytes, and BCC (blue), which originates from basal cells. Two orange melanocytes are shown in the dermal region as occurs in invasive melanoma; other cells in the lower dermis layer are not depicted. (b) Overview of sample design and technologies used to generate data for this project. ROI - region of interest; FOV - field of view; S - cSCC; B - BCC; M - melanoma; HC - healthy (cancer patient); HNC - healthy (non-cancer patient donor). Technologies included are single cell RNA sequencing for fresh samples, single nuclei sequencing for formalin-fixed samples, Visium, Xenium, CosMX, GeoMX DSP for whole transcriptome, GeoMX DSP for proteins, Polaris, RNAscope, the proximal ligation assay, spatial glycomics and CODEX.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Integrating 12 Spatial and Single Cell Technologies to Characterise Tumour Neighbourhoods and Cellular Interactions in three Skin Cancer Types

    doi: 10.1101/2025.07.25.666708

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) Simplified cross-section of the human epidermis, highlighting squamous cells, melanocytes and basal cells. Coloured regions represent cSCC (green), which originates from squamous cells, melanoma (orange), which originates from melanocytes, and BCC (blue), which originates from basal cells. Two orange melanocytes are shown in the dermal region as occurs in invasive melanoma; other cells in the lower dermis layer are not depicted. (b) Overview of sample design and technologies used to generate data for this project. ROI - region of interest; FOV - field of view; S - cSCC; B - BCC; M - melanoma; HC - healthy (cancer patient); HNC - healthy (non-cancer patient donor). Technologies included are single cell RNA sequencing for fresh samples, single nuclei sequencing for formalin-fixed samples, Visium, Xenium, CosMX, GeoMX DSP for whole transcriptome, GeoMX DSP for proteins, Polaris, RNAscope, the proximal ligation assay, spatial glycomics and CODEX.

    Article Snippet: Cells expressing the two genes are visualized on single-cell level resolution spatial data from STOmics and Curio-Seeker (Takara Bio, USA) melanoma samples and appear to be in spatial proximity ( ).

    Techniques: RNA Sequencing, Sequencing, RNAscope, Ligation

    (a) Gene specificity score (GSS) and association of spatial spots with skin cancer heritability. GSS score for each gene in a spot/cell represents the enrichment of the gene as a top rank most abundant gene in the spot/cell and its neighbour spots/cells in an anatomical region, a spatial domain, or a cell type. The p-value shows the spatial heritability enrichment significance of a spot with a trait based on SNPs mapped to the genes with high GSS scores (one-sided Z-test for stratified coefficient different to 0). The p-value is more significant if the SNPs that are mapped to the high GSS genes explain a higher proportion of heritability for the trait. (b) Cell types with the highest enrichment of heritability explained by SNPs tagged to GSS genes of cells in a cell type. The white asterisks indicate the most enriched cell-type for heritability of cutaneous melanoma, cSCC and BCC traits. (c) gsMAP significance spatial heritability enrichment is shown at single-cell resolution across the tissue (upper tissue plots) or per annotated skin regions (lower violin plots) from the cosMx data of the sample mel48974. (d) LR pairs with significant association with SNP heritability explained by the corresponding cell types. The rectangles show cases where both L and R genes had PCC >0.3 between GSS of the gene and the gsMAP P-values (the significance level for the LD stratified coefficients for the spot bigger than 0). The results suggest which LR pairs are related with the heritability of a cell type pairs. (e) GSS of two LR pairs showing specificity of the L and R genes to tissue regions at the immune-rich dermal layers and the epidermis of the skin. (f) Manhattan plot showing top significant GWAS SNPs co-localizing with genes in melanocytes (red) and T cells (blue) that had the highest Pearson correlation between GSS and the gsMAP trait association P-value or associated with SNPs with genome-wide significance. The Y-axis shows the -log(P-value) from GWAS analysis.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Integrating 12 Spatial and Single Cell Technologies to Characterise Tumour Neighbourhoods and Cellular Interactions in three Skin Cancer Types

    doi: 10.1101/2025.07.25.666708

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) Gene specificity score (GSS) and association of spatial spots with skin cancer heritability. GSS score for each gene in a spot/cell represents the enrichment of the gene as a top rank most abundant gene in the spot/cell and its neighbour spots/cells in an anatomical region, a spatial domain, or a cell type. The p-value shows the spatial heritability enrichment significance of a spot with a trait based on SNPs mapped to the genes with high GSS scores (one-sided Z-test for stratified coefficient different to 0). The p-value is more significant if the SNPs that are mapped to the high GSS genes explain a higher proportion of heritability for the trait. (b) Cell types with the highest enrichment of heritability explained by SNPs tagged to GSS genes of cells in a cell type. The white asterisks indicate the most enriched cell-type for heritability of cutaneous melanoma, cSCC and BCC traits. (c) gsMAP significance spatial heritability enrichment is shown at single-cell resolution across the tissue (upper tissue plots) or per annotated skin regions (lower violin plots) from the cosMx data of the sample mel48974. (d) LR pairs with significant association with SNP heritability explained by the corresponding cell types. The rectangles show cases where both L and R genes had PCC >0.3 between GSS of the gene and the gsMAP P-values (the significance level for the LD stratified coefficients for the spot bigger than 0). The results suggest which LR pairs are related with the heritability of a cell type pairs. (e) GSS of two LR pairs showing specificity of the L and R genes to tissue regions at the immune-rich dermal layers and the epidermis of the skin. (f) Manhattan plot showing top significant GWAS SNPs co-localizing with genes in melanocytes (red) and T cells (blue) that had the highest Pearson correlation between GSS and the gsMAP trait association P-value or associated with SNPs with genome-wide significance. The Y-axis shows the -log(P-value) from GWAS analysis.

    Article Snippet: Cells expressing the two genes are visualized on single-cell level resolution spatial data from STOmics and Curio-Seeker (Takara Bio, USA) melanoma samples and appear to be in spatial proximity ( ).

    Techniques: Genome Wide

    Journal: Cell

    Article Title: Spatiotemporal analysis of human intestinal development at single-cell resolution

    doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.12.016

    Figure Lengend Snippet:

    Article Snippet: STAR-FINDer Single Cell and Spatial Transcriptomics Data Portal , This study , https://simmonslab.shinyapps.io/FetalAtlasDataPortal.

    Techniques: Conjugation Assay, Recombinant, Saline, Modification, Plasmid Preparation, Gene Expression, RNAscope, Generated, Software