Journal: Heliyon

Article Title: Asiaticoside inhibits breast cancer progression and tumor angiogenesis via YAP1/VEGFA signal pathway

doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37169

Figure Lengend Snippet: AC regulates the YAP1/VEGFA signaling axis within breast cancer cells. (A) AC (2 μM) treatment decreases YAP1 and VEGFA mRNA level, as detected by RT-qPCR. (B) Western blots shows that AC treatment decreases the protein levels of YAP1 and VEGFA. (C–F) MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with AC (2 μM), AC + IBS003031 (a YAP1 agonist, 10 μM) and AC + recombinant VEGFA (20 ng/ml). (C) Cell proliferation analysis by CCK-8 assay; (D) Transwell migration assay; (E) Transwell invasion assay; and (F) Apoptosis detection in above experimental groups. N = 3 independent experiments. Cells were treated with chemicals for 48 h. Transwell invasion and migration assay were performed for 24 h using the cells after chemical treatment. Statistics: A–B: student's t -test; C: two-way ANOVA; D–F: one-way ANOVA. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: IBS003031 (a YAP1 agonist, 10 μM, ProbeChem, CA, USA) and recombinant VEGFA (20 ng/ml, Sino Biological, Shanghai, China) were applied together with AC for 48 h to examine the effect of YAP1/VEGFA signal upon AC treatment.

Techniques: Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Recombinant, CCK-8 Assay, Transwell Migration Assay, Transwell Invasion Assay, Migration

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Induced retinal pigment epithelial cells with anti-epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition ability delay retinal degeneration

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105050

Figure Lengend Snippet: iRPE cells have similar phenotype and functions as iPSC-RPE cells (A) Schematic for the transforming process. A cocktail of TF-expressing retroviruses was used to transfect De-iPSC-RPE cells. After seven days, iRPE clone was observed in the culture and picked out for subculturing. (B and C) RPE-specific and EMT-associated markers detected by (B) immunostaining and (C) western blotting after cells were cultured for 8 days. The expression pattern of these markers in iRPE cells is more similar to that in iPSC-RPE cells. Scale bar = 50 μm. (D) Electron micrographs of iPSC-RPE cells, De-iPSC-RPE cells, and iRPE cells demonstrated that quite a few microvilli were on the surface of iRPE and iPSC-RPE cells. Scale bar = 0.5 μm. (E and F) The bound and phagocyted POSs (pointed by arrows) in iPSC-RPE, De-iPSC-RPE, and iRPE cells (E) and quantification of phagocytosis (F) as determined by the number of bound and phagocyted POS per field. Scale bar = 50 μm. Data are mean ± SD, one-way ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni test, n ≥ 5. (G and H) TER analysis (G) and HRP permeability assay (H) showed that iRPE cells maintained the same epithelial integrity as iPSC-RPE cells. Data are mean ± SD, one-way ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni test, n = 6. (I) Expression levels of PEDF and VEGF from upper and lower chambers were determined by ELISA. iRPE cells and iPSC-RPE cells demonstrated similar secretion patterns. Data are mean ± SD, one-way ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni test, n = 3.

Article Snippet: PEDF and VEGF were quantified by PEDF ELISA kit (Elabscience, Wuhan, China) and VEGF ELISA kit (Proteintech).

Techniques: Expressing, Subculturing Assay, Immunostaining, Western Blot, Cell Culture, Permeability, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Induced retinal pigment epithelial cells with anti-epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition ability delay retinal degeneration

