Journal: The Journal of Biological Chemistry

Article Title: Ca 2+ /Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase IV-mediated LIM Kinase Activation Is Critical for Calcium Signal-induced Neurite Outgrowth *

doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.006296

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibitors of CaMKs and CaMKK suppress ionomycin-induced cofilin phosphorylation and neurite outgrowth. A, effects of inhibitors on ionomycin-induced cofilin phosphorylation. Neuro-2a cells were pretreated with control DMSO, 3 μm KN-93, or 5 μm STO-609 for 1 h and then stimulated with 1.5 μm ionomycin for 30 min. Cell lysates were analyzed by immunoblotting (IB) with anti-P-cofilin and anti-cofilin antibodies. The relative P-cofilin levels are shown as means ± S.D. of triplicate experiments. **, p < 0.001. B, effects of inhibitors on ionomycin-induced neurite outgrowth. Neuro-2a cells transfected with CFP were pretreated with control DMSO, KN-93, or STO-609 and stimulated with ionomycin as in A. Cells were cultured for 48 h and fixed, and their CFP fluorescence was visualized. The arrows indicate neurite-bearing cells. Scale bar, 10 μm. C, quantitative analysis of the data shown in B. The number of neurite-bearing cells was analyzed as in Fig. 3A. Data represent means ± S.D. of triplicate experiments (60–80 cells in each experiment). *, p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: KN-93 and STO-609 were purchased from Wako (Osaka, Japan).

Techniques: Western Blot, Transfection, Cell Culture, Fluorescence

Journal: Cancer research

Article Title: CAMKK2 promotes prostate cancer independently of AMPK via increased lipogenesis

doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-18-0585

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Steady-state levels of plasma STO-609. (B) Tissue levels after 4 weeks treatment with 30 mg/ml STO-609. Data for (A) and (B) are means ± SEM (n=3). (C) Wet weight of prostate normalised to body weight following 6 weeks of STO-609 treatment (n=7–8 mice for each condition). Data are means ± SEM; **P<0.01. (D) Representative images of anterior prostate lobe from vehicle and STO-609 treated mice. (E) Quantification of pathological grading from vehicle and STO-609 treated mice. The graph shows the highest grade lesion observed in each prostate section (n=5 mice per condition).

Article Snippet: Osmotic minipumps (Models 2004/2006, Alzet Osmotic Pumps, Cupertino, USA) were filled with varying concentrations (6, 15 and 30 mg/ml) of STO-609 (Enzo Life Sciences) in 200 mM NaOH.

Techniques: