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rat anti β1 integrin function  (Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank)


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    Structured Review

    Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank rat anti β1 integrin function
    Rat Anti β1 Integrin Function, supplied by Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 92/100, based on 19 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/integrin+beta+1+function/anti-integrin+beta-1/pmc03399788-47-0-7
    Average 92 stars, based on 19 article reviews
    rat anti β1 integrin function - by Bioz Stars, 2026-11
    92/100 stars

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    Related Articles

    Western Blot:

    Article Title: The phosphatase PPM1F, a negative regulator of integrin activity, is essential for embryonic development and controls tumor cell invasion
    Article Snippet: .. The following antibodies were used with the corresponding dilutions for western blot analysis (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP), or integrin activity assay (IA): α-Actinin (BM75.2, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), α 1 -integrin (TS2/7, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:50 IF), α 2 -integrin (6 F1, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α 3 -integrin (P1B5, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α 5 -integrin (BIIG2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:10 IF), α v -integrin (PE-P2 W7 mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, sc-9969; IF 1:300), β 1 -integrin (HMβ1-1, armenian hamster anti-mouse, Bio Legend; 1:300 IF; AIIB2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:600 IF, IA; M-106, rabbit anti-mouse/anti-human, Santa Cruz; 1:500 WB; D2E5, rabbit anti-human, Cell Signaling; 1:1000 WB), human β 1 -integrin (P5D2, mouse anti-human, DSHB, 2.5 μg IP; 9EG7, rat anti- human, DSHB 2.5 μg IP; AIIB2, rat anti-human, DSHB; 2.5 μg IP), β 3 -integrin (2 C9.G3, arm. hamster anti-mouse, eBioscience; 1:300 IF; PM6/13, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:100 IF), β 5 -integrin (KN-52, mouse anti-mouse/human, eBioscience; IF 1:300), Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) (77, mouse anti-human, BD; 1:250 WB), integrin-linked kinase (ILK) (EP1593Y, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:800 WB), Kindlin-2 (3 A3, mouse anti-human, Millipore; 1:200 WB, 1:250 IF), Laminin (ab11575, rabbit anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:300 IHC), Nestin (rat-401, anti-mouse, Millipore; IHC 1:200), Paxillin (5H11, mouse monoclonal, Thermo Scientific; 1:1000 WB), hPPM1F (17,020–1-AP, rabbit anti-human, Protein-Tech; 1:1000 WB), mPPM1F (#1147, rabbit anti-mouse PPM1F; generated at the central animal care facility; University of Konstanz; 1:200 WB; see Additional File2: Fig. S2), FilaminA (EP2405Y, IgG, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:125.000 WB), Tubulin (E7, IgG1, mouse anti-human, DSHB; 1:1000), Talin (8 d4, mouse anti-human, Thermo Scientific; 1:800 WB, 1:40 IF), Vinculin (hVIN-1, mouse anti-human, Sigma; 1:2000 WB, 1:200 IF), Zyxin (Zol301, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), Dylight488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy5-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-Armenian Hamster IgG (Jackson; 1:200), HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; WB 1:10 000), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Santa Cruz; 1:250), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; WB 1:3000), unspecific control IgG (anti-mouse, 96/1, generated at the Tierforschungsanlage; University of Konstanz; anti-rat, MJ7/18 Endoglin, DSHB). .. The B6.129P2-PPM1Ftm1Dgen/J (PPM1F ±) mouse strain was obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).

    Article Title: The phosphatase PPM1F, a negative regulator of integrin activity, is essential for embryonic development and controls tumor cell invasion.
    Article Snippet: .. The following antibodies were used with the corresponding dilutions for western blot analysis (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP), or integrin activity assay (IA): α-Actinin (BM75.2, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), α1-integrin (TS2/7, mouse anti-human/ anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:50 IF), α2-integrin (6 F1, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α3-integrin (P1B5, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α5-integrin (BIIG2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:10 IF), αv-integrin (PE-P2 W7 mouse anti-human/antimouse, sc-9969; IF 1:300), β1-integrin (HMβ1-1, armenian hamster anti-mouse, Bio Legend; 1:300 IF; AIIB2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:600 IF, IA; M-106, rabbit anti-mouse/anti-human, Santa Cruz; 1:500 WB; D2E5, rabbit anti-human, Cell Signaling; 1:1000 WB), human β1-integrin (P5D2, mouse anti-human, DSHB, 2.5 μg IP; 9EG7, rat anti- human, DSHB 2.5 μg IP; AIIB2, rat anti-human, DSHB; 2.5 μg IP), β3-integrin (2 C9.G3, arm. hamster anti-mouse, eBioscience; 1:300 IF; PM6/13, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:100 IF), β5-integrin (KN52, mouse anti-mouse/human, eBioscience; IF 1:300), Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) (77, mouse anti-human, BD; 1:250 WB), integrin-linked kinase (ILK) (EP1593Y, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:800 WB), Kindlin-2 (3 A3, mouse anti-human, Millipore; 1:200 WB, 1:250 IF), Laminin (ab11575, rabbit anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:300 IHC), Nestin (rat-401, anti-mouse, Millipore; IHC 1:200), Paxillin (5H11, mouse monoclonal, Thermo Scientific; 1:1000 WB), hPPM1F (17,020–1-AP, rabbit anti-human, Protein-Tech; 1:1000 WB), mPPM1F (#1147, rabbit antimouse PPM1F; generated at the central animal care facility; University of Konstanz; 1:200 WB; see Additional File2: Fig. S2), FilaminA (EP2405Y, IgG, rabbit antihuman, Epitomics; 1:125.000 WB), Tubulin (E7, IgG1, mouse anti-human, DSHB; 1:1000), Talin (8 d4, mouse anti-human, Thermo Scientific; 1:800 WB, 1:40 IF), Vinculin (hVIN-1, mouse anti-human, Sigma; 1:2000 WB, 1:200 IF), Zyxin (Zol301, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), Dylight488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy5-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-Armenian Hamster IgG (Jackson; 1:200), HRPconjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; WB 1:10 000), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Santa Cruz; 1:250), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; WB 1:3000), unspecific control IgG (anti-mouse, 96/1, generated at the Tierforschungsanlage; University of Konstanz; anti-rat, MJ7/18 Endoglin, DSHB). .. The B6.129P2PPM1Ftm1Dgen/J (PPM1F ±) mouse strain was obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).

    Immunofluorescence:

    Article Title: The phosphatase PPM1F, a negative regulator of integrin activity, is essential for embryonic development and controls tumor cell invasion
    Article Snippet: .. The following antibodies were used with the corresponding dilutions for western blot analysis (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP), or integrin activity assay (IA): α-Actinin (BM75.2, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), α 1 -integrin (TS2/7, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:50 IF), α 2 -integrin (6 F1, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α 3 -integrin (P1B5, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α 5 -integrin (BIIG2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:10 IF), α v -integrin (PE-P2 W7 mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, sc-9969; IF 1:300), β 1 -integrin (HMβ1-1, armenian hamster anti-mouse, Bio Legend; 1:300 IF; AIIB2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:600 IF, IA; M-106, rabbit anti-mouse/anti-human, Santa Cruz; 1:500 WB; D2E5, rabbit anti-human, Cell Signaling; 1:1000 WB), human β 1 -integrin (P5D2, mouse anti-human, DSHB, 2.5 μg IP; 9EG7, rat anti- human, DSHB 2.5 μg IP; AIIB2, rat anti-human, DSHB; 2.5 μg IP), β 3 -integrin (2 C9.G3, arm. hamster anti-mouse, eBioscience; 1:300 IF; PM6/13, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:100 IF), β 5 -integrin (KN-52, mouse anti-mouse/human, eBioscience; IF 1:300), Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) (77, mouse anti-human, BD; 1:250 WB), integrin-linked kinase (ILK) (EP1593Y, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:800 WB), Kindlin-2 (3 A3, mouse anti-human, Millipore; 1:200 WB, 1:250 IF), Laminin (ab11575, rabbit anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:300 IHC), Nestin (rat-401, anti-mouse, Millipore; IHC 1:200), Paxillin (5H11, mouse monoclonal, Thermo Scientific; 1:1000 WB), hPPM1F (17,020–1-AP, rabbit anti-human, Protein-Tech; 1:1000 WB), mPPM1F (#1147, rabbit anti-mouse PPM1F; generated at the central animal care facility; University of Konstanz; 1:200 WB; see Additional File2: Fig. S2), FilaminA (EP2405Y, IgG, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:125.000 WB), Tubulin (E7, IgG1, mouse anti-human, DSHB; 1:1000), Talin (8 d4, mouse anti-human, Thermo Scientific; 1:800 WB, 1:40 IF), Vinculin (hVIN-1, mouse anti-human, Sigma; 1:2000 WB, 1:200 IF), Zyxin (Zol301, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), Dylight488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy5-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-Armenian Hamster IgG (Jackson; 1:200), HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; WB 1:10 000), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Santa Cruz; 1:250), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; WB 1:3000), unspecific control IgG (anti-mouse, 96/1, generated at the Tierforschungsanlage; University of Konstanz; anti-rat, MJ7/18 Endoglin, DSHB). .. The B6.129P2-PPM1Ftm1Dgen/J (PPM1F ±) mouse strain was obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).

    Article Title: The phosphatase PPM1F, a negative regulator of integrin activity, is essential for embryonic development and controls tumor cell invasion.
    Article Snippet: .. The following antibodies were used with the corresponding dilutions for western blot analysis (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP), or integrin activity assay (IA): α-Actinin (BM75.2, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), α1-integrin (TS2/7, mouse anti-human/ anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:50 IF), α2-integrin (6 F1, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α3-integrin (P1B5, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α5-integrin (BIIG2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:10 IF), αv-integrin (PE-P2 W7 mouse anti-human/antimouse, sc-9969; IF 1:300), β1-integrin (HMβ1-1, armenian hamster anti-mouse, Bio Legend; 1:300 IF; AIIB2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:600 IF, IA; M-106, rabbit anti-mouse/anti-human, Santa Cruz; 1:500 WB; D2E5, rabbit anti-human, Cell Signaling; 1:1000 WB), human β1-integrin (P5D2, mouse anti-human, DSHB, 2.5 μg IP; 9EG7, rat anti- human, DSHB 2.5 μg IP; AIIB2, rat anti-human, DSHB; 2.5 μg IP), β3-integrin (2 C9.G3, arm. hamster anti-mouse, eBioscience; 1:300 IF; PM6/13, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:100 IF), β5-integrin (KN52, mouse anti-mouse/human, eBioscience; IF 1:300), Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) (77, mouse anti-human, BD; 1:250 WB), integrin-linked kinase (ILK) (EP1593Y, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:800 WB), Kindlin-2 (3 A3, mouse anti-human, Millipore; 1:200 WB, 1:250 IF), Laminin (ab11575, rabbit anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:300 IHC), Nestin (rat-401, anti-mouse, Millipore; IHC 1:200), Paxillin (5H11, mouse monoclonal, Thermo Scientific; 1:1000 WB), hPPM1F (17,020–1-AP, rabbit anti-human, Protein-Tech; 1:1000 WB), mPPM1F (#1147, rabbit antimouse PPM1F; generated at the central animal care facility; University of Konstanz; 1:200 WB; see Additional File2: Fig. S2), FilaminA (EP2405Y, IgG, rabbit antihuman, Epitomics; 1:125.000 WB), Tubulin (E7, IgG1, mouse anti-human, DSHB; 1:1000), Talin (8 d4, mouse anti-human, Thermo Scientific; 1:800 WB, 1:40 IF), Vinculin (hVIN-1, mouse anti-human, Sigma; 1:2000 WB, 1:200 IF), Zyxin (Zol301, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), Dylight488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy5-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-Armenian Hamster IgG (Jackson; 1:200), HRPconjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; WB 1:10 000), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Santa Cruz; 1:250), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; WB 1:3000), unspecific control IgG (anti-mouse, 96/1, generated at the Tierforschungsanlage; University of Konstanz; anti-rat, MJ7/18 Endoglin, DSHB). .. The B6.129P2PPM1Ftm1Dgen/J (PPM1F ±) mouse strain was obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).

    Immunohistochemistry:

    Article Title: The phosphatase PPM1F, a negative regulator of integrin activity, is essential for embryonic development and controls tumor cell invasion
    Article Snippet: .. The following antibodies were used with the corresponding dilutions for western blot analysis (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP), or integrin activity assay (IA): α-Actinin (BM75.2, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), α 1 -integrin (TS2/7, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:50 IF), α 2 -integrin (6 F1, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α 3 -integrin (P1B5, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α 5 -integrin (BIIG2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:10 IF), α v -integrin (PE-P2 W7 mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, sc-9969; IF 1:300), β 1 -integrin (HMβ1-1, armenian hamster anti-mouse, Bio Legend; 1:300 IF; AIIB2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:600 IF, IA; M-106, rabbit anti-mouse/anti-human, Santa Cruz; 1:500 WB; D2E5, rabbit anti-human, Cell Signaling; 1:1000 WB), human β 1 -integrin (P5D2, mouse anti-human, DSHB, 2.5 μg IP; 9EG7, rat anti- human, DSHB 2.5 μg IP; AIIB2, rat anti-human, DSHB; 2.5 μg IP), β 3 -integrin (2 C9.G3, arm. hamster anti-mouse, eBioscience; 1:300 IF; PM6/13, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:100 IF), β 5 -integrin (KN-52, mouse anti-mouse/human, eBioscience; IF 1:300), Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) (77, mouse anti-human, BD; 1:250 WB), integrin-linked kinase (ILK) (EP1593Y, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:800 WB), Kindlin-2 (3 A3, mouse anti-human, Millipore; 1:200 WB, 1:250 IF), Laminin (ab11575, rabbit anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:300 IHC), Nestin (rat-401, anti-mouse, Millipore; IHC 1:200), Paxillin (5H11, mouse monoclonal, Thermo Scientific; 1:1000 WB), hPPM1F (17,020–1-AP, rabbit anti-human, Protein-Tech; 1:1000 WB), mPPM1F (#1147, rabbit anti-mouse PPM1F; generated at the central animal care facility; University of Konstanz; 1:200 WB; see Additional File2: Fig. S2), FilaminA (EP2405Y, IgG, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:125.000 WB), Tubulin (E7, IgG1, mouse anti-human, DSHB; 1:1000), Talin (8 d4, mouse anti-human, Thermo Scientific; 1:800 WB, 1:40 IF), Vinculin (hVIN-1, mouse anti-human, Sigma; 1:2000 WB, 1:200 IF), Zyxin (Zol301, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), Dylight488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy5-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-Armenian Hamster IgG (Jackson; 1:200), HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; WB 1:10 000), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Santa Cruz; 1:250), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; WB 1:3000), unspecific control IgG (anti-mouse, 96/1, generated at the Tierforschungsanlage; University of Konstanz; anti-rat, MJ7/18 Endoglin, DSHB). .. The B6.129P2-PPM1Ftm1Dgen/J (PPM1F ±) mouse strain was obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).

    Article Title: The phosphatase PPM1F, a negative regulator of integrin activity, is essential for embryonic development and controls tumor cell invasion.
    Article Snippet: .. The following antibodies were used with the corresponding dilutions for western blot analysis (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP), or integrin activity assay (IA): α-Actinin (BM75.2, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), α1-integrin (TS2/7, mouse anti-human/ anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:50 IF), α2-integrin (6 F1, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α3-integrin (P1B5, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α5-integrin (BIIG2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:10 IF), αv-integrin (PE-P2 W7 mouse anti-human/antimouse, sc-9969; IF 1:300), β1-integrin (HMβ1-1, armenian hamster anti-mouse, Bio Legend; 1:300 IF; AIIB2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:600 IF, IA; M-106, rabbit anti-mouse/anti-human, Santa Cruz; 1:500 WB; D2E5, rabbit anti-human, Cell Signaling; 1:1000 WB), human β1-integrin (P5D2, mouse anti-human, DSHB, 2.5 μg IP; 9EG7, rat anti- human, DSHB 2.5 μg IP; AIIB2, rat anti-human, DSHB; 2.5 μg IP), β3-integrin (2 C9.G3, arm. hamster anti-mouse, eBioscience; 1:300 IF; PM6/13, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:100 IF), β5-integrin (KN52, mouse anti-mouse/human, eBioscience; IF 1:300), Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) (77, mouse anti-human, BD; 1:250 WB), integrin-linked kinase (ILK) (EP1593Y, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:800 WB), Kindlin-2 (3 A3, mouse anti-human, Millipore; 1:200 WB, 1:250 IF), Laminin (ab11575, rabbit anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:300 IHC), Nestin (rat-401, anti-mouse, Millipore; IHC 1:200), Paxillin (5H11, mouse monoclonal, Thermo Scientific; 1:1000 WB), hPPM1F (17,020–1-AP, rabbit anti-human, Protein-Tech; 1:1000 WB), mPPM1F (#1147, rabbit antimouse PPM1F; generated at the central animal care facility; University of Konstanz; 1:200 WB; see Additional File2: Fig. S2), FilaminA (EP2405Y, IgG, rabbit antihuman, Epitomics; 1:125.000 WB), Tubulin (E7, IgG1, mouse anti-human, DSHB; 1:1000), Talin (8 d4, mouse anti-human, Thermo Scientific; 1:800 WB, 1:40 IF), Vinculin (hVIN-1, mouse anti-human, Sigma; 1:2000 WB, 1:200 IF), Zyxin (Zol301, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), Dylight488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy5-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-Armenian Hamster IgG (Jackson; 1:200), HRPconjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; WB 1:10 000), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Santa Cruz; 1:250), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; WB 1:3000), unspecific control IgG (anti-mouse, 96/1, generated at the Tierforschungsanlage; University of Konstanz; anti-rat, MJ7/18 Endoglin, DSHB). .. The B6.129P2PPM1Ftm1Dgen/J (PPM1F ±) mouse strain was obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).

    Immunoprecipitation:

    Article Title: The phosphatase PPM1F, a negative regulator of integrin activity, is essential for embryonic development and controls tumor cell invasion
    Article Snippet: .. The following antibodies were used with the corresponding dilutions for western blot analysis (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP), or integrin activity assay (IA): α-Actinin (BM75.2, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), α 1 -integrin (TS2/7, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:50 IF), α 2 -integrin (6 F1, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α 3 -integrin (P1B5, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α 5 -integrin (BIIG2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:10 IF), α v -integrin (PE-P2 W7 mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, sc-9969; IF 1:300), β 1 -integrin (HMβ1-1, armenian hamster anti-mouse, Bio Legend; 1:300 IF; AIIB2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:600 IF, IA; M-106, rabbit anti-mouse/anti-human, Santa Cruz; 1:500 WB; D2E5, rabbit anti-human, Cell Signaling; 1:1000 WB), human β 1 -integrin (P5D2, mouse anti-human, DSHB, 2.5 μg IP; 9EG7, rat anti- human, DSHB 2.5 μg IP; AIIB2, rat anti-human, DSHB; 2.5 μg IP), β 3 -integrin (2 C9.G3, arm. hamster anti-mouse, eBioscience; 1:300 IF; PM6/13, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:100 IF), β 5 -integrin (KN-52, mouse anti-mouse/human, eBioscience; IF 1:300), Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) (77, mouse anti-human, BD; 1:250 WB), integrin-linked kinase (ILK) (EP1593Y, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:800 WB), Kindlin-2 (3 A3, mouse anti-human, Millipore; 1:200 WB, 1:250 IF), Laminin (ab11575, rabbit anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:300 IHC), Nestin (rat-401, anti-mouse, Millipore; IHC 1:200), Paxillin (5H11, mouse monoclonal, Thermo Scientific; 1:1000 WB), hPPM1F (17,020–1-AP, rabbit anti-human, Protein-Tech; 1:1000 WB), mPPM1F (#1147, rabbit anti-mouse PPM1F; generated at the central animal care facility; University of Konstanz; 1:200 WB; see Additional File2: Fig. S2), FilaminA (EP2405Y, IgG, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:125.000 WB), Tubulin (E7, IgG1, mouse anti-human, DSHB; 1:1000), Talin (8 d4, mouse anti-human, Thermo Scientific; 1:800 WB, 1:40 IF), Vinculin (hVIN-1, mouse anti-human, Sigma; 1:2000 WB, 1:200 IF), Zyxin (Zol301, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), Dylight488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy5-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-Armenian Hamster IgG (Jackson; 1:200), HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; WB 1:10 000), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Santa Cruz; 1:250), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; WB 1:3000), unspecific control IgG (anti-mouse, 96/1, generated at the Tierforschungsanlage; University of Konstanz; anti-rat, MJ7/18 Endoglin, DSHB). .. The B6.129P2-PPM1Ftm1Dgen/J (PPM1F ±) mouse strain was obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).

    Article Title: The phosphatase PPM1F, a negative regulator of integrin activity, is essential for embryonic development and controls tumor cell invasion.
    Article Snippet: .. The following antibodies were used with the corresponding dilutions for western blot analysis (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP), or integrin activity assay (IA): α-Actinin (BM75.2, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), α1-integrin (TS2/7, mouse anti-human/ anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:50 IF), α2-integrin (6 F1, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α3-integrin (P1B5, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α5-integrin (BIIG2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:10 IF), αv-integrin (PE-P2 W7 mouse anti-human/antimouse, sc-9969; IF 1:300), β1-integrin (HMβ1-1, armenian hamster anti-mouse, Bio Legend; 1:300 IF; AIIB2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:600 IF, IA; M-106, rabbit anti-mouse/anti-human, Santa Cruz; 1:500 WB; D2E5, rabbit anti-human, Cell Signaling; 1:1000 WB), human β1-integrin (P5D2, mouse anti-human, DSHB, 2.5 μg IP; 9EG7, rat anti- human, DSHB 2.5 μg IP; AIIB2, rat anti-human, DSHB; 2.5 μg IP), β3-integrin (2 C9.G3, arm. hamster anti-mouse, eBioscience; 1:300 IF; PM6/13, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:100 IF), β5-integrin (KN52, mouse anti-mouse/human, eBioscience; IF 1:300), Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) (77, mouse anti-human, BD; 1:250 WB), integrin-linked kinase (ILK) (EP1593Y, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:800 WB), Kindlin-2 (3 A3, mouse anti-human, Millipore; 1:200 WB, 1:250 IF), Laminin (ab11575, rabbit anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:300 IHC), Nestin (rat-401, anti-mouse, Millipore; IHC 1:200), Paxillin (5H11, mouse monoclonal, Thermo Scientific; 1:1000 WB), hPPM1F (17,020–1-AP, rabbit anti-human, Protein-Tech; 1:1000 WB), mPPM1F (#1147, rabbit antimouse PPM1F; generated at the central animal care facility; University of Konstanz; 1:200 WB; see Additional File2: Fig. S2), FilaminA (EP2405Y, IgG, rabbit antihuman, Epitomics; 1:125.000 WB), Tubulin (E7, IgG1, mouse anti-human, DSHB; 1:1000), Talin (8 d4, mouse anti-human, Thermo Scientific; 1:800 WB, 1:40 IF), Vinculin (hVIN-1, mouse anti-human, Sigma; 1:2000 WB, 1:200 IF), Zyxin (Zol301, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), Dylight488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy5-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-Armenian Hamster IgG (Jackson; 1:200), HRPconjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; WB 1:10 000), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Santa Cruz; 1:250), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; WB 1:3000), unspecific control IgG (anti-mouse, 96/1, generated at the Tierforschungsanlage; University of Konstanz; anti-rat, MJ7/18 Endoglin, DSHB). .. The B6.129P2PPM1Ftm1Dgen/J (PPM1F ±) mouse strain was obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).