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105050

Figure Lengend Snippet: BMP7 and FOXF2 are critical regulators of EMT in iRPE cells (A) The higher level of BMP7 secreted by iRPE cells compared with De-iPSC-RPE cells was determined by ELISA. Data are mean ± SD, unpaired two-sided t-tests, n = 4. (B and C) The reduced expression level of FOXF2 in iRPE compared with that in De-iPSC-RPE cells was determined by (B) immunostaining and (C) western blotting. Scale bar = 50 μm. (D) The efficiency of bmp7 knockdown was determined by qRT-PCR; shBmp7-1 was slightly more efficient at reducing the mRNA level of bmp7 than shBmp7-2; therefore, it was selected for subsequent experiments. Data are mean ± SD, one-way ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni test, n = 4. (E) The shBmp7 construct contained the ZsGreen expression element to indicate successful transfection. Scale bar = 50 μm. (F and G) FLAG-FOXF2 overexpression (ov-FOXF2) in (F) iRPE cells (G) shBmp7-iRPE cells. Scale bar = 50 μm. (H and I) The expression levels of RPE-specific markers and EMT markers were determined by (H) western blotting and (I) quantitative analysis. Data are mean ± SD, one-way ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni test, n = 3. (J) BMP7 expression levels in shCont-iRPE, shBmp7-iRPE, ov-FOXF2- iRPE, and shBmp7 + ov-FOXF2-iRPE. Data are mean ± SD, one-way ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni test, n = 4. (K) The immunostaining of RPE-specific markers and EMT markers. Overexpression of FOXF2 exhibited similar effects to knockdown of bmp7 in iRPE cells by downregulating RPE markers and upregulating EMT marker. Scale bar = 50 μm.

Article Snippet: PEDF and VEGF were quantified by PEDF ELISA kit (Elabscience, Wuhan, China) and VEGF ELISA kit (Proteintech).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Immunostaining, Western Blot, Knockdown, Quantitative RT-PCR, Construct, Transfection, Over Expression, Marker

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Induced retinal pigment epithelial cells with anti-epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition ability delay retinal degeneration

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105050

Figure Lengend Snippet: Four TFs transcriptionally regulate bmp7 , foxf2 , lin7a , pard6b , and ppm1a in a direct or indirect manner (A) ELISA analysis demonstrated that BMP7 levels was reduced in 4TFs−nr2e1-RPE, 4TFs−mitf-a-RPE, 4TFs−c-myc-RPE, and 4TFs−crx-RPE cells compared with that in iRPE cells. Data are mean ± SD, one-way ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni test, n = 4. (B and C) The levels of FOXF2, LIN7A, PARD6B, and PPM1A were determined by (B) western blotting and (C) quantitative analysis. Data are mean ± SD, one-way ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni test, n = 3. (D) Generation of FLAG-MITF-A-iRPE, FLAG-CRX-iRPE, FLAG-NR2E1-iRPE, and FLAG-C-MYC-iRPE cells. Scale bar = 50 μm. (E–I) Enriched peaks of CRX binding to the target genes and fold enrichment of CRX immunoprecipitation compared with IgG control, as determined by qRT-PCR. Data are mean ± SD, unpaired two-sided t-tests, n = 3. (J–M) Enriched peaks of MITF-A and NR2E1 binding to the target gene lin7a and fold enrichment of MITF-A and NR2E1 immunoprecipitation compared with IgG control, as determined by qRT-PCR. Data are mean ± SD, unpaired two-sided t-tests, n = 3. (N) Schematic model for the regulation of EMT and MET processes by the four TFs. CRX, MITF-A, NR2E1, and C-MYC directly or indirectly regulated the expression of bmp7 , lin7a , pard6b, ppm1a , and foxf2 to inhibit EMT and promote MET.

Article Snippet: PEDF and VEGF were quantified by PEDF ELISA kit (Elabscience, Wuhan, China) and VEGF ELISA kit (Proteintech).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Western Blot, Binding Assay, Immunoprecipitation, Control, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing

Journal: Genes

Article Title: Clinical Relevance of +936 C>T VEGFA and c.233C>T bFGF Polymorphisms in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

doi: 10.3390/genes11060686

Figure Lengend Snippet: Characteristics of the analyzed polymorphisms.

Article Snippet: VEGFA , 6 , 43837733 , rs1109324 , G/T , T , Promoter , C_8311589_10.

Techniques: TaqMan Assay

Journal: Genes

Article Title: Clinical Relevance of +936 C>T VEGFA and c.233C>T bFGF Polymorphisms in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

doi: 10.3390/genes11060686

Figure Lengend Snippet: Genotypic and allelic frequencies of VEGF , VEGFR1 and bFGF polymorphisms and B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia risk.

Article Snippet: VEGFA , 6 , 43837733 , rs1109324 , G/T , T , Promoter , C_8311589_10.

