Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: A Topical Hydrogel with Deferiprone and Gallium-Protoporphyrin Targets Bacterial Iron Metabolism and Has Antibiofilm Activity

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00481-17

Figure Lengend Snippet: MICs of deferiprone, gallium-protoporphyrin, and the combination of both compounds and ciprofloxacin

Article Snippet: When used in combination, the MICs for both compounds were typically lower, although the extent of this difference was strain dependent ( ). table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Isolate MIC (μg/ml) of: Def GaPP Combination Def-GaPP Cip S. aureus ATCC 25923 2,784 12.5 696/6.25 0.125 MRSA clinical isolate 5,568 50 2,784/25 2 S. epidermis ATCC 12228 696 <0.1 <10.8/<0.1 0.125 P. aeruginosa PAO1 174 >50 87/0.78 0.125 P. aeruginosa clinical isolate 348 >50 87/0.78 0.125 A. johnsonii ATCC 17946 87 0.78 87/0.78 0.03 Open in a separate window MICs of deferiprone, gallium-protoporphyrin, and the combination of both compounds and ciprofloxacin Effect of loaded hydrogels on bacterial biofilms. (i) Agar diffusion model.

Techniques:

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: A Topical Hydrogel with Deferiprone and Gallium-Protoporphyrin Targets Bacterial Iron Metabolism and Has Antibiofilm Activity

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00481-17

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibition zone diameter (cm) of Gram-positive (a) and Gram-negative (b) bacteria after exposure to loaded hydrogels. Strains used include S. aureus ATCC 25923 (SA), a clinical MRSA isolate (MRSA), S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 (SE), P. aeruginosa PAO1 (PAO1), a clinical P. aeruginosa isolate from a cystic fibrosis patient (PA [CF]), and A. johnsonii ATCC 17946 (AJ). Hydrogels include control, blank gel (black); Cip, ciprofloxacin, 5 μg/ml (pink); Def, deferiprone, 20 mM (light green); GaPP 100, gallium-protoporphyrin, 100 μg/ml (dark green); Def-GaPP 100 (blue); GaPP 500 (orange); and Def-GaPP 500 (red). Data represent the mean ± SD from 3 biological replicates. Statistical comparison to ciprofloxacin-loaded gel. *, P < 0.05; ○, P < 0.01; ^, P < 0.001; #, P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: When used in combination, the MICs for both compounds were typically lower, although the extent of this difference was strain dependent ( ). table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Isolate MIC (μg/ml) of: Def GaPP Combination Def-GaPP Cip S. aureus ATCC 25923 2,784 12.5 696/6.25 0.125 MRSA clinical isolate 5,568 50 2,784/25 2 S. epidermis ATCC 12228 696 <0.1 <10.8/<0.1 0.125 P. aeruginosa PAO1 174 >50 87/0.78 0.125 P. aeruginosa clinical isolate 348 >50 87/0.78 0.125 A. johnsonii ATCC 17946 87 0.78 87/0.78 0.03 Open in a separate window MICs of deferiprone, gallium-protoporphyrin, and the combination of both compounds and ciprofloxacin Effect of loaded hydrogels on bacterial biofilms. (i) Agar diffusion model.

Techniques: Inhibition, Bacteria, Control, Comparison

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: A Topical Hydrogel with Deferiprone and Gallium-Protoporphyrin Targets Bacterial Iron Metabolism and Has Antibiofilm Activity