    Activity Assay:

    Article Title: The phosphatase PPM1F, a negative regulator of integrin activity, is essential for embryonic development and controls tumor cell invasion
    Article Snippet: .. The following antibodies were used with the corresponding dilutions for western blot analysis (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP), or integrin activity assay (IA): α-Actinin (BM75.2, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), α 1 -integrin (TS2/7, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:50 IF), α 2 -integrin (6 F1, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α 3 -integrin (P1B5, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α 5 -integrin (BIIG2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:10 IF), α v -integrin (PE-P2 W7 mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, sc-9969; IF 1:300), β 1 -integrin (HMβ1-1, armenian hamster anti-mouse, Bio Legend; 1:300 IF; AIIB2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:600 IF, IA; M-106, rabbit anti-mouse/anti-human, Santa Cruz; 1:500 WB; D2E5, rabbit anti-human, Cell Signaling; 1:1000 WB), human β 1 -integrin (P5D2, mouse anti-human, DSHB, 2.5 μg IP; 9EG7, rat anti- human, DSHB 2.5 μg IP; AIIB2, rat anti-human, DSHB; 2.5 μg IP), β 3 -integrin (2 C9.G3, arm. hamster anti-mouse, eBioscience; 1:300 IF; PM6/13, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:100 IF), β 5 -integrin (KN-52, mouse anti-mouse/human, eBioscience; IF 1:300), Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) (77, mouse anti-human, BD; 1:250 WB), integrin-linked kinase (ILK) (EP1593Y, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:800 WB), Kindlin-2 (3 A3, mouse anti-human, Millipore; 1:200 WB, 1:250 IF), Laminin (ab11575, rabbit anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:300 IHC), Nestin (rat-401, anti-mouse, Millipore; IHC 1:200), Paxillin (5H11, mouse monoclonal, Thermo Scientific; 1:1000 WB), hPPM1F (17,020–1-AP, rabbit anti-human, Protein-Tech; 1:1000 WB), mPPM1F (#1147, rabbit anti-mouse PPM1F; generated at the central animal care facility; University of Konstanz; 1:200 WB; see Additional File2: Fig. S2), FilaminA (EP2405Y, IgG, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:125.000 WB), Tubulin (E7, IgG1, mouse anti-human, DSHB; 1:1000), Talin (8 d4, mouse anti-human, Thermo Scientific; 1:800 WB, 1:40 IF), Vinculin (hVIN-1, mouse anti-human, Sigma; 1:2000 WB, 1:200 IF), Zyxin (Zol301, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), Dylight488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy5-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-Armenian Hamster IgG (Jackson; 1:200), HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; WB 1:10 000), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Santa Cruz; 1:250), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; WB 1:3000), unspecific control IgG (anti-mouse, 96/1, generated at the Tierforschungsanlage; University of Konstanz; anti-rat, MJ7/18 Endoglin, DSHB). .. The B6.129P2-PPM1Ftm1Dgen/J (PPM1F ±) mouse strain was obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).

    Article Title: The phosphatase PPM1F, a negative regulator of integrin activity, is essential for embryonic development and controls tumor cell invasion.
    Article Snippet: .. The following antibodies were used with the corresponding dilutions for western blot analysis (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP), or integrin activity assay (IA): α-Actinin (BM75.2, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), α1-integrin (TS2/7, mouse anti-human/ anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:50 IF), α2-integrin (6 F1, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α3-integrin (P1B5, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α5-integrin (BIIG2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:10 IF), αv-integrin (PE-P2 W7 mouse anti-human/antimouse, sc-9969; IF 1:300), β1-integrin (HMβ1-1, armenian hamster anti-mouse, Bio Legend; 1:300 IF; AIIB2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:600 IF, IA; M-106, rabbit anti-mouse/anti-human, Santa Cruz; 1:500 WB; D2E5, rabbit anti-human, Cell Signaling; 1:1000 WB), human β1-integrin (P5D2, mouse anti-human, DSHB, 2.5 μg IP; 9EG7, rat anti- human, DSHB 2.5 μg IP; AIIB2, rat anti-human, DSHB; 2.5 μg IP), β3-integrin (2 C9.G3, arm. hamster anti-mouse, eBioscience; 1:300 IF; PM6/13, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:100 IF), β5-integrin (KN52, mouse anti-mouse/human, eBioscience; IF 1:300), Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) (77, mouse anti-human, BD; 1:250 WB), integrin-linked kinase (ILK) (EP1593Y, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:800 WB), Kindlin-2 (3 A3, mouse anti-human, Millipore; 1:200 WB, 1:250 IF), Laminin (ab11575, rabbit anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:300 IHC), Nestin (rat-401, anti-mouse, Millipore; IHC 1:200), Paxillin (5H11, mouse monoclonal, Thermo Scientific; 1:1000 WB), hPPM1F (17,020–1-AP, rabbit anti-human, Protein-Tech; 1:1000 WB), mPPM1F (#1147, rabbit antimouse PPM1F; generated at the central animal care facility; University of Konstanz; 1:200 WB; see Additional File2: Fig. S2), FilaminA (EP2405Y, IgG, rabbit antihuman, Epitomics; 1:125.000 WB), Tubulin (E7, IgG1, mouse anti-human, DSHB; 1:1000), Talin (8 d4, mouse anti-human, Thermo Scientific; 1:800 WB, 1:40 IF), Vinculin (hVIN-1, mouse anti-human, Sigma; 1:2000 WB, 1:200 IF), Zyxin (Zol301, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), Dylight488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy5-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-Armenian Hamster IgG (Jackson; 1:200), HRPconjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; WB 1:10 000), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Santa Cruz; 1:250), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; WB 1:3000), unspecific control IgG (anti-mouse, 96/1, generated at the Tierforschungsanlage; University of Konstanz; anti-rat, MJ7/18 Endoglin, DSHB). .. The B6.129P2PPM1Ftm1Dgen/J (PPM1F ±) mouse strain was obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).

    Generated:

    Article Title: The phosphatase PPM1F, a negative regulator of integrin activity, is essential for embryonic development and controls tumor cell invasion
    Article Snippet: .. The following antibodies were used with the corresponding dilutions for western blot analysis (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP), or integrin activity assay (IA): α-Actinin (BM75.2, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), α 1 -integrin (TS2/7, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:50 IF), α 2 -integrin (6 F1, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α 3 -integrin (P1B5, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α 5 -integrin (BIIG2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:10 IF), α v -integrin (PE-P2 W7 mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, sc-9969; IF 1:300), β 1 -integrin (HMβ1-1, armenian hamster anti-mouse, Bio Legend; 1:300 IF; AIIB2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:600 IF, IA; M-106, rabbit anti-mouse/anti-human, Santa Cruz; 1:500 WB; D2E5, rabbit anti-human, Cell Signaling; 1:1000 WB), human β 1 -integrin (P5D2, mouse anti-human, DSHB, 2.5 μg IP; 9EG7, rat anti- human, DSHB 2.5 μg IP; AIIB2, rat anti-human, DSHB; 2.5 μg IP), β 3 -integrin (2 C9.G3, arm. hamster anti-mouse, eBioscience; 1:300 IF; PM6/13, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:100 IF), β 5 -integrin (KN-52, mouse anti-mouse/human, eBioscience; IF 1:300), Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) (77, mouse anti-human, BD; 1:250 WB), integrin-linked kinase (ILK) (EP1593Y, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:800 WB), Kindlin-2 (3 A3, mouse anti-human, Millipore; 1:200 WB, 1:250 IF), Laminin (ab11575, rabbit anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:300 IHC), Nestin (rat-401, anti-mouse, Millipore; IHC 1:200), Paxillin (5H11, mouse monoclonal, Thermo Scientific; 1:1000 WB), hPPM1F (17,020–1-AP, rabbit anti-human, Protein-Tech; 1:1000 WB), mPPM1F (#1147, rabbit anti-mouse PPM1F; generated at the central animal care facility; University of Konstanz; 1:200 WB; see Additional File2: Fig. S2), FilaminA (EP2405Y, IgG, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:125.000 WB), Tubulin (E7, IgG1, mouse anti-human, DSHB; 1:1000), Talin (8 d4, mouse anti-human, Thermo Scientific; 1:800 WB, 1:40 IF), Vinculin (hVIN-1, mouse anti-human, Sigma; 1:2000 WB, 1:200 IF), Zyxin (Zol301, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), Dylight488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy5-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-Armenian Hamster IgG (Jackson; 1:200), HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; WB 1:10 000), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Santa Cruz; 1:250), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; WB 1:3000), unspecific control IgG (anti-mouse, 96/1, generated at the Tierforschungsanlage; University of Konstanz; anti-rat, MJ7/18 Endoglin, DSHB). .. The B6.129P2-PPM1Ftm1Dgen/J (PPM1F ±) mouse strain was obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).

    Article Title: The phosphatase PPM1F, a negative regulator of integrin activity, is essential for embryonic development and controls tumor cell invasion.
    Article Snippet: .. The following antibodies were used with the corresponding dilutions for western blot analysis (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP), or integrin activity assay (IA): α-Actinin (BM75.2, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), α1-integrin (TS2/7, mouse anti-human/ anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:50 IF), α2-integrin (6 F1, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α3-integrin (P1B5, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α5-integrin (BIIG2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:10 IF), αv-integrin (PE-P2 W7 mouse anti-human/antimouse, sc-9969; IF 1:300), β1-integrin (HMβ1-1, armenian hamster anti-mouse, Bio Legend; 1:300 IF; AIIB2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:600 IF, IA; M-106, rabbit anti-mouse/anti-human, Santa Cruz; 1:500 WB; D2E5, rabbit anti-human, Cell Signaling; 1:1000 WB), human β1-integrin (P5D2, mouse anti-human, DSHB, 2.5 μg IP; 9EG7, rat anti- human, DSHB 2.5 μg IP; AIIB2, rat anti-human, DSHB; 2.5 μg IP), β3-integrin (2 C9.G3, arm. hamster anti-mouse, eBioscience; 1:300 IF; PM6/13, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:100 IF), β5-integrin (KN52, mouse anti-mouse/human, eBioscience; IF 1:300), Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) (77, mouse anti-human, BD; 1:250 WB), integrin-linked kinase (ILK) (EP1593Y, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:800 WB), Kindlin-2 (3 A3, mouse anti-human, Millipore; 1:200 WB, 1:250 IF), Laminin (ab11575, rabbit anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:300 IHC), Nestin (rat-401, anti-mouse, Millipore; IHC 1:200), Paxillin (5H11, mouse monoclonal, Thermo Scientific; 1:1000 WB), hPPM1F (17,020–1-AP, rabbit anti-human, Protein-Tech; 1:1000 WB), mPPM1F (#1147, rabbit antimouse PPM1F; generated at the central animal care facility; University of Konstanz; 1:200 WB; see Additional File2: Fig. S2), FilaminA (EP2405Y, IgG, rabbit antihuman, Epitomics; 1:125.000 WB), Tubulin (E7, IgG1, mouse anti-human, DSHB; 1:1000), Talin (8 d4, mouse anti-human, Thermo Scientific; 1:800 WB, 1:40 IF), Vinculin (hVIN-1, mouse anti-human, Sigma; 1:2000 WB, 1:200 IF), Zyxin (Zol301, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), Dylight488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy5-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-Armenian Hamster IgG (Jackson; 1:200), HRPconjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; WB 1:10 000), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Santa Cruz; 1:250), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; WB 1:3000), unspecific control IgG (anti-mouse, 96/1, generated at the Tierforschungsanlage; University of Konstanz; anti-rat, MJ7/18 Endoglin, DSHB). .. The B6.129P2PPM1Ftm1Dgen/J (PPM1F ±) mouse strain was obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).

    Control:

    Article Title: The phosphatase PPM1F, a negative regulator of integrin activity, is essential for embryonic development and controls tumor cell invasion
    Article Snippet: .. The following antibodies were used with the corresponding dilutions for western blot analysis (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP), or integrin activity assay (IA): α-Actinin (BM75.2, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), α 1 -integrin (TS2/7, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:50 IF), α 2 -integrin (6 F1, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α 3 -integrin (P1B5, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α 5 -integrin (BIIG2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:10 IF), α v -integrin (PE-P2 W7 mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, sc-9969; IF 1:300), β 1 -integrin (HMβ1-1, armenian hamster anti-mouse, Bio Legend; 1:300 IF; AIIB2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:600 IF, IA; M-106, rabbit anti-mouse/anti-human, Santa Cruz; 1:500 WB; D2E5, rabbit anti-human, Cell Signaling; 1:1000 WB), human β 1 -integrin (P5D2, mouse anti-human, DSHB, 2.5 μg IP; 9EG7, rat anti- human, DSHB 2.5 μg IP; AIIB2, rat anti-human, DSHB; 2.5 μg IP), β 3 -integrin (2 C9.G3, arm. hamster anti-mouse, eBioscience; 1:300 IF; PM6/13, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:100 IF), β 5 -integrin (KN-52, mouse anti-mouse/human, eBioscience; IF 1:300), Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) (77, mouse anti-human, BD; 1:250 WB), integrin-linked kinase (ILK) (EP1593Y, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:800 WB), Kindlin-2 (3 A3, mouse anti-human, Millipore; 1:200 WB, 1:250 IF), Laminin (ab11575, rabbit anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:300 IHC), Nestin (rat-401, anti-mouse, Millipore; IHC 1:200), Paxillin (5H11, mouse monoclonal, Thermo Scientific; 1:1000 WB), hPPM1F (17,020–1-AP, rabbit anti-human, Protein-Tech; 1:1000 WB), mPPM1F (#1147, rabbit anti-mouse PPM1F; generated at the central animal care facility; University of Konstanz; 1:200 WB; see Additional File2: Fig. S2), FilaminA (EP2405Y, IgG, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:125.000 WB), Tubulin (E7, IgG1, mouse anti-human, DSHB; 1:1000), Talin (8 d4, mouse anti-human, Thermo Scientific; 1:800 WB, 1:40 IF), Vinculin (hVIN-1, mouse anti-human, Sigma; 1:2000 WB, 1:200 IF), Zyxin (Zol301, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), Dylight488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy5-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-Armenian Hamster IgG (Jackson; 1:200), HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; WB 1:10 000), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Santa Cruz; 1:250), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; WB 1:3000), unspecific control IgG (anti-mouse, 96/1, generated at the Tierforschungsanlage; University of Konstanz; anti-rat, MJ7/18 Endoglin, DSHB). .. The B6.129P2-PPM1Ftm1Dgen/J (PPM1F ±) mouse strain was obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).

    Article Title: The phosphatase PPM1F, a negative regulator of integrin activity, is essential for embryonic development and controls tumor cell invasion.
    Article Snippet: .. The following antibodies were used with the corresponding dilutions for western blot analysis (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoprecipitation (IP), or integrin activity assay (IA): α-Actinin (BM75.2, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), α1-integrin (TS2/7, mouse anti-human/ anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:50 IF), α2-integrin (6 F1, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α3-integrin (P1B5, mouse anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:60 IF), α5-integrin (BIIG2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:10 IF), αv-integrin (PE-P2 W7 mouse anti-human/antimouse, sc-9969; IF 1:300), β1-integrin (HMβ1-1, armenian hamster anti-mouse, Bio Legend; 1:300 IF; AIIB2, rat anti-human/anti-mouse, DSHB; 1:600 IF, IA; M-106, rabbit anti-mouse/anti-human, Santa Cruz; 1:500 WB; D2E5, rabbit anti-human, Cell Signaling; 1:1000 WB), human β1-integrin (P5D2, mouse anti-human, DSHB, 2.5 μg IP; 9EG7, rat anti- human, DSHB 2.5 μg IP; AIIB2, rat anti-human, DSHB; 2.5 μg IP), β3-integrin (2 C9.G3, arm. hamster anti-mouse, eBioscience; 1:300 IF; PM6/13, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:100 IF), β5-integrin (KN52, mouse anti-mouse/human, eBioscience; IF 1:300), Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) (77, mouse anti-human, BD; 1:250 WB), integrin-linked kinase (ILK) (EP1593Y, rabbit anti-human, Epitomics; 1:800 WB), Kindlin-2 (3 A3, mouse anti-human, Millipore; 1:200 WB, 1:250 IF), Laminin (ab11575, rabbit anti-mouse, Abcam; 1:300 IHC), Nestin (rat-401, anti-mouse, Millipore; IHC 1:200), Paxillin (5H11, mouse monoclonal, Thermo Scientific; 1:1000 WB), hPPM1F (17,020–1-AP, rabbit anti-human, Protein-Tech; 1:1000 WB), mPPM1F (#1147, rabbit antimouse PPM1F; generated at the central animal care facility; University of Konstanz; 1:200 WB; see Additional File2: Fig. S2), FilaminA (EP2405Y, IgG, rabbit antihuman, Epitomics; 1:125.000 WB), Tubulin (E7, IgG1, mouse anti-human, DSHB; 1:1000), Talin (8 d4, mouse anti-human, Thermo Scientific; 1:800 WB, 1:40 IF), Vinculin (hVIN-1, mouse anti-human, Sigma; 1:2000 WB, 1:200 IF), Zyxin (Zol301, mouse anti-human, Abcam; 1:1000 WB), Dylight488-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy3-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), Cy5-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Jackson; 1:200), RhodamineRed-conjugated goat anti-Armenian Hamster IgG (Jackson; 1:200), HRPconjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (Jackson; WB 1:10 000), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Santa Cruz; 1:250), HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson; WB 1:3000), unspecific control IgG (anti-mouse, 96/1, generated at the Tierforschungsanlage; University of Konstanz; anti-rat, MJ7/18 Endoglin, DSHB). .. The B6.129P2PPM1Ftm1Dgen/J (PPM1F ±) mouse strain was obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).

    other:

    Article Title: Enhanced sialic acid engagement at physiological temperatures by reovirus σ1 mutants facilitates infection of breast cancer cells with low levels of high-affinity receptors
    Article Snippet: Cells were stained with a monoclonal anti-σ3 antibody (clone 10G10, DSHB) or a monoclonal anti-σNS antibody (clone 2A9, DSHB) to detect cell-bound reovirus particles or intracellular reovirus replication, respectively.

    Article Title: Inhibitory effects of β-galactoside α2,6-sialyltransferase 1 on the Hippo pathway in breast cancer cells
    Article Snippet: The experiments were performed using the following antibodies: Rabbit antibodies against p-YAP(S127) (#13008S), p-LATS1(T1079) (#8654S), LATS1 (#3477S), p-Src(Y416) (#2101S), p-FAK(Y397) (#8556S), FAK (#3285S), EGFR (#4267S), p-EGFR(Y1068) (#3777S), and integrin β1 (#9699S) were from Cell Signaling Technology; mouse mAb against GAPDH (#sc-365062), and β-actin (#sc-47778) were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology; mouse mAb against integrin α5 (610633) was from BD Biosciences; rabbit pAbs against LPAR4 (22165-1-AP) and mouse mAb against YAP (66900-1-Ig) were obtained from Proteintech; rabbit pAb against ST3GAL4 (NBP1-69565) was obtained from Novus Biologicals; mouse mAbs against FLAG (clone M2, #F3165) and Src (clone GD11, #05-184) were from Sigma; goat pAb against ST6GAL1 (AF5924) was from R&D Systems; mouse mAb against integrin β1 (P5D2) was from Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank.

    Bioprocessing:

    Article Title: CYR61 Expression Is Induced by IGF1 and Promotes the Proliferation of Prostate Cancer Cells Through the PI3/AKT Signaling Pathway
    Article Snippet: In addition, we used a rabbit antibody targeting SF3B1 (ThermoFisher Scientific, Carlsbad, CA, USA, Cat# PA5-41723). .. Mouse monoclonal antibodies included CYR61 (A-10) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA, Cat# sc-374129), Beta 1 (β1) Integrin (R&D Systems Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA, Cat# MAB17781), and β1 Integrin (Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, Iowa City, IA, USA, Cat# P5D2). .. Whole-cell lysates were prepared by lysing the cell pellet in 100 μL Invitrogen Cell Lysis Buffer II (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA, Cat# FNN0021) on ice for 30 min, vortexing at 10 min intervals.

    Article Title: Enhanced sialic acid engagement at physiological temperatures by reovirus σ1 mutants facilitates infection of breast cancer cells with low levels of high-affinity receptors.
    Article Snippet: Cells were stained with a monoclonal anti-σ3 antibody (clone 10G10, DSHB) or a monoclonal anti-σNS antibody (clone 2A9, DSHB) to detect cell-bound reovirus particles or intracellular reovirus replication, respectively. .. To quantify cell-sur face receptor expression, cells were incubated with monoclonal antibodies specific for murine JAM-A (clone BV11, Millipore Sigma), murine β1 integrin (eBioscience), human JAM-A (CSTEM27, Thermo Fisher Scientific), or human β1 integrin (clone P5D2, DSHB). ..

    Staining:

    Article Title: Dynamic regulation of integrin β1 phosphorylation supports invasion of breast cancer cells
    Article Snippet: .. MM231 ITGB1(WT or YYFF) cell lines were trypsinized, fixed in 2% PFA for 10 min at room temperature and washed with PBS before being stained with primary antibodies to assess surface integrin levels (1:100 dilution in Tyrode’s buffer (ITGB1 (clone P5D2, in-house production from DSHB hybridoma), inactive ITGB1 (clone mAb13, in-house production from DSHB hybridoma) and β3 (MCA728, AbD Serotech))) for 1 h at 4 °C with gentle agitation. .. The samples were then washed 2× with PBS and incubated with secondary antibodies (ALEXA-488 conjugated anti-mouse/anti-rat Invitrogen; 1:300 dilution in Tyrode’s buffer) for a 1 h at 4 °C with gentle agitation.

    Article Title: Dynamic regulation of integrin β1 phosphorylation supports invasion of breast cancer cells.
    Article Snippet: .. MM231 ITGB1(WT or YYFF) cell lines were trypsinized, fixed in 2% PFA for 10 min at room temperature and washed with PBS before being stained with primary antibodies to assess surface integrin levels (1:100 dilution in Tyrode’s buffer (ITGB1 (clone P5D2, in-house production from DSHB hybridoma), inactive ITGB1 (clone mAb13, in-house production from DSHB hybridoma) and β3 (MCA728, AbD Serotech))) for 1 h at 4 °C with gentle agitation. .. Colonization of the lung was assessed through lateral tail vein injection of 100 μl PBS with 7.5 × 105 MM231 ITGB1(WT or YYFF) cells expressing luciferase/EGFP into 7–8-week-old female athymic nude mice (Foxn1nu, Envigo).

    Gentle:

    Article Title: Dynamic regulation of integrin β1 phosphorylation supports invasion of breast cancer cells
    Article Snippet: .. MM231 ITGB1(WT or YYFF) cell lines were trypsinized, fixed in 2% PFA for 10 min at room temperature and washed with PBS before being stained with primary antibodies to assess surface integrin levels (1:100 dilution in Tyrode’s buffer (ITGB1 (clone P5D2, in-house production from DSHB hybridoma), inactive ITGB1 (clone mAb13, in-house production from DSHB hybridoma) and β3 (MCA728, AbD Serotech))) for 1 h at 4 °C with gentle agitation. .. The samples were then washed 2× with PBS and incubated with secondary antibodies (ALEXA-488 conjugated anti-mouse/anti-rat Invitrogen; 1:300 dilution in Tyrode’s buffer) for a 1 h at 4 °C with gentle agitation.

    Article Title: Dynamic regulation of integrin β1 phosphorylation supports invasion of breast cancer cells.
    Article Snippet: .. MM231 ITGB1(WT or YYFF) cell lines were trypsinized, fixed in 2% PFA for 10 min at room temperature and washed with PBS before being stained with primary antibodies to assess surface integrin levels (1:100 dilution in Tyrode’s buffer (ITGB1 (clone P5D2, in-house production from DSHB hybridoma), inactive ITGB1 (clone mAb13, in-house production from DSHB hybridoma) and β3 (MCA728, AbD Serotech))) for 1 h at 4 °C with gentle agitation. .. Colonization of the lung was assessed through lateral tail vein injection of 100 μl PBS with 7.5 × 105 MM231 ITGB1(WT or YYFF) cells expressing luciferase/EGFP into 7–8-week-old female athymic nude mice (Foxn1nu, Envigo).

    Expressing:

    Article Title: Enhanced sialic acid engagement at physiological temperatures by reovirus σ1 mutants facilitates infection of breast cancer cells with low levels of high-affinity receptors.
    Article Snippet: Cells were stained with a monoclonal anti-σ3 antibody (clone 10G10, DSHB) or a monoclonal anti-σNS antibody (clone 2A9, DSHB) to detect cell-bound reovirus particles or intracellular reovirus replication, respectively. .. To quantify cell-sur face receptor expression, cells were incubated with monoclonal antibodies specific for murine JAM-A (clone BV11, Millipore Sigma), murine β1 integrin (eBioscience), human JAM-A (CSTEM27, Thermo Fisher Scientific), or human β1 integrin (clone P5D2, DSHB). ..

    Incubation:

    Article Title: Enhanced sialic acid engagement at physiological temperatures by reovirus σ1 mutants facilitates infection of breast cancer cells with low levels of high-affinity receptors.
    Article Snippet: Cells were stained with a monoclonal anti-σ3 antibody (clone 10G10, DSHB) or a monoclonal anti-σNS antibody (clone 2A9, DSHB) to detect cell-bound reovirus particles or intracellular reovirus replication, respectively. .. To quantify cell-sur face receptor expression, cells were incubated with monoclonal antibodies specific for murine JAM-A (clone BV11, Millipore Sigma), murine β1 integrin (eBioscience), human JAM-A (CSTEM27, Thermo Fisher Scientific), or human β1 integrin (clone P5D2, DSHB). ..



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    Inhibition of integrin α5β1 receptor function attenuates inflammatory injury in DSS-induced colitis in mice. (A ) Body weight of each group was monitored for 10 days (n = 6). ( B ) Representative images of colon and colon length were measured in each group on day 10 (n = 6). ( C ) Representative H&E stained micrographs of colon in each group and quantitative assessment of colon injury using histopathology scores (n = 6); black arrowheads indicate inflammatory cell infiltration (scale bar: 25 μm; original. ( D ) Representative immunohistochemical staining of integrin α5β1 + cells in colonic mucosa (scale bar: 25 μm; original magnification ×400) and quantification of integrin α5β1 + cells per high-power field (n = 6), with black arrows indicating positive cells. ( E ) ELISA assay was performed to examine the serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines CXCL1, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β (n = 6). Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA. ns: not significant; *: p<0.05; ***: p<0.001.

    Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

    Article Title: The eNAMPT-Integrin α5β1 Axis Mediates Neutrophil-Endothelial Cell Interactions Driving Inflammation in Ulcerative Colitis

    doi: 10.2147/JIR.S554975

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibition of integrin α5β1 receptor function attenuates inflammatory injury in DSS-induced colitis in mice. (A ) Body weight of each group was monitored for 10 days (n = 6). ( B ) Representative images of colon and colon length were measured in each group on day 10 (n = 6). ( C ) Representative H&E stained micrographs of colon in each group and quantitative assessment of colon injury using histopathology scores (n = 6); black arrowheads indicate inflammatory cell infiltration (scale bar: 25 μm; original. ( D ) Representative immunohistochemical staining of integrin α5β1 + cells in colonic mucosa (scale bar: 25 μm; original magnification ×400) and quantification of integrin α5β1 + cells per high-power field (n = 6), with black arrows indicating positive cells. ( E ) ELISA assay was performed to examine the serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines CXCL1, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β (n = 6). Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA. ns: not significant; *: p<0.05; ***: p<0.001.

    Article Snippet: The groups of DSS-fed mice were: the UC model group; the anti-Ly6G group, which was injected intraperitoneally with anti-Ly6G antibody (1.25 mg/kg, Selleck, USA) every 2 days to deplete neutrophils; the Daporinad group, which was injected intraperitoneally with Daporinad (2.4 mg/kg, MedChemExpres, USA) every day to inhibit NAMPT activity and reduce eNAMPT levels; ATN-161 group, daily intraperitoneal injection of ATN-161 to block integrin α5β1 receptor function (1 mg/kg, MCE).