Techniques:

Journal: Genes

Article Title: Clinical Relevance of +936 C>T VEGFA and c.233C>T bFGF Polymorphisms in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

doi: 10.3390/genes11060686

Figure Lengend Snippet: Haplotype analysis of rs3025039, rs1109324, rs1547651 and rs833052 VEGFA SNPs and risk of developing B-CLL. The table shows haplotype frequency, odds ratio and p -value in genomic DNA from peripheral blood of all participants in this study. The haplotypes frequencies for the control group and the B-CLL group are shown in columns six and seven, respectively.

Article Snippet: VEGFA , 6 , 43837733 , rs1109324 , G/T , T , Promoter , C_8311589_10.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Genes

Article Title: Clinical Relevance of +936 C>T VEGFA and c.233C>T bFGF Polymorphisms in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

doi: 10.3390/genes11060686

Figure Lengend Snippet: Association of VEGFA and bFGF genotypes in B-CLL patients with significant risk factors.

Article Snippet: VEGFA , 6 , 43837733 , rs1109324 , G/T , T , Promoter , C_8311589_10.

Techniques:

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: E7050 Suppresses the Growth of Multidrug-Resistant Human Uterine Sarcoma by Inhibiting Angiogenesis via Targeting of VEGFR2-Mediated Signaling Pathways

doi: 10.3390/ijms24119606

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of E7050 on VEGFR2-mediated signaling pathways in VEGF-stimulated HUVECs. Cells were serum-starved for 6 h and then pretreated with E7050 (5 and 10 μM) or vehicle for 1 h, followed by stimulation with VEGF (100 ng/mL) for another 10 min (VEGFR2, PLCγ1, FAK, and Src) or 30 min (Akt, JNK, and p38 MAPK) before proteins were collected. The expression and phosphorylation status of VEGFR2 and its downstream effectors, including PLCγ1, FAK, Src, Akt, JNK, and p38 MAPK, were detected by Western blotting using respective antibodies. ( A ) E7050 inhibited the phosphorylation (Tyr1175) of VEGFR2 induced by VEGF in HUVECs. ( B ) The quantified results show that the ratio of p-VEGFR2 protein normalized to the total amount of VEGFR2 protein, which was measured by densitometry. ( C ) E7050 inhibited the phosphorylation of PLCγ1, FAK, and Src in VEGF-stimulated HUVECs. Calculated ratios of ( D ) p-PLCγ1, ( E ) p-FAK, and ( F ) p-Src normalized to the relative total protein levels are shown. ( G ) E7050 inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt, JNK, and p38 MAPK in VEGF-stimulated HUVECs. The compiled results of the ratios of ( H ) p-Akt, ( I ) p-JNK, and ( J ) p-p38 MAPK normalized to the relative total protein levels are shown. The data are presented as mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. # p < 0.05 compared with the untreated cells. * p < 0.05 compared with the vehicle-treated cells.

Article Snippet: The concentrations of VEGF in the culture supernatants of E7050-treated MES-SA/Dx5 cells were measured using the commercial human VEGF ELISA Kit PicoKine TM according to the instructions of the manufacturer (Boster Biological Technology, Pleasanton, CA, USA).

Techniques: Protein-Protein interactions, Expressing, Phospho-proteomics, Western Blot

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: E7050 Suppresses the Growth of Multidrug-Resistant Human Uterine Sarcoma by Inhibiting Angiogenesis via Targeting of VEGFR2-Mediated Signaling Pathways

doi: 10.3390/ijms24119606

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of E7050 on the expression level of HGF in MES-SA/Dx5 cells. ( A ) Cells were treated with various concentrations (5–25 μM) of E7050 for 24 h. Whole cell extracts were prepared and subjected to Western blotting using antibodies against HGF and β-actin. β-actin was used as an internal loading control. ( B ) Densitometric analysis of blots relative to HGF protein after normalization with β-actin. ( C ) Secreted HGF in cell culture media was determined by ELISA. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. * p < 0.05 versus vehicle-treated control cells.