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00481-17

Figure Lengend Snippet: Log10 reduction of Gram-positive (a) and Gram-negative (b) colony biofilms after exposure to loaded hydrogels. Strains used include S. aureus ATCC 25923 (SA), a clinical MRSA isolate (MRSA), S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 (SE), P. aeruginosa PAO1 (PAO1), a clinical P. aeruginosa isolate from a cystic fibrosis patient (PA [CF]), and A. johnsonii ATCC 17946 (AB). Hydrogels include Cip, ciprofloxacin, 5 μg/ml (pink); Def, deferiprone, 20 mM (light green); GaPP 100, gallium-protoporphyrin, 100 μg/ml (dark green); Def-GaPP 100 (blue); Def-GaPP 100-Cip (black); GaPP 500 (orange); Def-GaPP 500 (red). Data represent the mean ± SD from 3 biological replicates. Statistical comparison to ciprofloxacin-loaded gel. *, P < 0.05; ○, P < 0.01; #, P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: When used in combination, the MICs for both compounds were typically lower, although the extent of this difference was strain dependent ( ). table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Isolate MIC (μg/ml) of: Def GaPP Combination Def-GaPP Cip S. aureus ATCC 25923 2,784 12.5 696/6.25 0.125 MRSA clinical isolate 5,568 50 2,784/25 2 S. epidermis ATCC 12228 696 <0.1 <10.8/<0.1 0.125 P. aeruginosa PAO1 174 >50 87/0.78 0.125 P. aeruginosa clinical isolate 348 >50 87/0.78 0.125 A. johnsonii ATCC 17946 87 0.78 87/0.78 0.03 Open in a separate window MICs of deferiprone, gallium-protoporphyrin, and the combination of both compounds and ciprofloxacin Effect of loaded hydrogels on bacterial biofilms. (i) Agar diffusion model.

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: A Topical Hydrogel with Deferiprone and Gallium-Protoporphyrin Targets Bacterial Iron Metabolism and Has Antibiofilm Activity

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00481-17

Figure Lengend Snippet: Bacterial biofilm growth over time after initial exposure to loaded hydrogels. Strains used include S. aureus ATCC 25923, a clinical MRSA isolate, S. epidermidis ATCC 12228, P. aeruginosa PAO1, a clinical P. aeruginosa isolate from a cystic fibrosis patient, and A. johnsonii ATCC 17946. Hydrogels include blank control gel (B); ciprofloxacin, 5 μg/ml (C); deferiprone, 20 mM (D); gallium-protoporphyrin, 500 μg/ml (G); Def-GaPP 500 (DG).

Article Snippet: When used in combination, the MICs for both compounds were typically lower, although the extent of this difference was strain dependent ( ). table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Isolate MIC (μg/ml) of: Def GaPP Combination Def-GaPP Cip S. aureus ATCC 25923 2,784 12.5 696/6.25 0.125 MRSA clinical isolate 5,568 50 2,784/25 2 S. epidermis ATCC 12228 696 <0.1 <10.8/<0.1 0.125 P. aeruginosa PAO1 174 >50 87/0.78 0.125 P. aeruginosa clinical isolate 348 >50 87/0.78 0.125 A. johnsonii ATCC 17946 87 0.78 87/0.78 0.03 Open in a separate window MICs of deferiprone, gallium-protoporphyrin, and the combination of both compounds and ciprofloxacin Effect of loaded hydrogels on bacterial biofilms. (i) Agar diffusion model.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: A Topical Hydrogel with Deferiprone and Gallium-Protoporphyrin Targets Bacterial Iron Metabolism and Has Antibiofilm Activity

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00481-17

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of loaded hydrogels in an artificial wound model. Log10 reduction of S. aureus ATCC 25923 (SA), a clinical MRSA isolate (MRSA), and P. aeruginosa PAO1 (PAO1) after exposure to loaded hydrogels with Def, deferiprone, 20 mM (light green); GaPP 500, gallium-protoporphyrin, 500 μg/ml (orange); and Def-GaPP 500 (red). Data represent the mean ± SD from 3 biological replicates.

Article Snippet: When used in combination, the MICs for both compounds were typically lower, although the extent of this difference was strain dependent ( ). table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Isolate MIC (μg/ml) of: Def GaPP Combination Def-GaPP Cip S. aureus ATCC 25923 2,784 12.5 696/6.25 0.125 MRSA clinical isolate 5,568 50 2,784/25 2 S. epidermis ATCC 12228 696 <0.1 <10.8/<0.1 0.125 P. aeruginosa PAO1 174 >50 87/0.78 0.125 P. aeruginosa clinical isolate 348 >50 87/0.78 0.125 A. johnsonii ATCC 17946 87 0.78 87/0.78 0.03 Open in a separate window MICs of deferiprone, gallium-protoporphyrin, and the combination of both compounds and ciprofloxacin Effect of loaded hydrogels on bacterial biofilms. (i) Agar diffusion model.

