Journal: Oncotarget

Article Title: The polycomb group protein BMI-1 inhibitor PTC-209 is a potent anti-myeloma agent alone or in combination with epigenetic inhibitors targeting EZH2 and the BET bromodomains

doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.21909

Figure Lengend Snippet: Synergistic and/or additive activity of drug combinations was confirmed by co-treatment of CD138 + cells purified from newly diagnosed MM patients with PTC-209 and either UNC1999 ( A ) or JQ1 ( B ). Combination index (CI) values were determined using CompuSyn software. CI values < 0.8; 0.8–1.2 or > 1.2 indicated synergistic, additive, or antagonistic drug activities, respectively. DMSO was used as control treatment. Combinatorial treatments were performed for 72 hours. Error bars represent standard deviation of three technical replicates. P -values were calculated using student t -test in GraphPad Prism, P -value: * ≤ 0.05; ** ≤ 0.01; *** ≤ 0.001.

Article Snippet: Plasma cells were selected by immunomagnetic enrichment for CD138 + cells (Human Whole Blood CD138 Microbeads Column Kit, Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Purification, Software, Control, Standard Deviation

Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology

Article Title: High expression of endoplasmic reticulum chaperone grp94 is a novel molecular hallmark of malignant plasma cells in multiple myeloma

doi: 10.1186/s13045-015-0177-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: grp94 is preferentially expressed on plasma cells. a Human bone marrow cells were analyzed and representative FACS plots of different populations in MM. Histograms show the intracellular staining of grp94 on different populations ( open histogram indicates grp94; shaded histogram , isotype control). Population I CD38 − CD138 − cells (non-B cells), population II CD38 low CD138 − cells (naïve B cells), population III CD38 int CD138 − cells (pro- and pre-B cells), population IV CD38 high CD138 + cells (plasma cells). b Quantification of grp94 expression in different populations of bone marrow from the patients with MM. Error bars indicate standard error of the mean. *** p < 0.001

Article Snippet: CD138 + and CD138 − cells were isolated from BM by using human CD138 positive selection kit (StemCell Technologies Inc., Vancouver, Canada).

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Staining, Control, Expressing

Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology

Article Title: High expression of endoplasmic reticulum chaperone grp94 is a novel molecular hallmark of malignant plasma cells in multiple myeloma

doi: 10.1186/s13045-015-0177-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: grp94 is highly expressed in plasma cells. a Q-RT-PCR analysis of grp94 mRNA in CD138 + plasma cells and CD138 − non-plasma cells. 18S ribosomal RNA was used as an internal control. The quantity of transcripts for respective genes was expressed as a relative fluorescence unit ( RFU ), calculated based on the number of cycles to reach the threshold of detection (Ct) using the formula of 2 ΔCt (Ct interest − Ct 18S rRNA ). b Western blot for grp94 of CD138 + plasma cells and CD138 − non-plasma cells. β-actin was blotted to indicate equal loading of cell lysates

Article Snippet: CD138 + and CD138 − cells were isolated from BM by using human CD138 positive selection kit (StemCell Technologies Inc., Vancouver, Canada).

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Control, Fluorescence, Western Blot

Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology

Article Title: High expression of endoplasmic reticulum chaperone grp94 is a novel molecular hallmark of malignant plasma cells in multiple myeloma

doi: 10.1186/s13045-015-0177-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: grp94 is highly expressed on malignant plasma cells in MM. a Quantification of grp94 expression in the plasma cells from the patients with MM, MGUS/SMM, and NPC. Error bars indicate standard error of the mean. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. b Quantification of CD138 expression in the plasma cells from the patients with MM, MGUS/SMM, and NPC. Error bars indicate standard error of the mean. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. c Correlations between grp94 expression and CD138 expression in plasma cells from patients with MM ( left panel ) and patients with MGUS/SMM ( right panel )

Article Snippet: CD138 + and CD138 − cells were isolated from BM by using human CD138 positive selection kit (StemCell Technologies Inc., Vancouver, Canada).

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Expressing