Journal: Regenerative Therapy

Article Title: Orexin-A increases the differentiation of human olfactory sensory neurons through orexin receptor type 1

doi: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.10.014

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of OX1R antagonists (SB674042) and OX2R antagonists (TCS-OX2-29) on the differentiation of OSN. The expression of various markers was assessed through western blots (a and g) and subsequently analyzed densitometrically for ADCY3, Golf, ASCL1, βIII tubulin, and OMP (b-f and h-l). (Asterisks indicate p < 0.05, compared to controls, n = 5–6).

Article Snippet: The orexin receptor type 1 (OX1R) antagonist, SB-674042 (HY-10898, MedChem Express, NJ, USA), and orexin receptor type 2 (OX2R) antagonist, TCS-OX2-29 (HY-100452, MedChem Express) were diluted in the dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO with 1 μg/mL and 10 μg/mL, respectively.

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot

Journal: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience

Article Title: Orexin receptors within the nucleus accumbens shell mediate the stress but not drug priming-induced reinstatement of morphine conditioned place preference

doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00144

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of microinjections of vehicle (Veh), SB334867 (SB) at 3.0 or 10.0 μg (SB3 and SB10), or TCSOX229 (TCS) at 3.0 or 10.0 μg (TCS3 and TCS10) in the NAcSh on footshock-induced reinstatement of morphine CPP. * p < 0.05, the footshock group (FS + Veh) compared to the control group non-footshock (NFS + Veh). # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, compared to the FS + Veh. All data are expressed as mean ± SEM.

Article Snippet: Morphine hydrochloride (Qinghai pharmaceutical, China), SB334867, an OX1R antagonist (Tocris, U.K.), TCSOX229, an OX2R antagonist (Tocris, U.K), DMSO (Sigma, U.S.) and saline (NaCl 0.9%) were used in the experiments.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience

Article Title: Orexin receptors within the nucleus accumbens shell mediate the stress but not drug priming-induced reinstatement of morphine conditioned place preference

doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00144

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of microinjections of vehicle (Veh), SB334867 (SB) at 3.0 or 10.0 μg (SB3 and SB10), or TCSOX229 (TCS) at 3.0 or 10.0 μg (TCS3 and TCS10) in the NAcSh on morphine-induced reinstatement of morphine CPP. * p < 0.05, the morphine group (Mor + Veh) compared to the control group (Sal + Veh). All data are expressed as mean ± SEM.

Article Snippet: Morphine hydrochloride (Qinghai pharmaceutical, China), SB334867, an OX1R antagonist (Tocris, U.K.), TCSOX229, an OX2R antagonist (Tocris, U.K), DMSO (Sigma, U.S.) and saline (NaCl 0.9%) were used in the experiments.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology

Article Title: Hypocretin in the nucleus accumbens shell modulates social approach in female but not male California mice

doi: 10.1038/s41386-024-01937-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: In male Mus , NAc cells were organized into 8 cell types: astrocytes (Astro), oligodendrocytes (Oligo), endothelial cells (Endo), interneurons (IN), dopamine receptor 1-expressing cells (D1), and dopamine receptor 2-expressing cells (D2). Hcrtr2 is primarily expressed in the dopamine D1 receptor medium spiny neurons and interneurons, whereas Hcrtr1 is primarily expressed in the D1 and D2 medium spiny neurons ( A ). A Dotplot shows that Hcrtr1 and Hcrtr2 have distinct expression patterns across all cell types in male Mus . Hcrtr1 has the highest average and percent expression in the interneurons, whereas Hcrtr2 has the highest average and percent expression in D1 neurons ( B ). In the nucleus accumbens but not medial prefrontal cortex or ventral tegmental area Hcrtr2 was more abundant than Hcrtr1 ( C ). Timeline of experiment in stressed female California mice and schematic of the mechanism of action for selective HcrtR2 antagonist TSC OX2 29 ( D ). Infusion of TSC OX2 29 in the NAcSh of female California mice previously exposed to social defeat stress increased social approach ( E ) but had no effects on social vigilance behavior ( F ), behaviors during the acclimation phase ( G ). * p < 0.05, + p = 0.06 vs. saline. *** p < 0.001 vs. Hcrtr1 . Group n’s: gene expression; male/control n = 7, male/stress n = 6, female/control n = 8, female/stress n = 7, pharmacology; female/saline n = 9, female/OX2 29 n = 9.

Article Snippet: Mice were implanted with guides aimed at the NAcSh and one week later received either saline (vehicle) or 13 μg HcrtR2 antagonist (TCS OX2 29, Tocris #3371) before behavior testing.

Techniques: Expressing, Saline, Gene Expression, Control