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Comparative genomics of Staphylococcus capitis reveals determinants of speciation

doi: 10.1101/2022.02.11.480064

Figure Lengend Snippet: ML tree is midpoint rooted and bootstrap support values were calculated from 1,000 replicates. The first colour block represents rhierBAPS clustering, dots describe the setting where isolates were retrieved; green = commensal (including scalp samples from this study), red = clinical and grey = unknown and filled grey triangles describe scalp isolates from this study. The subspecies differentiation of S. capitis is presented as the subclades described as BAPS groups 1, 3, 4 and 5. Presence (coloured blocks) and absence (white blocks) of antimicrobial resistance is denoted for each isolate (*Quaternary Ammonium Compounds). The scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. Figure was visualised using iTol v 4.2 .

Article Snippet: Additionally, 7 skin isolates, including culture collection type strains represented both S. capitis subspecies were sequenced and included (ATCC 49325 ( S. capitis subsp. ureolyticus ) and ATCC 27840 ( S. capitis subsp. capitis ).

Techniques: Blocking Assay

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Comparative genomics of Staphylococcus capitis reveals determinants of speciation

doi: 10.1101/2022.02.11.480064

Figure Lengend Snippet: ML tree is midpoint rooted and bootstrap support values were calculated from 1,000 replicates. The first colour block represents rhierBAPS clustering, dots describe the setting where isolates were retrieved; green = commensal (including scalp samples from this study), red = clinical and grey = unknown and filled grey triangles describe scalp isolates from this study. The subspecies differentiation of S. capitis is presented as the subclades described as BAPS groups 1, 3, 4 and 5. Presence (coloured blocks) and absence (white blocks) of virulence genes is denoted for each isolate. The scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. Figure was visualised using iTol v 4.2 .

Article Snippet: Additionally, 7 skin isolates, including culture collection type strains represented both S. capitis subspecies were sequenced and included (ATCC 49325 ( S. capitis subsp. ureolyticus ) and ATCC 27840 ( S. capitis subsp. capitis ).

Techniques: Blocking Assay

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Comparative genomics of Staphylococcus capitis reveals determinants of speciation

doi: 10.1101/2022.02.11.480064

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Pangenome curve generated by plotting total number of gene families in the pan (blue) and core (red) genome of S. capitis. The graph represents how the pan- and core-genomes vary as genomes are added in random order. As the number of genomes increased, the pan-genome increased. (B) Staphylococcus capitis pangenome statistics. The size of the pangenome, including core (shared by >95 % of isolates), shell (found in 15-95 % of isolates) and cloud (found in <15 % of isolates) genes. (C) Functional annotation of the core and accessory genomes of S. capitis subsp. capitis and S. capitis subsp. ureolyticus. Percentages of the core and accessory genomes annotated according to COG functional categories.

Article Snippet: Additionally, 7 skin isolates, including culture collection type strains represented both S. capitis subspecies were sequenced and included (ATCC 49325 ( S. capitis subsp. ureolyticus ) and ATCC 27840 ( S. capitis subsp. capitis ).

Techniques: Generated, Functional Assay

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Comparative genomics of Staphylococcus capitis reveals determinants of speciation

doi: 10.1101/2022.02.11.480064

Figure Lengend Snippet: MSA of β-class PSMs protein sequences found in S. capitis genomes from this study and those described by O’Neill et al., (2020) (sequences marked with ▲) created with ClustalW . Residues are coloured based on amino acid property (Red: small and hydrophobic, blue: acidic, magenta: basic, green: hydroxyl, sulfhydryl, and amine and grey: unusual), positions that contain fully conserved residues are marked with and asterisk and positions marked with a colon indicate conservation between groups of amino acids with similar properties.

Article Snippet: Additionally, 7 skin isolates, including culture collection type strains represented both S. capitis subspecies were sequenced and included (ATCC 49325 ( S. capitis subsp. ureolyticus ) and ATCC 27840 ( S. capitis subsp. capitis ).

Techniques: