Journal: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Article Title: Effectiveness Evaluation of a UV-C-Photoinactivator against Selected ESKAPE-E Pathogens

doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416559

Figure Lengend Snippet: Analysis of cell viability by the addition of resazurin after treatment with UV-C system (10, 12, and 20 s) and control group (no treatment) in different bacterial strains ATCCs (dilution 1:100) S. aureus (ATCC 6538), P. aeruginosa (ATCC 15442), S. enterica (ATCC 10708), E. coli (ATCC 25922), A. baumannii (ATCC 19606) and E. faecalis (ATCC 29212).

Article Snippet: After 8 s of exposure to UV-C, S. aureus (ATCC 6538) and strains of S. enterica (ATCC 10708) showed a greater reduction in CFU (96.3% and 90.6%) when compared to the last time (6 s).

Techniques: Control

Journal: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Article Title: Effectiveness Evaluation of a UV-C-Photoinactivator against Selected ESKAPE-E Pathogens

doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416559

Figure Lengend Snippet: Analysis of cell viability by the addition of resazurin after treatment with UV-C system and control group (no treatment) in different bacterial strains ATCCs ( S. aureus (ATCC 6538), P. aeruginosa (ATCC 15442), S. enterica (ATCC 10708), E. coli (ATCC 25922), A. baumannii (ATCC 19606) and E. faecalis (ATCC 29212)). The measured fluorescence intensity (Relative Fluorescence Units, RFU) after the conversion of resazurin to resofurin by viable bacteria was performed either in the control group (no treatment) as in the bacterial suspensions (1:100 dilution) after exposure to the UV-C (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 20 s). Results represent values from 3 experiments in triplicate. [times (sec) of UV-C exposure].

Article Snippet: After 8 s of exposure to UV-C, S. aureus (ATCC 6538) and strains of S. enterica (ATCC 10708) showed a greater reduction in CFU (96.3% and 90.6%) when compared to the last time (6 s).

Techniques: Control, Fluorescence, Bacteria

Journal: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Article Title: Effectiveness Evaluation of a UV-C-Photoinactivator against Selected ESKAPE-E Pathogens

doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416559

Figure Lengend Snippet: Reduction in CFU/mL counts after exposure to the UV-C system in ATCCs bacterial strains ( S. aureus (ATCC 6538), P. aeruginosa (ATCC 15442), S. enterica (ATCC 10708), E. coli (ATCC 25922), A. baumannii (ATCC 19606) and E. faecalis (ATCC 29212)). The number of CFU/mL was quantified in bacterial suspensions of ATCCs strains (1:100 dilution) after exposure to the UV-C system for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 20 s and in the control group (no treatment).

Article Snippet: After 8 s of exposure to UV-C, S. aureus (ATCC 6538) and strains of S. enterica (ATCC 10708) showed a greater reduction in CFU (96.3% and 90.6%) when compared to the last time (6 s).

Techniques: Control

Journal: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Article Title: Effectiveness Evaluation of a UV-C-Photoinactivator against Selected ESKAPE-E Pathogens

doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416559

Figure Lengend Snippet: Counting the number of colonies forming units (CFU/mL) of the assay from the liquid medium in different ATCCs bacterial strains ( S. aureus (ATCC 6538), P. aeruginosa (ATCC 15442), S. enterica (ATCC 10708), E. coli (ATCC 25922), A. baumannii (ATCC 19606) and E. faecalis (ATCC 29212)). The number of CFU/mL was quantified in the control group (no treatment) and in the bacterial suspensions (1:100 dilution) after exposure to the UV-C system for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 20 s.

Article Snippet: After 8 s of exposure to UV-C, S. aureus (ATCC 6538) and strains of S. enterica (ATCC 10708) showed a greater reduction in CFU (96.3% and 90.6%) when compared to the last time (6 s).

Techniques: Control

Journal: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Article Title: Effectiveness Evaluation of a UV-C-Photoinactivator against Selected ESKAPE-E Pathogens

doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416559

Figure Lengend Snippet: Quantifying the number of CFU/mL in the solid medium of the different bacterial strains ATCCs ( S. aureus (ATCC 6538), P. aeruginosa (ATCC 15442), S. enterica (ATCC 10708), E. coli (ATCC 25922), A baumannii (ATCC 19606), and E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) and MDR strains representative of the ESKAPE-E group S. aureus (MRSA), P. aeruginosa (XDR), A. baumannii (PDR) and K. pneumoniae (KPC+)). In addition, the number of CFU/mL was quantified in the bacterial suspensions (10 4 CFU/mL) after exposure to the UV-C system for 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 s and in the control group (no treatment). Boxes represent median and lines standard deviations.

Article Snippet: After 8 s of exposure to UV-C, S. aureus (ATCC 6538) and strains of S. enterica (ATCC 10708) showed a greater reduction in CFU (96.3% and 90.6%) when compared to the last time (6 s).

Techniques: Control

Journal: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Article Title: Effectiveness Evaluation of a UV-C-Photoinactivator against Selected ESKAPE-E Pathogens

doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416559

Figure Lengend Snippet: Reduction in CFU/mL counts in solid media after exposure to the UV-C system in ATCCs and MDR/ESKAPE-E bacterial strains. The quantification of the number of CFUs was performed in bacterial suspensions of ATCCs strains (10 4 CFU/mL) and MDR strains representative of the ESKAPE-E group (10 4 CFU/mL) after exposure to the UV-C for 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 s and control group (no treatment).

Article Snippet: After 8 s of exposure to UV-C, S. aureus (ATCC 6538) and strains of S. enterica (ATCC 10708) showed a greater reduction in CFU (96.3% and 90.6%) when compared to the last time (6 s).

Techniques: Control

Journal: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Article Title: Effectiveness Evaluation of a UV-C-Photoinactivator against Selected ESKAPE-E Pathogens

doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416559

Figure Lengend Snippet: Efficacy of the UV-C system in reducing several bacterial strains expressed in log 10 reduction of CFU/mL; CFU, colony forming units; A. baumannii , Acinetobacter baumanni ; Ab PDR, Acinetobacter baumannii Pandrug-resistant; E. coli , Escherichia coli ; E. faecalis , Enterococcus faecalis ; Kp KPC+, Klebsiella pneumoniae produtora de carbapenemase (KPC+); MRSA, Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina; P. aeruginosa , Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; P. aeruginosa XDR, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Extensively drug-resistant; S. aureus , Staphylococcus aureus ; S. enterica , Salmonella enterica .

Article Snippet: After 8 s of exposure to UV-C, S. aureus (ATCC 6538) and strains of S. enterica (ATCC 10708) showed a greater reduction in CFU (96.3% and 90.6%) when compared to the last time (6 s).

Techniques:

Journal: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Article Title: Effectiveness Evaluation of a UV-C-Photoinactivator against Selected ESKAPE-E Pathogens

doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416559

Figure Lengend Snippet: Morphological analysis of UV-C treatment (2 s) by Scanning Electron Microscopy. S. enterica (ATCC 10708) ( a – d ) and E. coli (ATCC 25922) ( e – h ) are seen without ( a , b , e , f ) and under UV-C treatment ( c , d , g , h ). Untreated S. enterica ( a , b ) are elongated, presenting many pili-like appendages emerging from different regions of the cell body. Note that the cells form large aggregates, where more pili-like appendages are seen contacting each other ( a ). After treatment with UV-C, the S. enterica ( c , d ) still presents the same morphology, but there is a decrease in pili-like appendages and the formation of cell aggregates ( c , d ). Both, untreated ( e , f ) and treated ( g , h ) E. coli present the same morphology, the cells are elongated, and less pili-like appendages are observed ( e – h ). There is no difference between untreated and treated E. coli .

Article Snippet: After 8 s of exposure to UV-C, S. aureus (ATCC 6538) and strains of S. enterica (ATCC 10708) showed a greater reduction in CFU (96.3% and 90.6%) when compared to the last time (6 s).

Techniques: Electron Microscopy