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Provencher Inc lcmodel (version 6.0-1) analysis program
Simulation used to optimize the stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) settings. (a) Simulated metabolite magnetic resonance (MR) spectra for STEAM {TE,TM}={240, 27 ms} centered on the spectral region surrounding the Glu multiplet at ∼2.35 p.p.m. Metabolites at equimolar concentrations include: glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), glutathione (GSH), homocarnosine (HC), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and N-acetylaspartate (NAA). (b) Scaled metabolite spectra based on typical literature concentrations (relative to Glu at 100%), NAA (120%), GABA (15%), HC (3%), GSH (20%), and Gln (40%). No significant overlap with the target Glu signal arises from GSH or HC. Since the NAA-asparate signal amplitude is well characterized by its singlet, its overlap as a contaminating signal can be readily accounted for during <t>LCModel</t> analysis. Within the Glu target band, only Gln (Gln peak/Glu peak ∼8%) and GABA (∼7%) contamination will have a minor impact on quantification under these optimized stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) acquisition timings.
Lcmodel (Version 6.0 1) Analysis Program, supplied by Provencher Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/analysis+program+lcmodel/lcmodel+software/pmc03442339-79-8-14
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
lcmodel (version 6.0-1) analysis program - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
90/100 stars

Images

1) Product Images from "Increased Glutamate Levels in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Patients with Postpartum Depression"

Article Title: Increased Glutamate Levels in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Patients with Postpartum Depression

Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology

doi: 10.1038/npp.2012.101

Simulation used to optimize the stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) settings. (a) Simulated metabolite magnetic resonance (MR) spectra for STEAM {TE,TM}={240, 27 ms} centered on the spectral region surrounding the Glu multiplet at ∼2.35 p.p.m. Metabolites at equimolar concentrations include: glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), glutathione (GSH), homocarnosine (HC), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and N-acetylaspartate (NAA). (b) Scaled metabolite spectra based on typical literature concentrations (relative to Glu at 100%), NAA (120%), GABA (15%), HC (3%), GSH (20%), and Gln (40%). No significant overlap with the target Glu signal arises from GSH or HC. Since the NAA-asparate signal amplitude is well characterized by its singlet, its overlap as a contaminating signal can be readily accounted for during LCModel analysis. Within the Glu target band, only Gln (Gln peak/Glu peak ∼8%) and GABA (∼7%) contamination will have a minor impact on quantification under these optimized stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) acquisition timings.
Figure Legend Snippet: Simulation used to optimize the stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) settings. (a) Simulated metabolite magnetic resonance (MR) spectra for STEAM {TE,TM}={240, 27 ms} centered on the spectral region surrounding the Glu multiplet at ∼2.35 p.p.m. Metabolites at equimolar concentrations include: glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), glutathione (GSH), homocarnosine (HC), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and N-acetylaspartate (NAA). (b) Scaled metabolite spectra based on typical literature concentrations (relative to Glu at 100%), NAA (120%), GABA (15%), HC (3%), GSH (20%), and Gln (40%). No significant overlap with the target Glu signal arises from GSH or HC. Since the NAA-asparate signal amplitude is well characterized by its singlet, its overlap as a contaminating signal can be readily accounted for during LCModel analysis. Within the Glu target band, only Gln (Gln peak/Glu peak ∼8%) and GABA (∼7%) contamination will have a minor impact on quantification under these optimized stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) acquisition timings.

Techniques Used: Serial Time-encoded Amplified Microscopy

Sample stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) localized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) data acquired from the medial prefrontal cortex and with sequence timings optimized for recovering signal from glutamate (STEAM TE, TM=240, 27 ms). The spectra illustrate the unfiltered data superimposed with the LCModel fit in red. Glu, glutamate; NAA+NAAG, N-acetylaspartate plus N-acetylaspartylglutamate; t-Cr, creatine plus phosphocreatine; t-Cho, glycerophosphorylcholine plus phosphorylcholine; p.p.m., parts per million.
Figure Legend Snippet: Sample stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) localized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) data acquired from the medial prefrontal cortex and with sequence timings optimized for recovering signal from glutamate (STEAM TE, TM=240, 27 ms). The spectra illustrate the unfiltered data superimposed with the LCModel fit in red. Glu, glutamate; NAA+NAAG, N-acetylaspartate plus N-acetylaspartylglutamate; t-Cr, creatine plus phosphocreatine; t-Cho, glycerophosphorylcholine plus phosphorylcholine; p.p.m., parts per million.