Article Snippet: The concentrations of VEGF in the culture supernatants of E7050-treated MES-SA/Dx5 cells were measured using the commercial human VEGF ELISA Kit PicoKine TM according to the instructions of the manufacturer (Boster Biological Technology, Pleasanton, CA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Control, Cell Culture, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: E7050 Suppresses the Growth of Multidrug-Resistant Human Uterine Sarcoma by Inhibiting Angiogenesis via Targeting of VEGFR2-Mediated Signaling Pathways

doi: 10.3390/ijms24119606

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of E7050 on VEGFR2-mediated signaling pathways in cultured MES-SA/Dx5 cells-derived conditioned medium (CM)-treated HUVECs. Cells were serum-starved for 6 h and pretreated with E7050 (5 and 10 μM) or vehicle for 1 h, followed by the addition of VEGF (100 ng/mL) or CM (from cultured MES-SA/Dx5 cells) for another 10 min (VEGFR2, FAK, and Src) or 30 min (Akt, JNK, and p38 MAPK) before protein extraction. The expression and phosphorylation status of VEGFR2 and its downstream effectors, including FAK, Src, Akt, JNK, and p38 MAPK, were detected by Western blotting using specific antibodies. ( A ) E7050 inhibited the phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and Src in MES-SA/Dx5 CM-induced HUVECs. ( B ) The relative band density of p-VEGFR2 protein was normalized to total VEGFR2 protein, which was measured by densitometry. Calculated ratios of ( C ) p-FAK and ( D ) p-Src normalized to the relative total protein levels are shown. ( E ) E7050 inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt, JNK, and p38 MAPK in MES-SA/Dx5 CM-induced HUVECs. The compiled results of the ratios of ( F ) p-Akt, ( G ) p-JNK, and ( H ) p-p38 MAPK normalized to relative total protein levels are shown. The data are presented as mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. # p < 0.05 compared with the untreated cells. * p < 0.05 compared with the vehicle-treated cells.

Article Snippet: The concentrations of VEGF in the culture supernatants of E7050-treated MES-SA/Dx5 cells were measured using the commercial human VEGF ELISA Kit PicoKine TM according to the instructions of the manufacturer (Boster Biological Technology, Pleasanton, CA, USA).

Techniques: Protein-Protein interactions, Cell Culture, Derivative Assay, Protein Extraction, Expressing, Phospho-proteomics, Western Blot

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: E7050 Suppresses the Growth of Multidrug-Resistant Human Uterine Sarcoma by Inhibiting Angiogenesis via Targeting of VEGFR2-Mediated Signaling Pathways

doi: 10.3390/ijms24119606

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of E7050 on tumor growth and angiogenesis in the MES-SA/Dx5 cell line-derived xenograft mouse model. Histological characteristics in the tumor tissue sections of MES-SA/Dx5 xenografts obtained from vehicle- and E7050-treated nude mice on day 28 were measured by H&E staining. The expression levels of CD31, VEGF, and p-VEGFR2 (Tyr1175) in tumor tissue sections were also examined by immunohistochemical analyses. Representative photomicrographs of H&E and immunohistochemical staining in tumor tissue sections from vehicle control and E7050-treated groups of mice are shown. Scale bar: 100 μm.

Article Snippet: The concentrations of VEGF in the culture supernatants of E7050-treated MES-SA/Dx5 cells were measured using the commercial human VEGF ELISA Kit PicoKine TM according to the instructions of the manufacturer (Boster Biological Technology, Pleasanton, CA, USA).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Staining, Expressing, Immunohistochemical staining, Control

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: E7050 Suppresses the Growth of Multidrug-Resistant Human Uterine Sarcoma by Inhibiting Angiogenesis via Targeting of VEGFR2-Mediated Signaling Pathways

doi: 10.3390/ijms24119606

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic diagram of a proposed mechanism of E7050-induced anti-angiogenic activity. E7050 exerts anti-angiogenic effects in VEGF-stimulated endothelial cells by downregulating the phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and its downstream mediators, including PLCγ1, FAK, Src, Akt, JNK, and p38 MAPK. The blockage of VEGFR2-mediated signaling cascade pathways by E7050 contributes to the inhibition of proliferation, migration, and tube formation in endothelial cells.

Article Snippet: The concentrations of VEGF in the culture supernatants of E7050-treated MES-SA/Dx5 cells were measured using the commercial human VEGF ELISA Kit PicoKine TM according to the instructions of the manufacturer (Boster Biological Technology, Pleasanton, CA, USA).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Phospho-proteomics, Inhibition, Migration