    Techniques: Inhibition, Staining, Histopathology, Immunohistochemical staining, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    (A) Analysis of RNA-seq transcriptome data with ingenuity pathways analysis (IPA) software identifies the six signalling pathways that are significantly altered in the NHC cell line when co-cultured with neutrophils. Bars represent −log(p value) of significance level for each pathway; orange indicates upregulated and blue indicates downregulated pathways. (B) Volcano plot of RNA-seq analysis of NHC proteins that are affected by exposure of the cells to neutrophils. RNA was extracted from the NHC cell line alone (n=3) and co-cultured with neutrophils (n=4), and both groups were analysed by Affymetrix High-Throughput Transcriptomics Array. A total of 5818 mRNA genes were differentially expressed (grey circles), including plasma membrane proteins (orange circles) and integrin β1 (ITGB1) (blue circle). (C) RT-PCR demonstrates that ITGB1 is more heavily expressed than ITGB3 or ITGA5 in the NHC cell line (n=4). mRNA expression levels were normalised to ACTB. (D) Representative immunofluorescence images of NHCs stained for ITGB1 (green). Hoechst 33342 is used to stain the nuclei (blue). Scale bar: 10 μm.

    Journal: Gut

    Article Title: Neutrophils interact with cholangiocytes to cause cholestatic changes in alcoholic hepatitis

    doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322540

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Analysis of RNA-seq transcriptome data with ingenuity pathways analysis (IPA) software identifies the six signalling pathways that are significantly altered in the NHC cell line when co-cultured with neutrophils. Bars represent −log(p value) of significance level for each pathway; orange indicates upregulated and blue indicates downregulated pathways. (B) Volcano plot of RNA-seq analysis of NHC proteins that are affected by exposure of the cells to neutrophils. RNA was extracted from the NHC cell line alone (n=3) and co-cultured with neutrophils (n=4), and both groups were analysed by Affymetrix High-Throughput Transcriptomics Array. A total of 5818 mRNA genes were differentially expressed (grey circles), including plasma membrane proteins (orange circles) and integrin β1 (ITGB1) (blue circle). (C) RT-PCR demonstrates that ITGB1 is more heavily expressed than ITGB3 or ITGA5 in the NHC cell line (n=4). mRNA expression levels were normalised to ACTB. (D) Representative immunofluorescence images of NHCs stained for ITGB1 (green). Hoechst 33342 is used to stain the nuclei (blue). Scale bar: 10 μm.

    Article Snippet: Functional blocking interventions To inhibit the function of ITGB1 in cholangiocytes, an anti-β1-integrin function blocking antibody (AIIB1, Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank) was used.

    Techniques: RNA Sequencing, Software, Cell Culture, High Throughput Screening Assay, Clinical Proteomics, Membrane, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Expressing, Immunofluorescence, Staining

    Human neutrophils increase the expression of (A) the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6), (B) the pro-inflammatory chemokines CXCL1 and (C) the pro-inflammatory chemokine CXCL8 in the normal human cholangiocyte (NHC) cell line. IL-6, CXCL1 and CXCL8 expression each is significantly increased in the NHC cell line co-cultured with neutrophils from healthy control subjects, and the increase is even greater when co-cultured with neutrophils from patients with AH. Data represent mean ± SEM (n=4), *p<0.05. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) increases the expression of (D) IL-6, (E) CXCL1 and (F) CXCL8 in the NHC cell line in a dose-dependent manner. Data represent mean ± SEM (n=4), (**p<0.01; ***p<0.0001). Note that the increase in CXCL8 expression is much more than that of IL-6 or CXCL1 in response to either neutrophils or LPS. (G) CXCL8 is responsible for recruiting neutrophils to NHCs. Left: representative differential interference contrast (DIC) and CMTMR fluorescence images of neutrophil migration assay (left). Neutrophils (polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN)) were stained with CMTMR CellTracker (red) and co-cultured with NHCs in the presence of either LPS or CXCL8 antagonist. Recombinant CXCL8 was used as a positive control for neutrophil migration. LPS and recombinant CXCL8 each stimulate migration of neutrophils through Transwell membranes, and the CXCL8 antagonist inhibits LPS-induced neutrophil migration. Original magnification ×20. Right: quantitative assessment of neutrophil migration across a permeable Transwell chamber. Data represent mean ± SEM (n=5), ***p<0.0001. (H) Proposed mechanism by which neutrophils interact with cholangiocytes to cause cholestasis in alcoholic hepatitis. Endotoxin (LPS) stimulates cholangiocytes to produce IL-6, CXCL1 and CXCL8, thus recruiting neutrophils to bile ducts. Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on the neutrophils interact with integrin β1 (ITGB1) on cholangiocytes, which triggers RAC1 signalling to phosphorylate JNK. Phospho-JNK (pJNK) then enters the nucleus to phosphorylate the transcription factor c-Jun/AP-1, which in turn binds to AP1 sites on the promoter of the ITPR3 gene to suppress expression of ITPR3. Loss of ITPR3 expression results in loss of Ca2+-mediated biliary bicarbonate secretion, which contributes to cholestasis.

    Journal: Gut

    Article Title: Neutrophils interact with cholangiocytes to cause cholestatic changes in alcoholic hepatitis

    doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322540

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Human neutrophils increase the expression of (A) the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6), (B) the pro-inflammatory chemokines CXCL1 and (C) the pro-inflammatory chemokine CXCL8 in the normal human cholangiocyte (NHC) cell line. IL-6, CXCL1 and CXCL8 expression each is significantly increased in the NHC cell line co-cultured with neutrophils from healthy control subjects, and the increase is even greater when co-cultured with neutrophils from patients with AH. Data represent mean ± SEM (n=4), *p<0.05. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) increases the expression of (D) IL-6, (E) CXCL1 and (F) CXCL8 in the NHC cell line in a dose-dependent manner. Data represent mean ± SEM (n=4), (**p<0.01; ***p<0.0001). Note that the increase in CXCL8 expression is much more than that of IL-6 or CXCL1 in response to either neutrophils or LPS. (G) CXCL8 is responsible for recruiting neutrophils to NHCs. Left: representative differential interference contrast (DIC) and CMTMR fluorescence images of neutrophil migration assay (left). Neutrophils (polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN)) were stained with CMTMR CellTracker (red) and co-cultured with NHCs in the presence of either LPS or CXCL8 antagonist. Recombinant CXCL8 was used as a positive control for neutrophil migration. LPS and recombinant CXCL8 each stimulate migration of neutrophils through Transwell membranes, and the CXCL8 antagonist inhibits LPS-induced neutrophil migration. Original magnification ×20. Right: quantitative assessment of neutrophil migration across a permeable Transwell chamber. Data represent mean ± SEM (n=5), ***p<0.0001. (H) Proposed mechanism by which neutrophils interact with cholangiocytes to cause cholestasis in alcoholic hepatitis. Endotoxin (LPS) stimulates cholangiocytes to produce IL-6, CXCL1 and CXCL8, thus recruiting neutrophils to bile ducts. Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on the neutrophils interact with integrin β1 (ITGB1) on cholangiocytes, which triggers RAC1 signalling to phosphorylate JNK. Phospho-JNK (pJNK) then enters the nucleus to phosphorylate the transcription factor c-Jun/AP-1, which in turn binds to AP1 sites on the promoter of the ITPR3 gene to suppress expression of ITPR3. Loss of ITPR3 expression results in loss of Ca2+-mediated biliary bicarbonate secretion, which contributes to cholestasis.

    Article Snippet: Functional blocking interventions To inhibit the function of ITGB1 in cholangiocytes, an anti-β1-integrin function blocking antibody (AIIB1, Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank) was used.

    Techniques: Expressing, Cell Culture, Control, Fluorescence, Migration, Staining, Recombinant, Positive Control