Journal: Behavioural brain research

Article Title: Positive and Negative Ultrasonic Social Signals Elicit Opposing Firing Patterns in Rat Amygdala

doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.08.040

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) A pre-recorded 22 kHz USV elicited from a male Sprague-Dawley rat that was given multiple footshocks. (B) A pre-recorded 50 kHz USV recorded from two juvenile rats engaged in rough-and-tumble play. (C) A 22 kHz continuous tone matched to its USV counterpart in frequency, duration and amplitude. (D) A 50 kHz continuous tone matched to its USV counterpart in frequency, duration, and amplitude. (E) Amplitude plot of the 22 kHz USV. (F) Amplitude plot of the 50 kHz USV.

Article Snippet: Continuous tones were matched to their USV counterparts in terms of root frequency and bout duration ( ). fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window Figure 1 caption a7 caption a8 Spectrograms of the four ultrasonic stimuli (A) A pre-recorded 22 kHz USV elicited from a male Sprague-Dawley rat that was given multiple footshocks. (B) A pre-recorded 50 kHz USV recorded from two juvenile rats engaged in rough-and-tumble play. (C) A 22 kHz continuous tone matched to its USV counterpart in frequency, duration and amplitude. (D) A 50 kHz continuous tone matched to its USV counterpart in frequency, duration, and amplitude. (E) Amplitude plot of the 22 kHz USV. (F) Amplitude plot of the 50 kHz USV.

Techniques:

Journal: Behavioural brain research

Article Title: Positive and Negative Ultrasonic Social Signals Elicit Opposing Firing Patterns in Rat Amygdala

doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.08.040

Figure Lengend Snippet: A) A raster plot and peristimulus time histogram shows that the onset of each call within the 22 kHz USV bout elicited a phasic onset (+) response. B) A three-dimensional contour plot of the same single-unit as panel A. The increase in firing rate is higher at the beginning and end of the USV bout, which gives the contour plot a saddle shape.

Article Snippet: Continuous tones were matched to their USV counterparts in terms of root frequency and bout duration ( ). fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window Figure 1 caption a7 caption a8 Spectrograms of the four ultrasonic stimuli (A) A pre-recorded 22 kHz USV elicited from a male Sprague-Dawley rat that was given multiple footshocks. (B) A pre-recorded 50 kHz USV recorded from two juvenile rats engaged in rough-and-tumble play. (C) A 22 kHz continuous tone matched to its USV counterpart in frequency, duration and amplitude. (D) A 50 kHz continuous tone matched to its USV counterpart in frequency, duration, and amplitude. (E) Amplitude plot of the 22 kHz USV. (F) Amplitude plot of the 50 kHz USV.

Techniques:

Journal: Behavioural brain research

Article Title: Positive and Negative Ultrasonic Social Signals Elicit Opposing Firing Patterns in Rat Amygdala

doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.08.040

Figure Lengend Snippet: Distribution of stimulus-elicited firing patterns in the lateral and basal nuclei of the amygdala to four ultrasonic stimuli.

Article Snippet: Continuous tones were matched to their USV counterparts in terms of root frequency and bout duration ( ). fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window Figure 1 caption a7 caption a8 Spectrograms of the four ultrasonic stimuli (A) A pre-recorded 22 kHz USV elicited from a male Sprague-Dawley rat that was given multiple footshocks. (B) A pre-recorded 50 kHz USV recorded from two juvenile rats engaged in rough-and-tumble play. (C) A 22 kHz continuous tone matched to its USV counterpart in frequency, duration and amplitude. (D) A 50 kHz continuous tone matched to its USV counterpart in frequency, duration, and amplitude. (E) Amplitude plot of the 22 kHz USV. (F) Amplitude plot of the 50 kHz USV.

Techniques:

Journal: Behavioural brain research

Article Title: Positive and Negative Ultrasonic Social Signals Elicit Opposing Firing Patterns in Rat Amygdala

doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.08.040

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gray shading represents the stimulus presentation. Each time bin is 50 ms wide. Not all possible combinations of firing patterns are shown. A) A phasic onset (+) response elicited by the 22 kHz USV. B) A compound firing pattern, elicited by the 22 kHz Tone, consisting of a phasic onset (+), a tonic (+), and a phasic offset (+) response. C) A tonic (+) response to the 22 kHz USV. D) A tonic (−) response to the 50 kHz USV.

Article Snippet: Continuous tones were matched to their USV counterparts in terms of root frequency and bout duration ( ). fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window Figure 1 caption a7 caption a8 Spectrograms of the four ultrasonic stimuli (A) A pre-recorded 22 kHz USV elicited from a male Sprague-Dawley rat that was given multiple footshocks. (B) A pre-recorded 50 kHz USV recorded from two juvenile rats engaged in rough-and-tumble play. (C) A 22 kHz continuous tone matched to its USV counterpart in frequency, duration and amplitude. (D) A 50 kHz continuous tone matched to its USV counterpart in frequency, duration, and amplitude. (E) Amplitude plot of the 22 kHz USV. (F) Amplitude plot of the 50 kHz USV.

Techniques:

Journal: Behavioural brain research

Article Title: Positive and Negative Ultrasonic Social Signals Elicit Opposing Firing Patterns in Rat Amygdala

doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.08.040

Figure Lengend Snippet: Firing rates for each unit and 10 ms time bin were transformed to Z-scores and averaged (see Methods). The mean Z-scores are plotted as a function of time. In each plot, the first arrow indicates the earliest latency to fire, and the second arrow indicates the earliest latency to the peak firing rate. (A) For the 22 kHz tone, the earliest significant increase in the firing rate occurred between 10–20 ms and the earliest latency to peak firing occurred between 30–40 ms. (B) For the 22 kHz USV, the earliest significant increase in firing fell in the 10–20 ms bin and the earliest latency to peak firing fell in the 50–60 ms bin. (C) For 50 kHz tone, the earliest significant increase in firing occurred between 20–30 ms and the earliest latency to peak firing occurred between 50–60 ms. The 50 kHz USV was excluded from the latency analysis since this stimulus failed to elicit phasic onset (+) responses (Table 1).

Article Snippet: Continuous tones were matched to their USV counterparts in terms of root frequency and bout duration ( ). fig ft0 fig mode=article f1 fig/graphic|fig/alternatives/graphic mode="anchored" m1 Open in a separate window Figure 1 caption a7 caption a8 Spectrograms of the four ultrasonic stimuli (A) A pre-recorded 22 kHz USV elicited from a male Sprague-Dawley rat that was given multiple footshocks. (B) A pre-recorded 50 kHz USV recorded from two juvenile rats engaged in rough-and-tumble play. (C) A 22 kHz continuous tone matched to its USV counterpart in frequency, duration and amplitude. (D) A 50 kHz continuous tone matched to its USV counterpart in frequency, duration, and amplitude. (E) Amplitude plot of the 22 kHz USV. (F) Amplitude plot of the 50 kHz USV.

Techniques: Transformation Assay

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Primed to vocalize: Wild-derived male house mice increase vocalization rate and diversity after a previous encounter with a female

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242959

Figure Lengend Snippet: Classification of USVs: USV types, their abbreviations, a spectrogram’s example and definitions following the classification of [ , – ].

Article Snippet: Spectro-temporal features of USVs: Length (GLMM) , , , , , , , Relative Likelihood.

Techniques:

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Primed to vocalize: Wild-derived male house mice increase vocalization rate and diversity after a previous encounter with a female

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242959

Figure Lengend Snippet: Approximately half of the males emitted less than 50 USVs during the 10 min trials, though some mice were very vocal (n = 50).

Article Snippet: Spectro-temporal features of USVs: Length (GLMM) , , , , , , , Relative Likelihood.

Techniques:

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Primed to vocalize: Wild-derived male house mice increase vocalization rate and diversity after a previous encounter with a female

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242959

Figure Lengend Snippet: Boxplots of the number of USVs emitted by unprimed (control) and primed males. Boxes around the median (horizontal line) show the interquartile range (quartile 1 to 3) and whiskers extend to 1.5 times this range, or to the most extreme point, whichever is closer to the median. Extreme points are shown as circles. Different letters denote significant differences (p<0.05).

Article Snippet: Spectro-temporal features of USVs: Length (GLMM) , , , , , , , Relative Likelihood.

Techniques: Control

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Primed to vocalize: Wild-derived male house mice increase vocalization rate and diversity after a previous encounter with a female

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242959

Figure Lengend Snippet: Tables 1 to 5 are regression tables of effects of priming on various aspects of vocalization in male mice.

Article Snippet: Spectro-temporal features of USVs: Length (GLMM) , , , , , , , Relative Likelihood.

Techniques:

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Primed to vocalize: Wild-derived male house mice increase vocalization rate and diversity after a previous encounter with a female

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242959

Figure Lengend Snippet: The two spectrograms show a 10 s continuous sequence of the males that emitted most USVs in both groups, (A) the unprimed group and (B) in the group recorded 1d after priming. All lines of the spectrograms are continuous and each line shows 2 s (50 ms interval) of the 10 s sequence. Y-axes represent frequencies between 0–150 kHz with intervals of 25 kHz. Letters indicate examples of vocalization types, following the definitions and abbreviations in . LFV = low-frequency vocalization.

Article Snippet: Spectro-temporal features of USVs: Length (GLMM) , , , , , , , Relative Likelihood.

Techniques: Sequencing

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Primed to vocalize: Wild-derived male house mice increase vocalization rate and diversity after a previous encounter with a female

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242959

Figure Lengend Snippet: Regression table of effects of priming on the spectro-temporal features of USVs in male mice.

Article Snippet: Spectro-temporal features of USVs: Length (GLMM) , , , , , , , Relative Likelihood.

Techniques:

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Primed to vocalize: Wild-derived male house mice increase vocalization rate and diversity after a previous encounter with a female

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242959

Figure Lengend Snippet: Classification of USVs: USV types, their abbreviations, a spectrogram’s example and definitions following the classification of [ , – ].

Article Snippet: Spectro-temporal features of USVs: amplitude (GLMM) , , , , , , , Relative Likelihood.

Techniques:

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Primed to vocalize: Wild-derived male house mice increase vocalization rate and diversity after a previous encounter with a female

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242959

Figure Lengend Snippet: Approximately half of the males emitted less than 50 USVs during the 10 min trials, though some mice were very vocal (n = 50).

Article Snippet: Spectro-temporal features of USVs: amplitude (GLMM) , , , , , , , Relative Likelihood.

Techniques:

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Primed to vocalize: Wild-derived male house mice increase vocalization rate and diversity after a previous encounter with a female

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242959

Figure Lengend Snippet: Boxplots of the number of USVs emitted by unprimed (control) and primed males. Boxes around the median (horizontal line) show the interquartile range (quartile 1 to 3) and whiskers extend to 1.5 times this range, or to the most extreme point, whichever is closer to the median. Extreme points are shown as circles. Different letters denote significant differences (p<0.05).

Article Snippet: Spectro-temporal features of USVs: amplitude (GLMM) , , , , , , , Relative Likelihood.

Techniques: Control

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Primed to vocalize: Wild-derived male house mice increase vocalization rate and diversity after a previous encounter with a female

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242959

Figure Lengend Snippet: Tables 1 to 5 are regression tables of effects of priming on various aspects of vocalization in male mice.

Article Snippet: Spectro-temporal features of USVs: amplitude (GLMM) , , , , , , , Relative Likelihood.

Techniques:

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Primed to vocalize: Wild-derived male house mice increase vocalization rate and diversity after a previous encounter with a female

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242959

Figure Lengend Snippet: The two spectrograms show a 10 s continuous sequence of the males that emitted most USVs in both groups, (A) the unprimed group and (B) in the group recorded 1d after priming. All lines of the spectrograms are continuous and each line shows 2 s (50 ms interval) of the 10 s sequence. Y-axes represent frequencies between 0–150 kHz with intervals of 25 kHz. Letters indicate examples of vocalization types, following the definitions and abbreviations in . LFV = low-frequency vocalization.

Article Snippet: Spectro-temporal features of USVs: amplitude (GLMM) , , , , , , , Relative Likelihood.

Techniques: Sequencing

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Primed to vocalize: Wild-derived male house mice increase vocalization rate and diversity after a previous encounter with a female

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242959

Figure Lengend Snippet: Regression table of effects of priming on the spectro-temporal features of USVs in male mice.

Article Snippet: Spectro-temporal features of USVs: amplitude (GLMM) , , , , , , , Relative Likelihood.

Techniques:

Journal: Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Article Title: Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Incidence, STI Screening, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Preexposure Prophylaxis Uptake in United States Veterans With Opioid Use Disorder in Long Island, New York

doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofae429

Figure Lengend Snippet: Sexually transmitted infection screening rates and preexposure prophylaxis uptake among US Veterans with opioid use disorder at the Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, stratified by injection drug use. Abbreviations: PrEP, human immunodeficiency virus preexposure prophylaxis; PWID, persons who inject drugs.

Article Snippet: A retrospective chart review of USVs with OUD seeking care at Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center between 2012 and 2022 was completed.

Techniques: Infection, Injection, Virus