Techniques Used: Serial Time-encoded Amplified Microscopy, Spectroscopy, Sequencing

Related Articles

Software:

Article Title: Effects of Maternal Depression and Antidepressant Treatment on Neurotransmitters, Brain Regions, and Mitochondrial Function in Rat Dams.
Article Snippet: Increasing evidence suggests that mothers experience stress before or during pregnancy, which can significantly impact their GABAergic system and lead to amygdala hyperactivity.. While animal models are expected to reflect the above findings in humans, the current knowledge on the effects of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) in rat dams remains insufficient.. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the structural and neurochemical alterations in the dorsal hippocampus, specifically gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) relative to total creatine (tCr), induced by the CUMS and the effects of antidepressant mirtazapine (MIR) treatment.

Article Title: Pregnant maternal brain dorsal anterior cingulate cortex choline/creatine ratios on 1H-MR spectroscopy in opioid exposure
Article Snippet: .. Metabolite concentration ratios were derived using LCModel software (Provencher, ). ..

other:

Article Title: Exploring the Effects of Prefrontal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Brain Metabolites: A Concurrent tDCS ‐ MRS Study
Article Snippet: LCModel (Linear Combination Model, Version 6.3‐1R), a reliable and model‐free method for analyzing brain metabolites, was employed (Provencher , ).

Article Title: Sub-Microliter 1 H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for In Vivo High-Spatial Resolution Metabolite Quantification in the Mouse Brain.
Article Snippet: Absolute metabolite concentrations were derived with LCModel Version 6.3- 1C (Provencher 1993) using in- house simulated basis spectra based on density- matrix formalism.

Article Title: The effect of age and sex on brain metabolites: from childhood to adulthood.
Article Snippet: Metabolite concentration quantification was performed using LCModel version 6.3 software (Provencher, 2001), using water scaling to obtain absolute concentrations.

Article Title: Sub‐Microliter 1 H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for In Vivo High‐Spatial Resolution Metabolite Quantification in the Mouse Brain
Article Snippet: Absolute metabolite concentrations were derived with LCModel Version 6.3‐1C (Provencher ) using in‐house simulated basis spectra based on density‐matrix formalism.

Article Title: Exploring the Effects of Prefrontal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Brain Metabolites: A Concurrent tDCS-MRS Study.
Article Snippet: LCModel (Linear Combination Model, Version 6.3- 1R), a reliable and model- free method for analyzing brain metabolites, was employed (Provencher 1993, 2001).

Article Title: Low carbohydrate and low-calorie diets reduce liver fat and lower brain glutamate and myo -inositol levels in patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)
Article Snippet: The glutamate (Glu) and myo -inositol (mI) resonances were identified and quantified using LCModel (Version 6.3-R) (Provencher ) and their concentrations were reported in molality units relative to tissue water (Knight-Scott et al. ).

Concentration Assay:

Article Title: Pregnant maternal brain dorsal anterior cingulate cortex choline/creatine ratios on 1H-MR spectroscopy in opioid exposure
Article Snippet: .. Metabolite concentration ratios were derived using LCModel software (Provencher, ). ..

Derivative Assay:

Article Title: Pregnant maternal brain dorsal anterior cingulate cortex choline/creatine ratios on 1H-MR spectroscopy in opioid exposure
Article Snippet: .. Metabolite concentration ratios were derived using LCModel software (Provencher, ). ..



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Simulation used to optimize the stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) settings. (a) Simulated metabolite magnetic resonance (MR) spectra for STEAM {TE,TM}={240, 27 ms} centered on the spectral region surrounding the Glu multiplet at ∼2.35 p.p.m. Metabolites at equimolar concentrations include: glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), glutathione (GSH), homocarnosine (HC), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and N-acetylaspartate (NAA). (b) Scaled metabolite spectra based on typical literature concentrations (relative to Glu at 100%), NAA (120%), GABA (15%), HC (3%), GSH (20%), and Gln (40%). No significant overlap with the target Glu signal arises from GSH or HC. Since the NAA-asparate signal amplitude is well characterized by its singlet, its overlap as a contaminating signal can be readily accounted for during <t>LCModel</t> analysis. Within the Glu target band, only Gln (Gln peak/Glu peak ∼8%) and GABA (∼7%) contamination will have a minor impact on quantification under these optimized stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) acquisition timings.
Lcmodel (Version 6.0 1) Analysis Program, supplied by Provencher Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/analysis+program+lcmodel/lcmodel+software/pmc03442339-79-8-14
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
lcmodel (version 6.0-1) analysis program - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

Image Search Results


Simulation used to optimize the stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) settings. (a) Simulated metabolite magnetic resonance (MR) spectra for STEAM {TE,TM}={240, 27 ms} centered on the spectral region surrounding the Glu multiplet at ∼2.35 p.p.m. Metabolites at equimolar concentrations include: glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), glutathione (GSH), homocarnosine (HC), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and N-acetylaspartate (NAA). (b) Scaled metabolite spectra based on typical literature concentrations (relative to Glu at 100%), NAA (120%), GABA (15%), HC (3%), GSH (20%), and Gln (40%). No significant overlap with the target Glu signal arises from GSH or HC. Since the NAA-asparate signal amplitude is well characterized by its singlet, its overlap as a contaminating signal can be readily accounted for during LCModel analysis. Within the Glu target band, only Gln (Gln peak/Glu peak ∼8%) and GABA (∼7%) contamination will have a minor impact on quantification under these optimized stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) acquisition timings.

Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology

Article Title: Increased Glutamate Levels in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Patients with Postpartum Depression

doi: 10.1038/npp.2012.101

Figure Lengend Snippet: Simulation used to optimize the stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) settings. (a) Simulated metabolite magnetic resonance (MR) spectra for STEAM {TE,TM}={240, 27 ms} centered on the spectral region surrounding the Glu multiplet at ∼2.35 p.p.m. Metabolites at equimolar concentrations include: glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), glutathione (GSH), homocarnosine (HC), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and N-acetylaspartate (NAA). (b) Scaled metabolite spectra based on typical literature concentrations (relative to Glu at 100%), NAA (120%), GABA (15%), HC (3%), GSH (20%), and Gln (40%). No significant overlap with the target Glu signal arises from GSH or HC. Since the NAA-asparate signal amplitude is well characterized by its singlet, its overlap as a contaminating signal can be readily accounted for during LCModel analysis. Within the Glu target band, only Gln (Gln peak/Glu peak ∼8%) and GABA (∼7%) contamination will have a minor impact on quantification under these optimized stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) acquisition timings.

Article Snippet: The in vivo data were analyzed using the LCModel (version 6.0-1) analysis program ( Provencher, 1993 ).

Techniques: Serial Time-encoded Amplified Microscopy

Sample stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) localized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) data acquired from the medial prefrontal cortex and with sequence timings optimized for recovering signal from glutamate (STEAM TE, TM=240, 27 ms). The spectra illustrate the unfiltered data superimposed with the LCModel fit in red. Glu, glutamate; NAA+NAAG, N-acetylaspartate plus N-acetylaspartylglutamate; t-Cr, creatine plus phosphocreatine; t-Cho, glycerophosphorylcholine plus phosphorylcholine; p.p.m., parts per million.

Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology

Article Title: Increased Glutamate Levels in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Patients with Postpartum Depression

doi: 10.1038/npp.2012.101

Figure Lengend Snippet: Sample stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) localized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) data acquired from the medial prefrontal cortex and with sequence timings optimized for recovering signal from glutamate (STEAM TE, TM=240, 27 ms). The spectra illustrate the unfiltered data superimposed with the LCModel fit in red. Glu, glutamate; NAA+NAAG, N-acetylaspartate plus N-acetylaspartylglutamate; t-Cr, creatine plus phosphocreatine; t-Cho, glycerophosphorylcholine plus phosphorylcholine; p.p.m., parts per million.

Article Snippet: The in vivo data were analyzed using the LCModel (version 6.0-1) analysis program ( Provencher, 1993 ).

Techniques: Serial Time-encoded Amplified Microscopy, Spectroscopy, Sequencing